国际政治经济学试题.docx

国际政治经济学试题.docx

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国际政治经济学试题

湘潭大学2006年下学期2005级《国际政治经济学》课程期末考试（B卷）

学院专业班级学号姓名

考试时间120分钟考试方式闭卷考试成绩

一、写出下列缩写的完整形式（每题1分,共10分）

EC______________

IAEA_______________

KEDO_______________

OAU_______________

TMD_______________

EMS____________

IMF_____________

NATO_____________

OPEC______________

CFSP_______________

二、把下列英文短语和句子翻译为汉语（共70分）

A．短语（每题0.5分,共10分）

1.TheAxisPower___________

2.MeijiRestoration___________

3.Economicviability_________

4.Bubbleeconomy____________

5.TheBigBang_____________

6.stock-swaptransactionmechanism______________

7.DavosWorldEconomicForum____________

8.Therobbermentality___________

9.Industrialsyndicates____________

10.Nuclear,chemical,andbiologicallyweapons______________

11.Popularmind__________

12.NewWorldOrder___________

13.Incumbentparty__________

14.zero-sumgame______________

15.Politicaltemper____________

16.military-industrialcomplex_________

17.Territorialdisputes__________

18.Mutualconfidence____________

19.Statusquo_____________

20.Territorialandpowerambitions_________

B．句子（每题6分,共60分）

1.Optimism,yes.ButJapan’seconomicrevolutionwillnotsucceedwithoutafight.AgreatdealofresistanceremainsinsomeJapanesecircles-justifiablyso.TherevolutionarychangesintheJapaneseeconomicwillnotbringgrowthrightaway.Norwilltheyendtheeconomicupsanddownsanytimesoon.Thespeedandefficacyofthesereformswilllargelydependonhowcompaniesandconsumersimplementthem.

2.ARussiathatworksforitscitizensandplaysaconstructiveroleinworldpoliticswillbeaRussiathathaschosenwell.Toachievesuchanoutcome,anewsetofrulesmustbeestablished.Themostimportantstepistoseparatebusinessfrompoliticalpowerinordertofightcorruption.

3.Thepresentsystemofeconomicmanagement,wheremostlargeenterprisesarerunbyinsiderswhodisregardtheowners’rights,mustberadicallyreformed.Bankruptcylawsshouldbefullyenforcedtohelpeliminateincompetentmanagers,crooks,whoareunabletoadapttomarketrealities.Enterprisesthatholdontoworkersandproducenothingbutdebtsshouldbeclosedorsold.

4.TheThirdWorldwillbedefinedasagroupofcountrieswhichhavecolonialhistoriesandwhichareintheprocessofdevelopingeconomicallyandsociallyfromastatuscharacterizesbylowincomes,dependenceonagriculture,weaknessintradingrelations,socialdeprivationsforlargesegmentsofsociety,andrestrictedpoliticalandcivilliberties.

5.However,therewasanimportantdeviationfromthisperceptionoftheworld’seconomicdivisions.China’sMaoTse-tungproducedaverydifferentcategorizationinwhichUSAandtheUSSRconstitutedthefirstworld,Japan,theEuropeancountriesandCanadaconstitutedthesecondworld,whileAfrica,LatinAmericaandmostofAsiaformedthethirdworld.

6.Pluralisttheoryacknowledgesthatdemocraticcapitalistsocieties,includingtheUnitedStates,arenotpurelydemocratic;thatis,theydonotoperatebypuremajorityrule,But,accordingtopluralism,democraticcapitalistsocietiesofferaboutasmuchpoliticaldemocracyasispracticalinamodern,organizationallyandtechnologicallycomplexworld.

7.Accordingtopluralisttheory,moderncapitalistsocietiesarenotorganiccommunitiesthatcanberuledbyanysinglemajority.Rather,theyaretechnologicallycomplex,specializedsocieties,organizedaroundcompetingeconomic,social,andpoliticalinterests.Desirableornot,rulebyamajorityinsuchsocietiesisstructurallyunlikely,ifnotimpossible.

8.ThelackofanyrealinterestinEuropeancooperationbeforetheSecondWorldWarisrevealedinthefunctioningoftheLeagueofNations.Establishedin1919toprovideforinternationalcollectivesecurity,inpracticeitwasdominatedbytheEuropeansandhadsomepotentialasaforumfordevelopingunderstandingsandimprovingrelationshipsbetweentheEuropeanstates.

9.Itfailed,anddidsoforthreemainreasons,First,itsaimswerevagueandwereinterpretedindifferentways.Second,itwasintergovernmentalinitsstructureandthereforedependentontheagreementofallmemberstatesbeforeanyactioncouldbetaken.Third,andcrucially,thestateswanteddifferentthingsfromit;

10.AlthoughchangeisspreadingthroughoutJapan,revolutionaryreformsaremostprominentintwonewsectorsoftheeconomy:

communicationsandtechnology,thesametwosectorsdrivinggrowthintheUnitedStates,whichheraldatransformationofJapan’sentireeconomicstructure.

