汽车胎压监测系统外文文献翻译中英文.docx

汽车胎压监测系统外文文献翻译中英文.docx

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汽车胎压监测系统外文文献翻译

（含：

英文原文及中文译文）

文献出处：

WuG,LiuJ.DesignofUniversalTPMSBasedonPICMCU[J].ComputerMeasurement&Control,2007,15（11）:

1434-1433.

英文原文

DesignofUniversalTPMSBasedonPICMCU

GWu,JLiu

1Introduction

Withthehighspeedofroadnetworkboomingrise,Trafficisdeveloped,Vehiclespeedincreasing,traffichazardspreventionproblemsimminent,ifbecauseofthetireair-leaksandexplosionetccausetrafficaccident,manyarebytyresworktohightemperatureorunreasonabletirepressurecause.Researchcartirestirepressuremonitoringsystemofmodemautomobiledriving,whentheeconomy,safetyandmanipulationstabilityisparticularlyimportantpracticalsignificance.

HardwareconstitutionandsoftwaredesignmethodoftheuniversalTPMSareintroducedbasedonPICMCU.TheDesignprojectsoftheremotemonitoringmodulebasedoninfineonSPI2sensor,MicrochiprfPIC12F675FwithASK/FSKtransmitterandthecentralreceivermodulebasedonMicrochipPIC16F877Aaredescribed,andhardwarecircuitryandrelatedprogramsflowcharts,communicationprotocolsandalgorithmsaregiven1Thesystemcanmeasurethetire'sinteriortemperature,instantaneouspressure,voltageandaccelerationatanytime,indicatetheblooeytiresandalarmthedrivertoavoidthedanger.It'sofgreatimportanceforthepopularizationandoptimizationoftheTPMSinourcountry.

Asauthoritativeresearchindicates,thekeytoPreventatireblow-outismaintainingstandardtirePressureanddetectingtirefaultbeforehand.Thus,tirePressuremonitoringbecomesmeaningfulandimportant.

TPMS（TirePressureMonitoringSystem）,Mainlyusedinautomobiledrivingreal-timemonitoringoftyrepressureautomatically.Currentlydevelopedcountriesofthetirepressureearly-warningsystemmainlydividedintotwotypes:

oneisJiaJieShi,itthroughcarABS（antiholdingbrakesystem）ofthewheelsensorandtyremechanicalmodel,indirectlycalculatedfbrtyrepressure,inordertoachievethepurpose;monitortyrepressureAnotherkindisdirecttype,itUSESinstalledineachofthetireswithlithiumionbatteryfbrpowersupplypressuresensortodirectmeasurementoftyrepressure,andthroughwirelessmodulationlaunchtoinstallinsearchofmonitor,andmonitoratanytimedisplayvarioustyrepressure,driverscanintuitiveyunderstandingeachtirepressurecondition,whenthetyrepressureistooloworhaveleakage,thesystemwillautomaticallyalarm,ensuresafety.

TPMSasanewtypeautomobileactivesafetydevicehasbeendevelopingrapidlyinrecentyearsworldwide.Sinceitcouldmonitortirepressureandtemperatureinrealtimeandalertthedriverintime,mosttrafficaccidentscausedbyflattirecouldbeavoidedtoensuresafedriving.ThedevelopmentoftirepressuremonitoringsystemsisreviewedincludingwheelspeedbasedTPMS,pressure-sensorbasedTPMSandthecominggenerationsocallednon-batterypassiveTPMS.ThecomponentsandworkingmechanismoftirepressuremonitoringsystemareintroducedandtheirmeritsanddefectsanalyzedandcomparedwiththeemphasisonthreedominantdirectTPMSsystems,whicharesignificantinitsresearchanddevelopment.Theprospectoffuturedevelopmenttrendislookedahead.Thenon-batteryTPMSisexpectedtoreplacethecurrentoneandbecomethedominant.Wirelesssignaltransmissionstabilityreliabilityinsufficiency,thebatterylifeproblem,sensorlifeanddurabilityproblem,isthepresentTPMSproductsinthecommonproblem.Thissysteminadditiontothesensor,alluseMicrochipcompanytransceiverchipandmicrocontrolprocessor,lowenergyconsumption,goodcompatibilityandhighreliability.AndutilizeFSKmodulatormode,one-waycommunicationmode,improvingthesystemofsignaltransmissionofanti-interferenceability.CombinedwiththesystemUSEStheSP12sensorandmonitoringmodulemicroprocessorrfPIC12F675Fcharacteristics,adoptLFlow-frequencysenseitechnology,time-sharingsendandreceivedifferentmonitoringmodulerfsignals,thussolvingsignalcollisioninterferenceproblems,andfurtherenergysavingsystem.

2SystemRequirements

Causeaflattireandblowoutreasonsareasfollows:

®tyretemperatureisexorbitant,②thetyrepressuretoobig,③tyresusedfbralongtime,④tireoverload,⑤automobiledrivingtoofast.

Forthatcartobeinasafedrivingcondition,driversmustindrivingprocessreal-timeunderstandtyreoverpressure,voltage,temperature,etc.Workofthestate,thesystemhasthefollowingfunctions:

①real-timemonitortirepressure,temperatureconditions,②whenatireover-voltage,overheating,automaticsoundandlightalarm,③whenatyreinundervoltagecondition,correspondingtheadvantagesindicatoremitlight.

3HardwareDesign

ThesystemwasdividedintotwoPartsfunctionally:

tirePressuremeasuringblockandcentralmonitoringblock.

