大学英语 听力 unit1.docx

大学英语 听力 unit1.docx

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大学英语听力unit1

Unitone

2.PhoneticBasisforListeningComprehension

LCFPEEmainlyinvolvesthefollowingsevenphoneticphenomena:

confusingphonetics,liaison,assimilation,weakforms,plosionandincompleteplosion,differencebetweenBritishandAmerican,intonation.

2.1ConfusingPhonetics

ItisonetestingformtousetheconfusingphoneticsastheinterferencefactorsinLCFPEE.Manycandidatesfinditverydifficulttodistinguishamongthem.Thefollowingarethemainconfusingphonetics,whichtheexamineesshouldmemorizeclearly.

/ɪ/-/i:

/:

pitch-peach;still-steel;itch-each;chip-cheap;lid-lead

/ʌ/-/ɑ:

/:

stuff-staff;much-march;become-becalm;hut-heart;cut-cart

/ɔ/-/ɔ:

/:

spot-sport;fox-forks;not-naught

/aʊ/-/ɔ/:

cows-cause;down-dawn;town-torn

/ʊ/-/ʊ:

/:

full-fool;pull-pool;foot-food

/æ/-/e/:

sad-said;batter-better;mass-mess

/aɪ/-/æ/,/e/:

crime-cram;fight-fat;pine-pan-pen

/eɪ/-/i:

/,/ɪ/:

takeit-ticket;weight/wait-wheat;bay-bee

/s/-/θ/:

sing-thing;pass-path;sink-think;some-thumb;sought-thought

/z/-/ð/:

close-clothes;breeze-breathe;tease-teethe

[Ex1]

[A]Theymighthavetochangetheirplan.

[B]Hehasgoteverythingsetfortheirtrip.

[C]Hehasheavierworkloadthanthewoman.

[D]TheycouldstayinthemountainsuntilJune8.

W:

Ijustcalledthetravelagency.It’sallset.OnJune1st,we’reheadingforthemountainsandwe’llbecampingthereforawholeweek.

M:

Haveyoucheckedtheacademycalendar?

Myclassesaren’toveruntilthe8th.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanimply?

[Analysis]Theanswershouldbe[A].Ifwemix“tover[təʊvə]”withtower[taʊə],itwillbedifficultforustochoosethecorrectanswer.

[Ex2]

[A]Shewilldoherbestifthejobisworthdoing.

[B]Sheprefersalifeofcontinuedexploration.

[C]Shewillsticktothejobifthepayisgood.

[D]Shedoesn’tthinkmuchofjob-shopping.

M:

Jenny,rememberthis:

ajobworthdoingatallisworthdoingwell.

W:

Oh,yes!

Icertainlywon’tforgetit.Butdon’texpectmetosticktothejobjustbecauseitpaysafewmorebucks.Alifeofcontinuousexplorationisalifeworthliving.

Q:

Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?

[Analysis]Theanswershouldbe[B].Ifwetake“worth[wɜ:

θ]”asworse[wɜ:

s],itwillbedifficultforustochoosethecorrectanswer.

2.2Liaison

LiaisonhasthreetypesinEnglish,whichplayasignificantroleinlisteningcomprehension.

1.Consonant+vowel

come⌒in/work⌒out/good⌒idea/think⌒it⌒it/read⌒it⌒again/speak⌒English/first⌒of⌒all/not⌒at⌒all/all⌒of⌒us/look⌒at⌒it/pick⌒it⌒up/put⌒it⌒on/take⌒it⌒along/take⌒it⌒away/leave⌒it⌒alone/an⌒hour/an⌒egg/an⌒end/in⌒an⌒hour/in⌒August/in⌒an⌒instant/put⌒on/put⌒it⌒on/put⌒it⌒up/let⌒him⌒in/best⌒of⌒all/take⌒it⌒out/back⌒in⌒a⌒minute/one⌒of⌒us/make⌒it⌒up/keep⌒on/above⌒all/stand⌒up/take⌒it⌒off

2.r-linking

there⌒is/there⌒are/our⌒own/more⌒over/for⌒ever/after⌒all/far⌒away/here⌒andthere/father⌒andmother/remember⌒it/for⌒instance/later⌒on/clear⌒enough/for⌒amoment/for⌒an⌒hour/apair⌒ofshoes/for⌒example/more⌒orless/far⌒andwide/amatter⌒offact

3.Consonant+semivowel

Thank⌒you/nicetomeet⌒you/did⌒yougettherelate⌒again/would⌒youlike⌒acup⌒oftea/could⌒youhelpme,please

[Ex1]

[A]Newlawsareyettobemadetoreducepollutantrelease.

