变速箱换挡叉的加工工艺及夹具设计中英文文献.docx

变速箱换挡叉的加工工艺及夹具设计中英文文献.docx

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变速箱换挡叉的加工工艺及夹具设计中英文文献

毕业论文附件材料

1英文文献翻译..............................................1

1.1Shiftgearbox............................................1

1.2变速箱的换挡方式......................................12

1英文文献翻译

1.1Shiftgearbox

Classificationusuallygearboxasfollows:

Manualtransmission

Thegeneralautomaticgearbox/commonautomatictransmissionwithtiptronic

CVTsteplessgearboxwithgearboxofthe/CVT

Dualclutchgearbox

Sequentialgearbox

（1）manualgearbox

Manualtransmission,alsoknownasmanualgear,Englishnameismanualtransmission,referredtoasMT,whichpushtheshiftlevertochangegearsmeshingpositioninsidethetransmission,changingthetransmissionratio,soastoachievethepurposeofspeed.Stepontheclutch,canmovetheshiftlever.

Theworkingprincipleofamanualgearbox

Themanualgearboxiscomposedofdifferentgearratioofthegeargroup,itsbasicprincipleisthroughthegeargroupworkindifferent,torealizethetransformationofgearratio.Asthekeylinkforpowerdistribution,transmissionmusthavethepowerinputshaftandtheoutputshaftofthebigtwo,togetherconstitutethetransmissiongear,isamanualtransmissionisthemostbasiccomponent.Thepowerinputisconnectedwiththeclutchshaftclutchtransmission,fromthepowertodirectlythroughtheinputshafttothegroup,thegearsetiscomposedofdifferentdiametergear,gearpowertransmissioneffectofdifferentproportionreachediscompletelydifferent,theusualshiftdrivingalsoreferstochangegearratio.

Next,letusthroughasimplemodeltotellyou,theprincipleofmanualgearboxshift.Belowisasimplestructuralmodelof3axis2speedgearbox.

Theinputshaft（green）isalsocalledthefirstshaft,connectedbyaclutchandengine,shaftandthegearisahardconnectedcomponents.Rediscalledtheintermediategearshaft.Enterthetwogearshaftandintermediateshaftisinconstantmeshstate,sowhentheinputshaftrotateswilldriveshaftrotation.Yellowistheoutputshaft,itisalsocalledthesecondshaftsandconnectedtothedriveshaft（onlyforrearwheeldrive,theprecursorisgenerallytwo）,andthenthroughthedifferentialdrivevehicles.

Whenthewheelrotatesthesamewithsplineshafttorotatetogether,atthistime,bluegearshaftcanoccuronthesplineshaftrelativefreerotation.Therefore,theenginestops,andthewheelisrotated,thebluegearandshaftinthestationarystate,andthesplineshaftwithwheels.Theprincipleandtherearaxleofthebicycleflywheelissimilar.Bluegearandsplineshaftiscomposedofasleevetoconnect,sleevewithsplineshafttorotate,butalsocanbefreetoslideonthesplineshafttogear.

Withthese,theshiftingprocessisverygoodunderstanding,whenconnectingsleeveandabluegear,enginepowerwillbetransmittedtotheoutputshaftthroughtheshaft,atthesametime,bluegearleftinfreerotation,butbecausethereisnoandsleeveengaged,soitdoesnotaffectthesplineshaft.Ifthesleevebetweenthetwobluegear,thegearboxinneutralposition,thetwobluegearonthesplineshaftrotatefreely,withoutmutualinterference.

Principleofaconventional5speedmanualgearboxshiftisthesame,onlythegearboxstructureincreasedthenumberofsleeveandthegearsets,sothatithasmoregear.Butthereverseisbasedontheintermediateshaft（red）andtheoutputshaft（blue）isaddedbetweenageartoachieve.Duetotheincreaseofagear,thereversegearwillalwaysrotatetowardothergearintheoppositedirection.Thegearbecauseonlytochangegearrotationdirectionfunction,soitisalsocalledtheidler.

5blocktwoshafttransmissionstructure,theinputshaftandthedrivinggearareintegratedintoawhole,simplifiesthestructureandsavesspace

Inadditiontothetraditionalthreeaxismanualgearbox,thewidespreaduseofcarsistwoaxismanualtransmission,itsstructureandthethreeshaftofthegearboxissimilar,onlytheinputshaftandintermediateshaftasashaft,thereforehastheadvantagesofsimplestructure,smallsizeadvantages,inaddition,italsohasthemiddlegeartransmissionhighefficiency,andlownoisecharacteristics,soitismoresuitabletobetheprecursorhomecargeneralcartransmissionform,iscurrentlythemostwidelyused,itsshortcomingsisnotsetupdirectgear,transmissionandfilethanthedesigncannotbetoohigh.Whiledriving,threeshaftgearboxusedisstillthetraditional.