Thehardwarecompositionwasintroducedrespectively;hardwarecircuitsofeachblockwerealsopresentedinthispaper.Performanceandfunctionofmainchipswereintroducedindetail,suchasthesensorSP12,rfPIC12F675（MCUwithembeddedUHFtranslmiter）,receiverrfRXD0420,PIC16F877,andsomeotherimportantcomponentslikeLCM（withaT6963Ccontrollerembeded）andete.

Toenhancetheanti-interferenceperformanceandrealizelowpower

Consumptionmanagement,anactiveLowFrequency（LF）wake-uptechnologywasadopted.

Asfbrsoftwaredesign,adynamictimecyclemeasuringandtransmittingmethodwasproposed,andcorrespondingsoftwarearithmeticweregiven,CombiningLFwake-uptechnologywithlowpowermanagementthought.Takingintoconsiderationsevereelectromagneticinterferenceenvironmentofcars,aCRC（CyelicRedundancyCheek）arithmeticwasaddedintothecommunicationprotocolframes,compositivesoftwarefilteringmethodswerealsousedtoenhancetheReliabilityandpresideofthesystem.

Thissystemconsistsof5modules,asshowninfigure1shows,4fortyrewithinthesurveillancemodules,ausedcar,receivingmodules.Monitoringmoduleincludessensorandlaunchmodule.Thesensortomeasurethepressureandtemperaturesignalsareconvertedtoelectricsignalsthroughwirelesstransmittingdeviceswillsignallaunched.Thepressureofthetemperaturesensorlaunchedbythereceivingmodulecanreceiveandprocessinformation,afterdrivingonthedisplayshowsthatinthecourseofdrivingreal-timemonitor.ShowingthewaysuchasLED,LCDorvoicerequirementstodesign.Thetyresmonitoringmodulebycentralmainframecontrolmodulelow-frequencyLFsignalcontrol,settleintoworkpatternsintervaltime-sharing,resttimedormant.

3.1Hardwaredesignofthemastercontrolmodule

Cartiresuniqueworkingenvironmentconditionsdeterminesthetirepressurereal-timemonitoringofthehighpressuresensorobjectives:

widetemperaturearea,widevoltagerangeofhighaccuracyandreliability,Lowpowerrequirements;Badenvironmentwirelesssignaltransmissionstabilityrequirement.ThissystemUSESInfineon（Infineon）companySP12tyrepressuretemperatureaccelerationspecialdetectionsensor.

Becauseelectricitysavingandsupersmall-scaledemand,soadoptedSP12sensor.SP12isakindofpiezoelectricresistorsensor,besidescanmeasurepressureandtemperaturebesides,stillintegratedaddspeedsensorandvoltagepreachimplement,pressuremeasurementrange100-450kPa,temperaturemeasurementrangefor-40~+125.Theaveragepowerconsumptionfbrstandbymodeonly13muonA.HastheSPIserialcommunicationmouth,moreconvenientandcontrollercanbecomposedSCMsystem.

RfPIC12F675FMicrochipcompanyislaunchedmonolithicintegratedembeddedrfwirelessdatatransmitters8-bitCMOSmicrocontroller.1024x14programmableanEPROM,64x8bytesdatastorage,128x8bytesEEPROMdatastorage,16specialfunctionofhardwareregisters,Thewatchdogtimer,lowpowerconsumption,sleeppatterns,sixgeneralI/Ofunctions;Workingvoltage,lowpowerconsumption55V25〜sleeppatternsfor500muAcurrent.EmbeddedUHFadd/FSKemitter,rffrequencyrangefor230〜930MHz,adjustableoutputpower+6~-15dBm,adddataemissionrate0〜40Kbps,FSKdatalaunchrate0〜20Kbps;PLLphase-lockedVCO,integratedoscillators,andthatthecircuitonlyafewexternalcomponents.ComplywithUSandEuropeanEN300220'ts15231FCCrules.

Thetyresmonitoringmodulecircuitstructureasfigureshows,bymicrocontrollerrfPIC12F675F,pressureandtemperatureaccelerationsensorSP12,antennanetworkandLFlow-frequencyawakeningofcircuitcomposedoffour.Peripheralcomponentsandsimplecircuit,andhighreliability.UsingtheSPIserialdatainterfaceSP12SDO,SCLKandSDIrespectivelywithmicro-controllerrfPIC12F675FonGP4,GP1andGP2connection,becauserfPIC12F675FwithouthardwareSPIfunction,butitiseasierforsoftwaresimulationandSP12betweenserialcommunication.Thebuilt-inlaunchchipscontaintransmitpoweramplifierPA,thecrystaloscillator,phase-lockedVCOisPLL,VCOandpatternlogiccontrolblockscircuits,etc.Thisapplicationsystembyworkingfrequencyfbr433MHz,XTALpinsandFSKOUTpinsbetweenjoinexternalcrystaloscillatorclampsitsXIcapacitorCl,C2,realizeFSKmodulation.WhenDATAFSK=1,FSKOUTforhighimpedancecondition,transmitfrequencyfMAX;for,WhenDATAFSK=0,FSKOUTandVSSRFgrounding,capacitanceCl,C2inparallel,thetransmitfrequencyforfMIN.Thissystemtransmissionpowerfbr+2dB,standbycurrentconsumptiononly10muA.Duringliftoff,VCOoutputsignalisdirectlyintotheVCOoutputtoPA,thefrequencyofcrystaloscillatorfrequency32times,takinglanduse-datAFSKtheinputofdigitalsignal（GPOforsignalinputcontrolterminals,andtakinglanduse-datAFSKconnected）wasFSKafterpoweramplifieroutput,PAtodirect