初中英语考试易混词汇辨析.docx

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初中英语考试易混词汇辨析.docx

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初中英语考试易混词汇辨析.docx

1.clothes,cloth,clothing

clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数

cloth指布,为不可数名词

clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof

2.incident,accident

incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故

Hewaskilledintheaccident.

3.amount,number

amount后接不可数名词,

number后接可数名词anumberofstudents

4.sound,voice,noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音,

voice人的嗓音,

noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.

5.photo,picture,drawing

photo用照相机拍摄的照片,

picture可指相片,图片,电影片,

drawing画的画

Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.

6.weather,climate

weather一天内具体的天气状况,

climate长期的气候状况

Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.

7.road,street,path,way

road具体的公路,马路,

street街道,

path小路,小径,

way道路,途径

takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.

8.course,subject

course课程(可包括多门科目),

subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse

9.custom,habit

custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo,

habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接ofdoing.

I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.

10.cause,reason

cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,

reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate

11.exercise,exercises,practice

exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),

exercises练习(可数),

practice(反复做的)练习Practicemakesperfect.

12.class,lesson

作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.

指班级或全体学生用class.lesson6;class5

13.speech,talk,lecture

speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,

talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话,

lecture学术性的演讲,讲课aseriesoflectureon…

14.work,job

二者均指工作。

work不可数,job可数agoodjob

15.couple,pair

couple主要指人或动物,

pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers

16.country,nation,state,land

country侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指政府,政体,land国土,国家

Thewholenationwassadatthenews.

17.cook,cooker

cook厨师,cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.

18.damage,damages

damage不可数名词,损害,损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages

(更多内容关注公众号:

初三数学语文英语)

19.police,policeman

police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman指某个具体的警察

Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.

20.problem,question

problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用

21.trip,journey,travel

travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,athree-daytrip

22.sport,game

sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;

game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.

23.price,prize

price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金

winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.

24.anumberof,thenumberof

anumberof许多,谓语动词用复数。

thenumberof…的数目,谓语动词用单数。

Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.

25.infrontof,inthefrontof

infrontof范围外的前面,

inthefrontof范围内的前面

Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.

26.foramoment,forthemoment

foramoment片刻,一会儿,

forthemoment暂时,一时

Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.

27.nextyear,thenextyear

nextyear将来时间状语,thenextyear过去将来时间状语

Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.

28.morethanayear,morethanoneyear

morethanayear一年多,morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)

(更多内容关注公众号:

初三数学语文英语)

29.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advice

takeadvice征求意见,taketheadvice接受忠告

Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.

30.takeair,taketheair

takeair传播,走漏,taketheair到户外去,散步

31.inaword,inwords

inaword总之,一句话,

inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.

32.inplaceof,intheplaceof

inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方

Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.

33.insecret,inthesecret

insecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.

34.gotosea,bysea,bythesea

gotosea当海员,出航,

bysea乘船,由海路,

bythesea在海边

gobysea

35.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher

thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,

thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师

thedoctorandteacheris

36.inoffice,intheoffice

inoffice在职的,intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.

37.inbed,onthebed

inbed卧在床上,onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.

38.inchargeof,inthechargeof

inchargeof管理,负责照料,inthechargeof由……照料

Heisinchargeofthematter.

Thematterisinthechargeofher.

39.inclass,intheclass

inclass在课上,intheclass在班级里

Heisthebeststudentintheclass.

40.onfire,onthefire

onfire着火,onthefire在火上

Putthefoodonthefire.

Thehouseisonfire.

41.outofquestion,outofthequestion

outofquestion毫无疑问的,outofthequestion不可能的

42.asecond,thesecond

asecond又一,再一,thesecond第……

Hewonthesecondprize.

43.it,one

it同一物体,one同类不同一

Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.

44.that,this

that指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的

Iwasill.That'swhy…

45.none,nothing,noone

none强调有多少,nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?

---None.

(更多内容关注公众号:

初三数学语文英语)

46.anyone,anyone

anyone指人,不能接of,anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou

47.who,what

who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位

Whatisyourdad?

Heisateacher.

48.what,which

what的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择

Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?

49.notalittle,notabit

notalittle非常,notabit一点也不I'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。

50.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself

byoneself单独的,独自的,foroneself为自己,tooneself供自己用的,ofoneself自行的,自动的

Thedooropenedofitself.

