考研《英语一》冲刺模拟试题及答案解析二考研模拟及答案解析.docx
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考研《英语一》冲刺模拟试题及答案解析二考研模拟及答案解析
2017考研《英语
(一)》冲刺模拟试题及答案解析
(二)
SectionⅠUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedweb.Fordecades,Americanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunication2,fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.
Now,4bombsexplodinginBaghdad,asuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere,9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.
11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12,nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStates,thewebsitesofmanyofthemajornewsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage(拼贴)of14video,audioreports,photographycollections,animatedweaponry15,interactivemapsandothernewdigitalreportage.
TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat.(245words)
1.[A]notified[B]publicized[C]followed[D]pursued
2.[A]means[B]medium[C]method[D]measure
3.[A]coverage[B]publication[C]convention[D]conveyance
4.[A]during[B]in[C]as[D]with
5.[A]report[B]demand[C]concern[D]prospect
6.[A]ability[B]chance[C]potential[D]power
7.[A]opportunity[B]perspective[C]message[D]response
8.[A]outlets[B]resources[C]circumstances[D]positions
9.[A]forallthat[B]nowthat[C]justas[D]asif
10.[A]subject[B]contribute[C]apply[D]subscribe
11.[A]Discouraged[B]Inspired[C]Impressed[D]Effected
12.[A]approach[B]usage[C]application[D]access
13.[A]radically[B]plausibly[C]orderly[D]hastily
14.[A]living[B]alive[C]live[D]lively
15.[A]destruction[B]displays[C]installation[D]contest
16.[A]capitalizing[B]embarking[C]broadcasting[D]operating
17.[A]accessible[B]desirable[C]feasible[D]available
18.[A]focused[B]rested[C]reckoned[D]depended
19.[A]continuous[B]perpetual[C]captive[D]temporary
20.[A]with[B]at[C]beside[D]near
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes:
emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheristheriseofdespotslikeHitler.Boththeseexamplesalsopointupthefactthatattitudescomefromexperience.Intheonecasetheexperiencewasdirectandimpressive;intheotheritwasindirectandcumulative.TheNaziswereinfluencedlargelybythespeechestheyheardandthebookstheyread.
Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinastrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordsarehighlyregardedbythem.
Anotherreasonitistrueisthatpupilsoftendevotetheirtimetoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.ToachildwhohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMexicohisteachersmethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans.
Themediathroughwhichtheteachercandevelopwholesomeattitudesareinnumerable.Socialstudies(withspecialreferencetoraces,creedsandnationalities),sciencemattersofhealthandsafety,theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom...theseareafewofthefertilefieldsfortheinculcationofproperemotionalreactions.
However,whenchildrengotoschoolwithundesirableattitudes,itisunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingorscoldingthem.Shecanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperiences.
Toillustrate,first-gradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,research,outsidereadingandall-daytrips.
Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbenegativeifshehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsonwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionasaresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.(377words)
Notes:
pointup(=emphasize)强调,突出。
touchupon触及。
creed信条,教义。
inculcation谆谆教诲。
cajoling哄骗。
21.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext?
[A]Anassertionismadeandtwoexamplesaregiventoillustrateit.
[B]Acontroversyisstatedandtwooppositepointsofviewarepresented.
[C]Awidelyaccepteddefinitionispresentedandtwomenaredescribed.
[D]Anideaisstatedandtworesultsofrecentresearcharesummarized.
22.Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovetextisthat
[A]attitudesaffectouractions.
[B]teachersplayasignificantroleindevelopingorreshapingpupilsattitudes.
[C]attitudescanbemodifiedbysomeclassroomexperiences.
[D]bytheirattitudes,teachersdon'taffectpupils'attitudesdeliberately.
23.Inparagraph6theauthorimpliesthat
[A]theteachershouldguidealldiscussionsbyrevealingherownattitude.
[B]insomeaspectsofsocialstudiesagreatervarietyofmethodscanbeusedintheuppergradesthaninthelowergrades.
[C]peopleusuallyactonthebasisofreasoningratherthanonemotion.
[D]children'sattitudesoftencomefromthoseofotherchildren.
24.Astatementnotmadeorimpliedinthetextisthat
[A]attitudescanbebasedonthelearningofuntruestatements.
[B]worthwhileattitudesmaybedevelopedinpracticallyeverysubjectarea.
[C]attitudescannoteasilybechangedbyrewardsandlectures.
[D]theattitudesofelementaryschool-agedchildrenareinfluencedprimarilybythewaytheyweretreatedasinfants.
25.Thetextspeciallystatesthat
[A]directexperiencesaremorevaluablethanindirectones.
[B]whateverattitudesachildlearnsinschoolhavealreadybeenintroducedathome.
[C]teacherscansometimeshaveanunwholesomeinfluenceonchildren.
[D]teachersshouldalwaysconcealtheirownattitudes
Text2
Anindustrialsociety,especiallyoneascentralizedandconcentratedasthatofBritain,isheavilydependentoncertainessentialservices:
forinstance,electricitysupply,water,railandroadtransport,andharbors.Theareaofdependencyhaswidenedtoincluderemovingrubbish,hospitalandambulanceservices,and,astheeconomydevelops,centralcomputerandinformationservicesaswell.Ifanyoftheseservicesceasestooperate,thewholeeconomicsystemisindanger.
Itisthiseconomicinterdependencyoftheeconomicsystemwhichmakesthepoweroftradeunionssuchanimportantissue.Singletradeunionshavetheabilitytocutoffmanycountries'economicbloodsupply.ThiscanhappenmoreeasilyinBritainthaninsomeothercountries,inpartbecausethelaborforceishighlyorganized.About55percentofBritishworkersbelongtounions,comparedtounderaquarterintheUnitedStates.Forhistoricalreasons,Britain'sunionshavetendedtodevelopalongtradeandoccupationallines,ratherthanonanindustry-by-industrybasis,whichmakesawagespolicy,democracyinindustryandtheimprovementofprocedureforfixingwagelevelsdifficulttoachieve.
Thereareconsiderablestrainsandtensionsinthetradeunionmovement,someofthemarisingfromtheiroutdatedandinefficientstructure.Someunionshavelostmanymembersbecauseoftheirindustrialchanges.Othersareinvolvedinargumentsaboutwhoshouldrepresentworkersinnewtrades.Unionsforskilledtradesareseparatefromgeneralunions,whichmeansthatdifferentlevelsofwagesforcertainjobsareoftenasourceofbadfeelingbetweenunions.Intraditionaltradeswhicharebeingpushedoutofexistencebyadvancingtechnologies,unionscanfightfortheirmembersdisappointingjobstothepointwherethejobsofotherunionmembersarethreatenedordestroyed.TheprintingofnewspapersbothintheUnitedStatesandinBritainhasfrequentlybeenhaltedbytheeffortsofprinterstoholdontotheirtraditionalhighly-paidjobs.
Tradeunionshaveproblemsofinternalcommunicationjustasmanagersincompaniesdo,problemswhichmultiplyinverylargeunionsorinthosewhichbringworkersinverydifferentindustriestogetherintoasinglegeneralunion.Sometradeunionofficialshavetobere-electedregularly;othersareelected,orevenappointed,forlife.Tradeunionofficialshavetoworkwithasystemof“shopstewards”inmanyunions,“shopstewards”beingworkerselectedbyotherworkersastheirrepresentativesatfactoryorworkslevel.(411words)
26.WhyistheinterdependenceoftheUKeconomymentionedinparagraph1?
[A]Topointuptheimportanceofthetradeunionpower.
[B]Tooutlineinbriefthegreatscaleofessentialservices.
[C]Toillustratethedanger