高考英语 倒装语法及习题.docx
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高考英语倒装语法及习题
高考倒装语句
倒装：
把谓语动词放在主语之前为倒装。
一．全部：
整个谓语动词提到主语前面
㈠⑴so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语，表前面否定/肯定情况也适用第二主语，与前面谓语一样，但主语不一样，倒装。
与前面的谓语一样，主语一样，不倒装（他的确是这样）
如：
Sheisateacher.SoamI.IcanspeakFrench.Socanyou.
Theyhaveknownit.SohasMissYang.
Heisinterestedinpop–songs,andsoamI.
Yousayheworkshard,sohedoesandsodoyou.
题：
①Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.___________,and___________.
A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas,sohaveyou
C.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sohashe;soyouhave
②I’mgoingtoanamusementpark.___________.
A.SoamIB.SoareyouC.SoyouareD.SoIam
③IhopetovisittheSummerPalace___________.
A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.Yes,IdoD.Soyouhave
⑵当前一个句子中有不一样的谓语时，后一个句子也不用倒装而用itis/waswith+sb结构
如：
HewasborninBostonandgrewupinFrance.Soitwaswithme.
㈡表位移的副词，介词短语充当的状语位于句首，谓语动词为不及物动词时（have,there,now,down,out,upin,then，over,thus）
如：
Underthetreelie6littleboys.Nowcomesyourturntoplay.
ThedooropenedandincameMr.Green,ourheadmaster.
Nowcomesyourturn！
Thusendedthemeeting.
注：
以上词开头，如果代词为主语，不倒装，如为名词全倒装。
Herecomestheboy.Herehecomes.
OutrushedJohn.Outherushed.
Therecomesthestudent.Thereshecomes.
㈢表语位句首时.主要作用为保持句子平衡或上下文衔接。
结构为：
现在分词/过去分词/形容词/介词短语+系动词+主语
如：
Seatedinthefrontaretheleadersoftheschool.
Sittinginthefrontaretheleadersoftheschool.坐前面的为学校领导。
OnthedeskaresomeEnglishbooks.
Fastenedtothepolewasthenationalflag.
PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorGreen,ProfessorSmithandothersguests.
注：
such作指示代词放在句首时
如：
Suchisourplan.Sucharethefacts;noonecandenythem.
二．部分倒装:
把be动词，助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。
㈠用于省略if虚拟条件状语从句，若if中有had,should,were可省if,把三个词提前
were/should/had+主语+（not）其他成分
=If+主语+were/should/had（not）其他成分
如：
WereIyou（=IfIwereyou）,Iwoulddomorepracticeafterclass.
Hadyouarrived（=Ifyouhadarrived）atthestation6minutesearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.
Shouldhecome（=Ifheshouldcome）tellmetoringmeup.
题：
①___________hewouldhavesucceededintheexamination.
A.HadheworkedhardB.Ifheworkedhard
C.IfheworkshardD.Ifhehasworkedhard
②___________hereearlier,youwouldhaveseehim.
A.HadyoubeenB.IfyouhadbeenC.IfhehasbeenD.Ifheshouldbeen
③___________Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithyou.
A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou
㈡only修饰副词，介词短语，或状语从句，且放在句首。
如：
Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.
OnlywhentheWorldWarIwasoverin1918wasabletogetbacktowork.
注：
⑴在部分倒装句中，如谓语动词无助动词，则须找助动词来“帮忙”。
如：
Onlyafterthemeetinglearnedhethex
Onlyafterthemeeting
⑵Only修饰状语从句时，从句不倒装，主句倒，从句不倒。
如：
Onlywhendidhereturndidwefindoutthetruth.
Onlywhenhereturndidwefindoutthetruth.
题：
①Onlythen___________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.
A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealizedD.didsherealize
②Onlybytakingataxi___________ontime.
A.youcanarrivethereB.arrivethereontime
C.canyouarrivethereD.thereyoucanarrive
③Heremindedhisdaughterthatonlyafter______asecretaryandotherstaff______abletoconcentrateonmarketing.
A.shecouldafford;wouldshebeB.shewouldafford;shewouldbe
C.couldsheafford;wouldshebeD.couldsheafford;shewouldbe
⑶Only后为主语时不倒
如：
Onlyyoucantakethatjob.
