福建师范大学2020年2月课程考试高级英语阅读(一)作业考核试题.doc

福建师范大学2020年2月课程考试高级英语阅读(一)作业考核试题.doc

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福建师范大学网络与继续教育学院

《高级英语阅读

（一）》期末考试A卷

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答案务必写在最后一页答案卷上，否则不得分！

一、客观题（每题3分）

I判断对错题（答案务必写在答题纸上，对的写“T”，错的写“F”

ReadLesson6TextB“UnwillingtoSchool”Judgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

:

（阅读教材第6课课文B，判断对错）

UnwillinglytoSchool

ByKatrinFitzHerbert

Everychildwithapoorschoolattendancerecordisachildindanger.Atbest,heisindangerofnotfulfillinghiseducationalpotential;atworst,heisindangerofcrueltyorneglect.

Enforcedschoolabsenceinchildhoodissometimesusedbyadultstojustifytheirowncareerfailure.Itisdifficultforachildtoplaytruantregularlyifhisparentsarekeenforhimtoattendschool.Muchtruancyisopenlycondoned;asfortherest,notknowingthatyourchildrenplaytruantisequivalenttonotensuringthattheyareatschool.Itshowslackofinterestintheirwhereabouts,apathyabouttheireducation,orinabilitytocontrolthem—i.e.,ineffectiveparents...

Thecharacteristicswhichleadfamiliestorejectregularschoolingarelikelytohaveotherdetrimentaleffectsonthechildrenbesideseducationalfailure.Forwhatcouldmakeparentsdecidethatthemostwidelyagreedroutetosecureemployment,socialacceptanceandpersonalsatisfactionisnotforthem?

Thefirstreasonisageneraldifficultyindealingwithfamilyresponsibilities,particularlyinthestressfulenvironmentofmoderncities.Gettingthechildtoschoolontimeistoomuchtocopewith（alarmclock,breakfast,clothes,shoes,gymclothes,lunchmoney）.Secondly,thechild'scompanymaycomfortadepressed,isolatedmother.

Theschool'sinsistenceonuniformsorotherobligationsand,possibly,itsundisguiseddisapprovalofan"inadequate"family,maybethelaststraw.Childrenwhogrowupinsuchfamiliesarelikelytobedeprivedinmanywaysbesideseducation.

Inthesefamilies,educationiswrittenoffasawasteoftime.Forachildgrowingup,thisispossiblymoreseriousthanthelossofeducation.Habitualnon-attendancecanaccustomchildrenveryearlyintheirlivestorejectingthevaluesandlegalrequirementsofsociety.Itisatrainingindevianceandanti-socialbehaviourwhichcanlaythefoundationforagenerallydeviantcareer.Thecommonprogressionfromtruancyorparentally-condonedabsencetojuvenilecrimehasbeenreliablyestablished.

Ingreatestdangerofallisthechildwhosuccessfullyplaystruantforlongperiodswithouthisparents'knowledge.Hispersonalisolationandalienation,notjustfromconventionalbehaviourbutfromhisownfamily,putshimindangerofdelinquency,drugsormentalillnessinlaterlife.Truancyhasbeencalledthe"kindergartenofcrime",andbadschoolattendancespellsfailureandpossibleunemploymentinlaterlife.

Itwassoonrealizedthatnon-attendancewastoocomplexandseriousaproblemtobedealtwithbyeducationdepartmentsalone.Muchresponsibilityforschoolattendancewas,therefore,transferredtosocialworkers.Thismovehas,onitsown,however,possiblycreatedasmanyproblemsasithassolved.Thisisbecausetheseriousnesswithwhichtheyregardnon-attendanceisanissueonwhichsocialworkersandworkersineducationdiffer.Socialworkerstendtoregarditasmerelyonesymptomofsocialfailurewhich,particularlyifhomelessness,physicalneglect,maritalproblemsandillnessarepresent,doesnotjustifymoreattentionthantherest.

Workersineducationconsidertheotherproblemsasallthemorereasonwhythechildrenconcernedshouldhavetheadvantageofregularschooling.Thelongertheystaytruant,thegreateraretheirchancesofgettingintofurthertrouble.Onechiefeducationwelfareofficertoldme:

"Thebestformofsocialserviceyoucandofordeprivedchildrenistoseethattheyreceiveeducationinthenormalschoolsetting."

Iwasgivenaccesstoafewcasesofnine-year-oldchildrenselectedbytheirheadteacherforcausingconcernduetoproblemsarisingoutsideschool.Ireadtheirfilesandtalkedtotheworkersinvolvedabouthoweach,fromhisprofessionalpointofview,sawthechainofeventssincetheinitialreferral.Incasesconcernedwithschoolabsence,thismethodproducedacommentaryoftheslowprogressiontowardsstalematewhichcanoccurwhentwodepartmentswithdifferentprioritiesarejointlyresponsibleforsolvingthesameproblem.Forhowcanadecisiveplanforactioneverbeformedifitdependsonthecooperationoftwopeoplewhobasicallydisagree?

