单片机英文参考文献.docx

单片机英文参考文献.docx

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单片机英文参考文献

StructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51series

StructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerMCS-51isanameofapieceofone-chipcomputerserieswhichIntelCompanyproduces.Thiscompanyintroduced8top-gradeone-chipcomputersofMCS-51seriesin1980afterintroducing8one-chipcomputersofMCS-48seriesin1976.Itbelongtoalotofkindsthislineofone-chipcomputerthechipshave,suchas8051,8031,8751,80C51BH,80C31BH,etc.,theirbasiccomposition,basicperformanceandinstructionsystemareallthesame.8051dailyrepresentatives-51serialone-chipcomputers.

Anone-chipcomputersystemismadeupofseveralfollowingparts:

（1）Onemicroprocessorof8（CPU）.

（2）AtslicedatamemoryRAM（128B/256B）,itusenotdeposittingnotcanreading/datathatwrite,suchasresultnotmiddleofoperation,finalresultanddatawantedtoshow,etc.（3）ProcedurememoryROM/EPROM（4KB/8KB）,isusedtopreservetheprocedure,someinitialdataandforminslice.ButdoesnottakeROM/EPROMwithinsomeone-chipcomputers,suchas8031,8032,80C,etc..（4）Four8runsidebysideI/OinterfaceP0fourP3,eachmouthcanuseasintroduction,mayuseasexportingtoo.（5）Twotimer/counter,eachtimer/countermaysetupandcountintheway,usedtocounttotheexternalincident,cansetupintoatimingwaytoo,andcanaccordingtocountorresultoftimingrealizethecontrolofthecomputer.（6）Fivecutoffcuttingoffthecontrolsystemofthesource.（7）OneallduplexingserialI/OmouthofUART（universalasynchronousreceiver/transmitter（UART））,isitrealizeone-chipcomputerorone-chipcomputerandserialcommunicationofcomputertousefor.（8）Stretchoscillatorandclockproducecircuit,quartzcrystalfinelytuneelectriccapacityneedouter.Allowoscillationfrequencyas12megahertasnowatmost.Everytheabove-mentionedpartwasjoinedthroughtheinsidedatabus.Amongthem,CPUisacoreoftheone-chipcomputer,itisthecontrolofthecomputerandcommandcentre,madeupofsuchpartsasarithmeticunitandcontroller,etc..Thearithmeticunitcancarryon

8personsofarithmeticoperationandunitALUoflogicoperationwhileincludingone,the1storingdevicetemporariliesof8,storingdevice2temporarily,8'saccumulation

deviceACC,registerBandprocedurestateregisterPSW,etc.PersonwhoaccumulateACCcountby2inputendsenteredofcheckingetc.temporarilyasoneoperationoften,comefrompersonwhostore1operationisitisitmakeoperationtogoontocounttemporarily,operationresultandloopbackACCwithanotherone.Inaddition,ACCisoftenregardedasthetransferstationofdatatransmissionon8051inside.Thesameasgeneralmicroprocessor,itisthebusiestregister.HelprememberingthatagreeingwithAexpressesintheorder.Thecontrollerincludestheprocedurecounter,theorderisdepositted,theorderdecipher,theoscillatorandtimingcircuit,etc.Theprocedurecounterismadeupofcounterof8fortwo,amountsto16.Itisabyteaddresscounteroftheprocedureinfact,thecontentisthenextIAthatwillcarriedoutinPC.Thecontentwhichchangesitcanchangethedirectionthattheprocedurecarriesout.Shakethecircuitin8051one-chipcomputers,onlyneedouterquartzcrystalandfrequencytofinelytunetheelectriccapacity,itsfrequencyrangeisits12MHZof.Thispulsesignal,as8051basicbeatsofworking,namelytheminimumunitoftime.8051isthesameasothercomputers,theworkinharmonyunderthecontrolofthebasicbeat,justlikeanorchestraaccordingtothebeatplaythatiscommanded.

ThereareROM（procedurememory,canonlyread）andRAMin8051slices（datamemory,canisitcanwrite）twotoread,theyhaveeachindependentmemoryaddressspace,disposewaytobethesamewithgeneralmemoryofcomputer.Procedure8051memoryand8751sliceprocedurememorycapacity4KB,addressbeginfrom0000H,usedforpreservingtheprocedureandformconstant.Data8051-87518031ofmemorydatamemory128B,addressfalse00FH,useformiddleresulttodepositoperation,thedataarestoredtemporarilyandthedataarebufferedetc..

InRAMofthis128B,thereisunitof32bytesesthatcanbeappointedasthejobregister,thisandgeneralmicroprocessorisdifferent,8051sliceRAMandjobregisterrankoneformationthesametoarrangethelocation.ItisnotverythesamethatthememoryofMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerandgeneralcomputerdisposesthewayinaddition.Generalcomputerforfirstaddressspace,ROMandRAMcanarrangeindifferentspacewithintherangeofthisaddressatwill,namelytheaddressesof

ROMandRAM,withdistributingdifferentaddressspaceinaformation.Whilevisitingthememory,correspondingandonlyanaddressMemoryunit,canROM,itcanbeRAMtoo,andbyvisitingtheordersimilarly.ThiskindofmemorystructureiscalledthestructureofPrinceton.8051memoriesaredividedintoprocedurememoryspaceanddatamemoryspaceonthephysicsstructure,therearefourmemoryspacesinall:

Theprocedurestoresinoneanddatamemoryspaceoutsidedatamemoryandoneinprocedurememoryspaceandoneoutsideone,thestructureformsofthiskindofproceduredeviceanddatamemoryseparatedformdatamemory,calledHarvardstructure.Butusetheanglefromusers,8051memoryaddressspaceisdividedintothreekinds:

（1）Intheslice,arrangeblocksofFFFFH,0000Hoflocation,inunisonoutsidetheslice（use16addresses）.