51.high,highly

high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof

52.healthy,healthful

healthy健康的,健壮的,healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise

53.sleeping,asleep,sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,

sleepy困的,有睡意的asleepingbaby

Thebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.

54.gold,golden

gold指真金制品,golden指金色的,但金鱼用goldfishagoldring

55.most,mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容词或名词,mostly大部分,是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…

56.real,true

real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory

57.respectful,respectable

respectful尊敬,有礼貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged

58.pleasant,pleased,pleasing

pleasant常用作定语,pleased,pleasing常用作表语,

pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物

apleasanttripThetripispleasing.

59.understanding,understandable

understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable可理解的,能够懂的

anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake

60.close,closely

close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closelyconnected,standclose

61.ill,sick

ill做表语,sick定,表均可asickboy

62.good,well

good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.

63.quiet,silent,still

quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音,silent不发出声音,但可以动,still完全不动,完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。

64.able,capable

able与不定式todo连用,capable有能力的常与of连用

Heiscapableofcooking…

65.almost,nearly

二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用almostalmostnobody

66.late,lately

late迟,晚,lately最近,近来还可以做形容词,最新的

Ihaven'tseenhimlately(recently).

67.living,alive,live,lively

living,alive,live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,live只能做定语,lively意为活泼的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive

68.deep,deeply

deep具体的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeplymoved,digdeep

69.worth,worthy

二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone

Itisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.

70.happy,glad

happy高兴,幸福,定表均可,glad高兴,只能做表语ahappygirl

71.instead,insteadof

instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中

Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.

HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.

72.raise,rise

raise及物动词,rise不及物动词

Thesunrisesintheeast.

73.bring,take,carry,fetch

bring拿来,take带走,carry随身携带,fetch去回这一往返动作

fetchaboxofchalk

74.join,joinin,takepartin

join加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员;joinin参加小型的活动,joinsb.in;takepartin参加大型的活动

Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.

75.learn,study

learn学习,侧重学习的结果,study学习,侧重学习的过程,研究

76.want,hope,wish

want打算,想要,wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通常可以实现),hopetodo/hopethat…

wish希望(通常不能实现)wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.

77.discover,invent,findout

discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西,invent发明本来不存在的物体,findout发现,查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth

78.leave,leavefor

leave离开,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.

79.rob,steal

rob抢劫robsb.ofsth.,steal偷stealsth.fromsb.

80.search,searchfor

search后接地点,searchfor后接东西Hesearchedhispocketformoney

81.win,lose,beat

win后接sth.,反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem

82.liveon,liveby

liveon以…为主食,liveby靠…谋生liveonfish/livebyfishing

83.beat,hit,strike

beat连续性地击打;hit打中,对准打;strike打一下或若干下

84.betiredof,betiredwith/from

betiredof厌烦…,betiredwith/from因为…而累了betiredwith/fromrunning800meters

85.careabout,carefor

careabout关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;carefor关心,照料,喜欢,愿意Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.

86.catchacold,haveacold

catchacold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用,而haveacold可以

Shehashadacoldforaweek.

87.changefor,changeinto

changefor调换成,changeinto变成

Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.

88.continue,last

二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动

Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.

90.feed,raise

feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),

raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily

91.insiston,stickto

insiston坚持要求,后常接doing,stickto坚持,后常接sth.sticktotheplan

92.meantodo,meandoing

meantodo打算,想要做某事,meandoing意思是,意味着

BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.

93.diefrom,dieof

diefrom表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等,dieof表示死于疾病,饥饿,寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold

94.payfor,payback,payoff

payfor为…付钱,payback还钱,但不一定还清,

payoff还清payforthebook,payoffthedebt(债务)

95.grow,plant

grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去,plant移植,移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plantthetrees,treesaregrowing

96.manage,try

managetodo设法做成了某事,trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功

Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.

97.choose,select

choose凭个人的判断力进行选择,select有目的地仔细认真地选择

choosethebestanswer

98.build,putup,setup,found

build一般用语,建成,putup临时搭建,setup建成(内部的设施基本齐全),

found国家或组织的建成putupatent,setupaschool

99.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith

befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的,befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物

Thebookisfamiliartome.I'mfamiliarwiththebook.

100.receive,accept

receive收到某一东西,但不一定接受,accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'tacceptit.

101.wear,puton,dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时,dress接人,bedressedin,puton表动作

It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes

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