三．阅读理解（每题1分,共20分）

Passage1

ManyintheMiddleEasthavingdifficultyinadjustingthemselvestothenewsituationcreatedbythedepartureoftheimperialpowers.Forthefirsttimeinalmost200yeras,therulersandpeoplesoftheMiddleEastartehavingtoacceptthefinalresponsibilityfortheirownaffairestomaketheirownmistakesandtoaccepttheconsequences.Thisisdifficulttointernalize,eventoperceive,aftersolongaperiod.Fortheentirelifetimesofthosewhoformulateandconductpolicyatthepresenttimeandoftheirpredecessorsformanygenerations,vitaldecisionsweremadeelsewhere,ultimatecontrollayelsewhere,andtheprincipletaskofstatesmanshipanddiplomacywasasfaraspossibletoavoidorreducethedangersofthissituationandtoexploitsuchopportunitiesasitmightfromtimetotimeoffer.Itisverydifficulttoforsakethehabitsnotjustofalifetimebutofawholeeraofhistory.Thedifficultyismuchgreaterwhenalienculture,socialandeconomicpreeminencecontinuesandevenincreases,despitetheendingofalienpoliticalandmilitarydomination.

MilitaryandtoagrowingextentpoliticalinterventionbytheWesthasindeedended,buttheimpactofitsscienceandculture,itstechnology,amenitiesandinstitutionsremainsandevenincreases.Asinotherpartsofthenon-Westernworld,thisimpacthasbeenandwillbeenormous.Inthesecircumstances,itisnaturalthatMiddleEasternersshouldcontinuetoassume–andproceedontheassumption---thatrealresponsibilityanddecisionstilllieelsewhere.Initscrudestform,thisbeliefleadstowildandstrangeconspiracytheoriesdirectedagainstthosewhomtheyregardastheirenemies---Israel,andmoregenerallytheJews,theUnitedStates,andmoregenerallytheWest.Notheoryistooabsurdtobeassertedortoopreposteroustobewidelyandinstantlybelieved.Eaveamongmoreresponsiblestatesmenandanalysts,asimilarbeliefinalienpower,albeitinalesscrudeform,oftenseemstoguidebothanalysisandpolicy.Someevengosofarastoinviteoutsideintervention,presumableinthebeliefthatonlyoutsidepowershavethecapacitytomakeandenforcedecisions.AcaseinpointistheconstantappealtotheUnitedStatestoinvolveitselfintheArab-Israelconflict,oddlycoupledwiththerepeatedaccusationof“:

Americanimperialism.”

Thisstateofmindislikelytocontinueforsometime,withappealsforsupportoreveninterventiontotheUnitedStates,toRussiaandeventotheEuropeanUnion.Intime,nodoubt,MiddleEasterngovernmentsandpeopleswilllearnhowtousethiswindowofopportunitytothebestadvantage---thatis,ofcourse,ifthewindowremainsopenlongenough.

1.Theword“this”inthethirdsentenceofPara.1refersto________.

A.Thedepartureoftheimperialpowers

B．ThefinalresponsibilityoftheMiddleEasterncountriesfortheirownaffairs

C．Theconsequencecreatedbythedepartureoftheimperialpowers

D．ThefactthattheMiddleEasterncountrieshavetoberesponsiblefortheirownaffairs

2.TheMiddleEasterncountrieswereatalossafterthedepartureoftheimperialpowersbecause_________.

A.theywereratherbackwardandinbadneedofforeignassistance

B.theywereaccustomedtobeingruledbyanalienforce

C.theywereplungedintowarafterthedepartureoftheimperialpowers

D.theimperialpowersleftthemnothingbutdisorder

3．ItisnaturalforMiddleEasternerstoassumethat___________.

A.theirrealenemiesaretheWesterncountries

B.nocountriescansavethembuttheirown

C.itisuptotheirleaders,nottheordinarypeople,tomakedecisions

D.othercountriesshouldcometotheirhelpintimesofurgency

4.ThefactthattheMiddleEasterncountriesoftenrelyontheUnitedStatesinresolvingtheirconflictsshowsthattheybelievethat___________.

A.Americanimperialistsstillhavecontrolovertheworldaffairs

B.outsidepowersaremorecapableofeffectivedecisions

C.theyareweakerthanIsraelandcannotdefeatit

D.IsraelisassistedandmanipulatedbytheUnitedStates

5.Theauthorimpliedinthepassagethat_________.

A.ittakestimefortheMiddleEasternerstoadjustthemselvestothenewsituation

B.theworldwillbemorepeacefulifeachcountrylearnstocareaboutitsownbusiness

C.mostoftheunrestintheMiddleEastisattributabletoIsrael’saggressivepolices

D.theWesternpowersshouldstopinterferingwithothercountries`affairs

Passage2

TheAmericanRevolutionwasnotarevolutioninthesenseofaradicalortotalchange.Itwasnotasuddenandviolentoverturningofthepoliticalandsocialframework,suchaslateroccurredinFranceandRussia,whenusheredin,buttheywerenotbreathtaking.Whathappenedwasacceleratedevolutionratherthanoutrightrevolution.Duringtheconflictitselfpeoplewentonworkingandplaying,marryingandpraying.Mostofthemwerenotseriouslydisturbedbytheactualfighting,andmanyofthemoreisolatedcommunitiesscarcelyknewthatawarwason.

America’swarofimpendenceheraldedthebirthofthreemodernnations.OnewasCanada,whichreceiveditsfirstlargeinfluxofEnglish-speakingpopulationfromthethousandsofloy