[B]Pollutionhasattractedlittleattentionfromthepublic.

[C]Thequalityofairwillsurelychangeforthebetter.

[D]It’lltakeyearstobringairpollutionundercontrol.

W:

Lookatallthepollutantsgoingintotheairfromthosefactories!

Doyouthinkthey’llevergetthatundercontrol?

M:

Nowwiththenewlawsineffect,andsocialawarenessincreasing,we’resuretoturnthingsaround.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?

[Analysis]Theanswershouldbe[C].

[Ex2]

[A]Mr.Johnson’sideasarenonsense.

[B]HequiteagreeswithMr.Johnson’sviews.

[C]Mr.Johnsonisgoodatexpressinghisideas.

[D]Hesharesthewoman’sviewsonsocialwelfare.

W:

Idon’tagreewithMr.Johnsononhisviewsaboutsocialwelfare.Heseemstosuggestthatthepoorarerobbingtherich.

M:

Hemighthaveusedbetterwordstoexpresshisideas,butIfindwhathesaidmakesalotofsense.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?

[Analysis]Theanswershouldbe[B].whenthefirstwordendswiththeconsonantandthesecondwordbeginswiththesound[h],[h]willbeomittedtomakethetwoadjacentphoneticsofthetwowordsliaised.

Tips:

practicemakesperfect;listentotheliaisonagainandagain.

Exercise2

Listentothesentencesandreadthem.

1.Whynotjoinus?

2.Igotajobinagoldmine.

3.Youcaneatthemin15minutes.

4.Italldependsonyourowndecision.

5.Theretwinsetstellusmanythings.

6.Shallwemeetat8or10tomorrowmorning?

7.Thereisanappletreeinfrontofthehouse.

8.Hehasagreatdealoftranslationtodo.

9.I’mafraidIcan’tcomeat9.

10.ThiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveacertificationtoliveinChina.

2.3assimilation

1.Mixedassimilation

Itreferstothephenomenonthattwoadjacentphoneticsaffecteachotherandbecomeawholesound.

/ t/+/ j/→/tʃ/notyet/´nɔtʃet/;nextyear/´nekstʃɪə/

/d/+/ j/→/dʒ/didyou/´dɪdʒʊ:

/;wouldyou/´wudʒʊ:

/

/z/+/j/→/ʒ/becauseyou/bɪ´kɔʒʊ:

/;seizeyou/si:

ʒʊ:

/

/s/+/ j/→/ʃ/adviceyou/əd´vaɪʃʊ:

/;issue/´ɪʃʊ:

/

[Ex1]

[A]Shewasexhaustedfromhertrip.

[B]Shemissedthecomfortsofhome.

[C]ShewasimpressedbyMexicanfood.

[D]ShewillnotgotoMexicoagain.

M:

IheardyoutookatriptoMexicolastmonth.Howdidyoulikeit?

W:

Oh,Igotsickandtiredofhotelsandhotelfood.SonowIunderstandthesaying,“East,west,home’sbest”.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?

[Analysis]Theanswershouldbe[B].

1.Phoneticschange

Itreferstothephenomenonthatthelastphoneticofthefirstwordaffectedbythefirstonechangedintoanothersimilarone.

/n/→/ŋ/infrontof/k/and/g/:

incase/ɪŋ´keɪs/;tengirls/´teŋ´gɜ:

lz/

/s/→/ʃ/,/z/→/ʒ/before/ʃ/:

thisship/´ðɪʃ´ʃɪp/,isshe?

/ɪʒ´ʃɪ/

/ð/→/θ/,/z/→/s/,/v/→/f/:

whenonevoicedphoneticmeetavoicelessoneendtoend,thevoicedonewillbecomethevoicelessone.Withthanks/wiθ´θæŋks/;hasto/hæs´tʊ:

/;ofcourse/əf´kɔ:

s/

[Ex2]

[A]Maryhasakeeneyeforstyle.

[B]Nancyregretsbuyingthedress.

[C]NancyandMarywentshoppingtogetherinRome.

[D]NancyandMaryliketofollowthelatestfashion.

M:

HowdoesNancylikethenewdresssheboughtinRome?