Manualgearboxingeneral,isthroughthepushrodisconnectedorcabletocontroltheshift.Pushrodshiftcontrolconnection,moredirectbutvibrationwillbelarge;andthecabletypealthoughnovibration,buttheshiftisnotveryclear,itiseachtohavegoodandbad.Inadditiontoshiftthetwopuremechanicalcontrol,inaddition,andtheuseofelectronicshiftdeviceofmanualtransmission,whichcancombinethemeritsofpushandpulltheshiftbetweenthegood.Thiskindofgearboxintheshiftwhenthegearshiftlever,shiftingtothecorrespondinggear,thetransmissionwillbemotordrivethecorrespondingforkcontrolsleeveandthegearisengaged,sothatthereisnogearisnotclear,buttheshiftschedulecanbecontrolledintheidealrange.

So,agoodmanualtransmissionneedtohavewhatcharacteristic?

Thefirsttransmissionmusthavegoodgearhandle,eachgearpositionclear,havereasonablehorizontalandverticalstroke,intotheblockresistanceissmallandwithsuction.Whatismoreimportantis,thegeartoothbetweenthanarrangementmustbereasonable.Becauseeachgearpositionthandistribution,directlyaffectthecohesionpowervehiclesmovinginasmooth,usuallyrequirealowgearcaneffectivelyaccelerate,highblocktoachievehighspeedandefficient,andthedistancebetweeneachblockshouldbeuniform,otherwisewillbeveryeasytocausethechannelingshiftwhenthecar.

Analysisoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofmanualgearbox

AdvantagesObviously,whichissimpleinstructure,reliableperformance,manufacturingandmaintenancecostislow,andthetransmissionefficiencyishigh（theorywillbemorefuel-efficient）,also,becauseitispuremechanicalcontrol,shiftreactionisfast,andcanbemoredirectexpressionofdriver'sintention,andthereforemoredrivingpleasure,thesearetheadvantagesofmanualgearbox.Butcomparedtoautomatictransmission,itsoperationiscomplicated,andfrustrationingearswitchwhentheobviousdisadvantageisirreparable.

（2）automaticgearbox

AutomatictransmissionAT,thefullnameofAutoTransmission,whichiscomposedofhydraulictorqueconverter,composedofplanetarygearandhydrauliccontrolsystem,throughthehydraulictransmissionandgearcombinationtoachievevariablespeedmoment.

Comparedwiththemanualtransmission,automatictransmissionisverydifferentinstructureandusage.Themanualismainlyregulatedbydifferentgearcombinationtochangegear,andtheautomatictransmissionisthroughthehydraulictransmissionandgearcombinationtoachievethepurposeofchangingspeed.Hydraulictorqueconverterisoneofthemostcharacteristicoftheautomaticgearboxparts,whichiscomposedofapump,turbineandguidewheelandothercomponents,pumpwheelandturbineisacombinationofwork,throughtheliquidpumpwheeldrivestheturbinetorotate,andthewheelbetweenthepumpandturbinewheelthroughthereactionbetweenthepumpwheelandturbineimplementationthespeeddifferenceandimplementationofvariabletorquefunction,thedriver,youonlyneedtodifferentintensityslamthepedal,thegearboxcanautomaticallystoplifting.Sincethetorqueconverterautomatictransmissiontorquerangeisnotbigenough,soinalaterseriesseveralrowsofplanetarygeartoimproveefficiency,thehydrauliccontrolsystemwillchangewiththeenginetomanipulatetheplanetarygear,soastorealizetheautomatictransmissiontorque.Inordertomeetavarietyofrunningprocessneeds（suchasparking,reversing）,automatictransmissionalsohassomemanualshiftleverposition,likethePblock（Rblock（anchor）,aftertheblock）,blockN（neutral）,D（forward）,block.

Fromtheperformancethatthemoregearautomaticgearbox,thecarintheprocessofrunningmoresmoothly,accelerationisbetter,andmorefuel-efficient.Inadditiontoprovidingacomfortabledrivingfeeling,automatictransmissionalsohasinsurmountabledefects.Dynamicautomatictransmissionresponseisnotdirectly,whichmakesitinthe"drivingpleasure"slightlyshortage.Inaddition,becauseoftheuseofhydraulictransmission,theautomatictransmissiongearboxtransmissionpowerloss.

Tiptronicautomatictransmission

Handsappearedgearboxisinordertoimprovetheautomaticgearboxandoperatingeconomyandincreasethesetting,lettheoriginalcomputerautomaticshifttimebackintothehandsofdrivers.Atthesametime,ifinthecitytrafficin,oryoucanalwaysswitchbacktoautomatic.

Atiptronicautomatictransmissionisactuallyautomaticgearbox,firstappearedinaPorsche911,manualgearboxelectroniccontrolsystemthroughthesimulationoftheoperationofamanualgearbox.Itappears,givingthedriveragreaterdegreeoffreedomintheoperation,canblockuptheblockingorshiftpaddlesonthesteeringwheeltochoosetheirowngearandshiftthetimingright,therebygreatlyimprovingthedrivingpleasure.

（3）CTVnon-polartransmission

CVT（ContinuouslyVariableTransmission）,directtranslationisacontinuouslyvariabletransmission,whichiscontinuouslyvariabletransmission.Weoftensay,justasitsnameimpliesisthatthereisnoclearandspecificfile,whichoperateonsimilarautomaticgearbox,gearjumpprocessbutthe