（2）Thedatamemoryaddressspaceoutsideoneof64KB,theaddressisarrangedfrom0000H64KBFFFFH（with16addresses）tootothelocation.（3）Datamemoryaddressspaceof256B（use8addresses）.Threeabove-mentionedmemoryspaceaddressesoverlap,fordistinguishinganddesigningtheordersymbolofdifferentdatatransmissionintheinstructionsystemof8051:

CPUvisitslice,ROMorderspendMOVC,visitblockRAMorderusesMOVXoutsidetheslice,RAMorderusesMOVtovisitinslice.

8051one-chipcomputerhavefour8walkabreastI/Oport,callP0,P1,P2andP3.Eachportis8accuratetwo-waymouths,accountsfor32pinsaltogether.EveryoneI/Olinecanbeusedasintroductionandexportedindependently.Eachportincludesalatch（namelyspecialfunctionregister）,oneexportsthedriverandaintroductionbuffer.Makedatacanlatchwhenoutputting,datacanbufferwhenmakingintroduction,butfourfunctionofpasswaytheseself-same.fourportthesemayserveasaccuratetwo-waymouthofI/Oincommonuse.Expandamongthesystemofmemoryoutsidehavingslice,P2mouthseehigh8addressoff;P0mouthisatwo-waybus,sendtheintroductionof8lowaddressesanddata/exportintimesharing

Outputgrade,P3ofmouth,P1ofmouth,connectwithinsidehaveloadresistanceofdrawing,everyoneoftheycandrive4ModelLSTTLloadtooutput.Aswhileinputtingthemouth,anyTTLorNMOScircuitcandriveP1of8051one-chip

computersasP3mouthinanormalway.Becausedrawresistanceonoutputgradeofthemhave,canopenawaycollectortooordrain-sourceresistanceisiturgetoopenaway,donotneedtohavetheresistanceofdrawingouterly.Mouthsareallaccuratetwo-waymouthstoo.Whentheconductisinput,mustwritethecorrespondingportlatchwith1first.Asto80C51one-chipcomputer,portcanonlyoffermilliampereofoutputelectriccurrents,isitoutputmouthgowhenurgingoneordinarybasingoftransistortoregardas,shouldcontactaresistanceamongtheportandtransistorbase,inordertotheelectricitywhilerestrainingthehighlevelfromexportingP1~P3Beingrestoredtothethroneistheoperationofinitializingofanone-chipcomputer.ItsmainfunctionistoturnPCinto0000Hinitially,maketheone-chipcomputerbegintoholdtheconductprocedurefromunit0000H.Exceptthattheonesthatenterthesystemareinitializednormally,asbecauseprocedureoperateitmakemistakesoroperatetherearen'tmistake,inordertoextricateoneselffromapredicament,needtobepressedandrestoredtothethronethekeyrestartingtoo.Itisaninputendwhichisrestoredtothethronethesignalin8051ChinaRSTpin.Restoretothethronesignalhighleveleffective,shouldsustain24shakecycle（namely2machinecycles）theaboveitseffectivetimes.If6offrequencyofutilizationbrillianttoshake,restoretothethronesignaldurationshouldexceed4delicatetofinishrestoringtothethroneandoperating.Producethelogicpictureofcircuitwhichisrestoredtothethronethesignal:

Restoretothethronethecircuitandincludetwopartsoutsideinthechipentirely.Outsidethatcircuitproducetorestoretothethronesignal（RST）handovertoSchmitt'strigger,restoretothethronecircuitsampletooutput,SchmittoftriggerconstantlyineachS5P2,machineofcycleinhavingonemore,thenjustgotandrestoredtothethroneandoperatedthenecessarysignalinsidly.Restoretothethroneresistanceofcircuitgenerally,electriccapacityparametersuitablefor6brillianttoshake,canisitrestoretothethronesignalhighleveldurationgreaterthan2machinecyclestoguarantee.Beingrestoredtothethroneinthecircuitissimple,itsfunctionisveryimportant.Piecesofone-chipcomputersystemcouldnormalrunning,shouldfirstcheckitcanrestoretothethronenotsucceeding.

Checkingandcanpopone'sheadandmonitorthepinwiththeoscillographtentatively,pushandisrestoredtothethronethekey,thewaveformthatobservesandhasenoughrangeisexported（instantaneous）,canalsothroughisitrestoretothethronecircuitgroupholdingvaluecarryontheexperimenttochange.

译文

51系列单片机的功能和构造

MCS51电脑芯片的构造和功能。

MSC51是因特尔企业生产的一系

列电脑芯片的名称。

这家企业在19