精品历年考研英语真题十六.docx

精品历年考研英语真题十六.docx

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精品历年考研英语真题十六

考研英语真题

SectionIStructureandVocabulary

Ineachsentence,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoicesintheANSWERSHEET.（15points）

1.Theboarddeemediturgentthatthesefiles________rightaway.

[A]hadtobeprinted

[B]shouldhavebeenprinted

[C]mustbeprinted（D）

[D]shouldbeprinted

2.Thelocalhealthorganizationisreported________twenty-fiveyearsagowhenDr.Audonbecameitsfirstpresident.

[A]tobesetup

[B]beingsetup

[C]tohavebeensetup（C）

[D]havingbeensetup

3.TheschoolboardlistenedquietlyasJohnreadthedemandsthathisfollowers________for.

[A]bedemonstrating

[B]demonstrate

[C]hadbeendemonstrating（C）

[D]havedemonstrated

4.Tedhastoldmethathealwaysescapes________ashehasgotaveryfastsportscar.

[A]tofine

[B]tobefined

[C]beingfined（C）

[D]havingbeenfined

5.MorethanonethirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,________inSanFrancisco.

[A]previously

[B]predominantly

[C]practically（B）

[D]permanently

6.Prof.Lee’sbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.

[A]thatyouhaveobserved

[B]thathowyouhaveobserved

[C]howthatyouhaveobserved（D）

[D]howwhatyouhaveobserved

7.Allflights________becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.

[A]werecanceled

[B]hadbeencanceled

[C]havingcanceled（D）

[D]havingbeencanceled

8.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably________reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.

[A]concise

[B]clear

[C]precise（A）

[D]elaborate

9.Withprices________somuch,it’shardforthecompanytoplanabudget.

[A]fluctuating

[B]waving

[C]swinging（A）

[D]vibrating

10.Expertssaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto________healthy.

[A]preserve

[B]stay

[C]maintain（B）

[D]reserve

11.Expectednoisesareusuallymore________thanunexpectedonesofthelikemagnitude.

[A]manageable

[B]controllable

[C]tolerable（C）

[D]perceivable

12.Itisn’tsomuchwhetherheworkshard;thequestioniswhetherheworks________.

[A]aboveall

[B]inall

[C]atall（C）

[D]afterall

13.Thereisanincorrectassumptionamongscientistsandmedicalpeoplethateveryoneagrees________whatconstitutesabenefittoanindividual.

[A]on

[B]with

[C]to（A）

[D]in

14.Alltheinformationwehavecollectedinrelationtothatcase________verylittle.

[A]makesupfor

[B]addsupto

[C]comesupwith（B）

[D]putsupwith

15.Areallypowerfulspeakercan________thefeelingsoftheaudiencetothefeverofexcitement.

[A]workout

[B]workover

[C]workat（D）

[D]workup

16.Beforethestudentssetoff,theyspentmuchtimesettingalimit________theexpensesofthetrip.

[A]to

[B]about

[C]in（A）

[D]for

17.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe________ofmaturity.

[A]fulfillment

[B]achievement

[C]establishment（B）

[D]accomplishment

18.FromthetearsinNedra’seyeswecandeducethatsomethingsad________.

[A]musthaveoccurred

[B]wouldhaveoccurred

[C]mightbeoccurring（A）

[D]shouldoccur

19.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeeting________youdon’tmindtakingthenighttrain.

[A]provided

[B]unless

[C]though（A）

[D]until

20.Hardlyamonthgoesbywithout________ofanothersurveyrevealingnewdepthsofscientificilliteracyamongU.S.citizens.

[A]words

[B]aword

[C]theword（D）

[D]word

21.Ifyou________JerryBrownuntilrecently,you’dthinkthephotographontherightwasstrange.

[A]shouldn’tcontact

[B]didn’tcontact

[C]weren’ttocontact（D）

[D]hadn’tcontacted

22.Someteenagersharborageneralizedresentmentagainstsociety,which________themtherightsandprivilegesofadults,althoughphysicallytheyaremature.

[A]deprives

[B]restricts

[C]rejects（D）

[D]denies

23.Imustgonow.________,ifyouwantthatbookI’llbringitnexttime.

[A]Incidentally

[B]Accidentally

[C]Occasionally（A）

[D]Subsequently

24.Thereisnoreasontheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,________theycanlimithowmuchwateryoudrink.

[A]muchmorethan

[B]nomorethan

[C]nolessthan（D）

[D]anymorethan

25.Though________inSanFrancisco,DaveMitchellhadalwayspreferredtorecordtheplainfactsofsmall-townlife.

[A]raised

[B]grown

[C]developed（A）

[D]cultivated

26.Mostelectronicdevicesofthiskind,________manufacturedforsuchpurposes,aretightlypacked.

[A]thatare

[B]asare

[C]whichis（B）

[D]itis

27.Asforthewinter,itisinconvenienttobecold,withmostof________furnacefuelisallowedsavedforthedawn.

[A]what

[B]that

[C]which（A）

[D]such

28.AchievingahighdegreeofproficiencyinEnglishasaforeignlanguageisnotamysterious________withoutscientificbasic.

[A]process

[B]practice

[C]procedure（A）

[D]program

29.Wecannotalways________thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.

[A]hangon

[B]counton

[C]holdon（B）

[D]comeon

30.Thestormsweepingoverthisareanowissuretocause________ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.

[A]rarity

[B]scarcity

[C]invalidity（B）

[D]variety

SectionIIReadingComprehension

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C],and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.（30points）

Text1

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?

JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds;attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands;ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1,000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourhislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.

Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacitytospeak.Whatisspecialaboutman’sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern“toy-bear.”Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain’sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild’sbabbling（咿呀学语）,graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdullstheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild’snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

31.ThepurposeofFrederickII’sexperimentwas________.

[A]toprovethatchildrenarebornwiththeabilitytospeak

[B]todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech

[C]tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak（B）

[D]toprovethatachildcouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage

32.Thereasonsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingismostprobablythat________.

[A]theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly

[B]theyareexposedtotoomuchlanguageatonce

[C]theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak（C）

[D]theirmothersarenotintelligentenoughtohelpthem

33.Whatisexceptionallyremarkableaboutachildisthat________.

[A]heisbornwiththecapacitytospeak

[B]hehasabrainmorecomplexthanananimal’s

[C]hecanproducehisownsentences（C）

[D]heoweshisspeechabilitytogoodnursing

34.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?

[A]Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.

[B]Encouragementisanythingbutessentialtoachildinlanguagelearning.

[C]Thechild’sbrainishighlyselective.（B）

[D]Mostchildrenlearntheirlanguageindefinitestages.

35.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothers,hewillinfuture________.

[A]haveahighIQ

[B]belessintelligent

[C]beinsensitivetoverbalsignals（D）

[D]notnecessarilybebackward

Text2

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic（官僚主义的）managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-v