W:

ShesaidshewouldneverhaveboughtanItalianstyledressifshehadknownMaryhadalreadygotsuchadress.

Q:

Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

[Analysis]Theanswershouldbe[B].

Exercise3

Listentothesentencesandreadthem.

1.Wouldyouminddoingmeafavor?

2.Itcan’tbedone.

3.Isshegoingtobethere,too?

4.Takesomewaterincaseyouneedit.

5.Doesshehavetofinishthehomeworkthisafternoon?

6.Allofuswillmissyouforever.

7.IheardyoutookatriptoAmericalastmonth.

8.Howdidyoulikethat?

9.It’sapitythatyoucan’tgowithus.

10.Thestyleofthisshirtisnotsuitableforme.

2.4weakforms

Weakformsplayahighlightroleinlisteningcomprehension.Thecandidatesshoulddistinguishthemfromtheconversation.

a,an/ə,ən/anuglyman;anhour;anhonestman;anappleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.

Am/əm,m/I’mallright;I’mnotreadyyet;I’veseenhimandamgladtosayhe’swell;whatamItodo?

And/ənd,ən/twoandsix;fireandthesword;TomandAAnie;Goandtellyouruncle

Are/ə/theboysarehere;ourfriendsareout;areyouthere;whatareyoudoing

As/əz/asgoodasgold;asfarasIknow;itlooksasifyou’reright

At/ət/I’mlookingattheclock;Tom’sstillatschool;I’llmeetyouatthegate

Be/bi/Don’tbelate;Dobequiet;I’llbereadysoon;weshallbethereinplentyoftime

Been/bin/You’vebeenalongtime;I’vebeencheated;we’vebeenplayingchese.

But/bət/It’soldbutuseful;we’venothingbutwater;It’srainingbutI’llgoout.

Can/kən/whatcanIdotohelpyou?

Icanseeitquitewell;Icansmellgas;thatcanbedoneinaminute

Could/kəd/Icouldleaveearly;whatcouldIdo;IwishIcouldswim;youcoulddoitifyoutried.

Do/də,d/whatdoyouwant;wheredoyoubuythem;wheredoyougetthem;whydoyouworksohard

Does/dəz/whatdoeshedoforaliving;wheredoesthisroadleadto;wheredoesyourbrotherlive;howdoesthataffectyou.

For/fə/Isthisforme;thiswatchwilllastforever;there’saparcelhereforyou;this’llbegoodforyou;

From/frəm/Ican’ttellonefromtheother;

hadhashave/həd,həz,həv/hasthepostcome;hadIknow;

him/im/Igavehimabook;givehimmybestwishes;

must/məst/youmusteatitatonce.Hemustgonow;

shall/səl/whenshallIseeyouagain;Ishallbebacksoon;

should/ʃəd/whatshouldIsay;weshouldgetthereearly

some/səm/wouldyoulikesomemilk;I’vegotsomelettersforyou;givehimsomemore;

than/ðən/it’sbiggerthanIthought;that’smorethanIwant;

that/ðət/hesaidthathewaslate;Itoldhimthathewaslazy.

Us/əs,s/theytoldustogo;

Would/wəd,d/whatwouldyoulike;

Table：

briefintroductiontoweakforms

words

stressed

weak

words

stressed

weak

A

[ei]

[ə]

Am

[æm]

[əm,m]

An

[æn]

[ən,n]

And

[ænd]

[ənd,nd,ən,n]

Any

[´eni]

[ni]

Are

[a:

]

[ə]

As

[æz]

[əz]

At

[æt]

[ət]

But

[bΛt]

[bət]

Can

[kæn]

[kən,kn,kŋ]

Could

[kud]

[kəd,kd]

Do

[du:

]

[du]

Does

[dΛz]

[dəz]

For

[fɔ:

]

[fə]

Had

[hæd]

[həd,əd,d]

Has

[hæz]

[həz]

Have

[hæv]

[həv,əv,v]

He

[hi:

]

[hi]

Her

[hə:

]

[hə]

Him

[him]

[m]

His

[hiz]

[iz]

Is

[iz]

[s,z]

many

[´meni]

[mni]

me

[mi:

]

[mi]

Must

[mΛst]

[məst,mΛs]

shall

[∫æl]

[∫l,∫əl]

Our

[auə]

[a:

r]

should

[∫ud]

[∫əd,∫d,∫u]

She

[∫l:

]

[∫l]

some

[sΛm]

[səm]

So