Non-attendancecansoinjureachild'slifechancesthatitdeservestobetackledbyamoresingle-mindedattackthanthis.Aconcertedpolicyshouldfocusonthefollowingareas:

first,theschool'sowncapacityforholdingtheinterestofpupils;second,itsefficiencyinregisteringunexplainedabsences;third,school-orientedsocialwork;fourth,boardingschools;andfifth,publicattitude.

Thegeneralclimateofaschoolisobviouslyapowerfulfactorinachild'sdecisiontoplaytruant,socreatinganacceptableschoolatmosphereisoneofthemostchallengingassignmentsteachersface.Itmust,however,bedistinguishedfromtheseparatetaskofsettingupefficientmachineryforfollowingupsuspectedtruants.Thisconsistsoftreatinganyunexplainedabsence—evenlateness,whichisoftenanindicationofabsencetocomeasserious.Iftheschoolimmediatelyqueriesthefirstandsubsequentunexplainedabsence,itwillbemuchmoredifficultforthechildtobecomeahabitualabsentee.

Theschool'ssuccessinkeepingnon-attendancetoaminimumalsodependsontheeffectivenessofitseducationwelfareofficer,theofficiallinkbetweenschoolandhome.Ideally,whenalertedaboutasuspectedabsence,hemakesanimmediatehomevisittoseewhathasgonewrong.Inthefirstinstancehemaysimplygoto"collectexcuses",graduallyforminghisownideaoftherealreasonforthechild'sabsencethechildisbulliedatschool,themotherisunhappywhenthechildisatschool,thefamilydoesnotgetupintime,theparentsdon'tknowaboutthetruancy,thechildhasnotgotauniform,andsoon.Thoughtheofficerwilldowhathecantoalleviateanyproblemhestumbleson,hismaininterestistogetthechildbacktoschool.

Anotheringredientofageneralattackonchronicnon-attendanceshouldbeboardingeducation.EveryEducationWelfareOfficerhashiscoreofcasesofchildrenwhoseparentsdonotbelieveineducation;whohavesuchpsychologicalproblemsoftheirownthattheyneedtheirchildrenforcompanyorwhoaresoanti-authoritythattheywillnothandtheirchildrenovertoanyrepresentativesofthe"establishment"theydetest.Thesearetheparentswithwhomtheofficer,andtheschoolorsocialworkersgetnowhereandwhosechildrengetnoeducationtospeakof,ifleftintheirhomeenvironment.

Teachers,educationwelfareofficersandsocialworkersaresometimesexcessivelyreluctanttoconsiderboardingschool.Theyregarditasapunitiveactionwithacertainfinalityforthechild.Manyreferralsare,therefore,madetoolatetobereallyuseful.Sendingachildtoaboardingschoolshouldbetoimproveasituationwhichisnotgoingwell.However,everybodyissowaryofit,thatwetendtouseitwhenitisreallytoolate;whenparentsarereadytoberelievedofachildwhoisaproblem—thusgivingthechildgoodreasontofeelrejected.Whenthechildisstillwanted,andsenttoboardingschoolagainsthisparents'will,thenitcanreallysolvetheproblembyansweringthechild'seducationalneeds,withoutdestroyingfamilybonds.

Finally,thepublicapathytowardstruancyisapositiveincentivetochildrenwhohavedifficultiesatschool.Themaninthestreet,evenwhenknockedsidewaysbyadiminutivefootballerduringschoolhours,merelycursesandwalkson.Wouldabsenceratesbeanydifferentifthepublicoccasionally"hadago"atobviousnon-attendersandencouragedthemtogivetheirteachersanotherchancetomakeschoolworthwhileforthem?

1.Everychildwithpoorschoolattendancerecordisunabletofulfillhiseducationalpotentialandisgoingtosuffercrueltyorneglect.

2.Manyparentsdonotknowthattheirchildrenplaytruantregularly,whichshowstheirlackofinterestintheirchildren’seducationorinabilitytocontrolthem.

3.Parent’sdifficultyindealingwithfamilyresponsibilityisnotareasonwhichleadsfamiliestorejectregularschooling.

4.Habitualnon-attendancecancausechildrenrejectthevaluesandlegalrequirementsofsocietyveryearlyintheirlives.

5.Truancyorparentally-condonedabsencemayormaynotleadtojuvenilecrime.

6.Mentalillnessinlaterlifeisanotherbadeffectoftruancy.

7.Non-attendanceissuchacomplexandseriousproblemthatitcan’tbedealtwithbyeducationdepartmentalone.

8.Accordingtothispassage,thesocialworkersandeducationaldepartmentdidn’tcooperateverywellbecausetheydisagreebasically.

9.Accordingtothewriter,registeringunexplainedabsenceisnotveryeffectivetoresolveregularnon-attendance.

10.Unliketheparents,theteachers,socialworkersandeducationwelfareofficersareunwillingtosendtruantstoboardingschoolintheearlystage.

　IIDirections:

Thereare4passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.　　

Passage1

Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteorsbutalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetthrough,andthisisessentialforplantstomake