④Onlyinthisway___________doitwell.
A.wecanB.wecouldC.mustweD.canwe
⑤___________canyouexpecttogetapayrise.
A.WithhardworkB.Althoughworkhard
C.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard
⑥Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday___________beabletowastemuchtime.
A.willdoB.canyouC.youwillD.youcan
⑦Only___________helpyou.
A.IcanB.canIC.couldID.mustI
⑧Everyoneofusmustknow,___________welivecanwesavetheearth.
A.bychangingthewayonlyB.onlybychangingtheway
C.byonlychangingthewayD.bychangingonlytheway
㈢让步和原因状语从句（将表语，动词或副词状语提前）
形容词系动词
名词（前无冠词）表原因：
as（或that）助动词
分词++主语情态动词
动词表让步：
as（though）谓语动词
副词倒装不倒装
如：
Althoughheisalittlechild,heknowsalot.
注：
有冠词时省略a
Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.
Strangethoughitmayseem,thetallestboyistheyoungest.
=Althoughitmayseemstrange,thetallestboyistheyoungest.
Prettyashewas,heknewalot.
Tryas/thoughyouwould,youmightfailagain.
=Althoughyouwouldtry,youmightfailagain.
Womanassheis,shecourageous.
=Althoughsheisawoman,sheiscourageous.
MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.
MuchasIlikeyou,Iwillnotmarryyou.
=AlthoughIlikeyoumuch,Iwillnotmarryyou.
Cowardashewas,heranawayassoonastheenemyattacked.
=Becausehewasacoward,heranaway
assoonastheenemyattacked.
Surroundedashewasbytheenemy,hewasnotafraid.
=Althoughhewassurroundedbytheenemy,hewasnotafraid.
Absorbedashewasinthebook,hedidnotnoticemyenteringtheroom.
=Becausehewasabsorbedinthebook,hedidnotnoticemyenteringtheroom.
Hardashestudies,hecannotpasstheexam.
=Althoughhestudieshard,hecannotpasstheexam.
题：
①___________，hedoesn’tstudywell.
A.AsheiscleverB.HeisascleverC.CleverasheisD.Ascleverheis
②___________,theworkersinthetransistorplanthavemadegreatattributionstothecountry.
A.AstheyareyoungB.Youngastheyare
C.AsyoungaretheyD.Youngthoughtheyare
③___________,wecanneverbecompletelysatisfied.
A.TostrangleaswemayB.Strugglinglikewe
C.StruggleaswemayD.Aswemaystruggle
④___________Ihaveneverseenanyonewho’sascapableasJohn.
A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuch
C.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIhavetraveledsomuch
⑤Theysuggestthenumberofcarsshouldbelimitedtostopairpollution___________,theideaisnotverypractical___________,theideaisnotverypractical.
A.GoodasitsoundsB.Asitsoundsgood
C.AsgooditsoundsD.Soundsgoodasit
⑥___________,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.
A.StrangeasitmightsoundB.Asitmightsoundstrange
C.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasmightitsound
㈣⑴so+adj/adv+that从句so放在句首时，主句倒装，that从句不倒装
如：
SoclearlydoesshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.
Soeasyisitthatachildcanlearnit.
Suchanicependoeshehasthathelikesitverymuch.
SomanyquestionsdidtheyaskmethatIgotconfused.
Socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.
Sofrightenedwassheinthedarknessthatshedidn’tdaretomove.
SomanyquestionsdidtheyaskmethatIgotconfused.
Somuchdoesheworryabouthispositionthathecannotsleepatnight.
题：
①___________thatIcouldn’tbeabsorbedinthework.
A.TheymadesuchtalkedB.Soloudlytheytalked
C.ItwasnoiseoutsideD.Suchaloudnoisedidtheymake
②___________thathecouldnotspeakforalongtime.
A.SofrightenedwasheB.Sofrightenedhewas
C.WashesofrightenedD.Frightenedwashe
③So___________thatnofishcanliveinit.
A.thelakeisshallowB.shallowthelakeis
C.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallow
注：
如such/so位于句首修饰主语时，不倒装
如：
Sofewpeoplecametohisbirthdaypartythathefeltdisappointed.
⑴sothat可引导目的从句，常与may,can,will,could,can连用；从句在后，从句前无逗号，意为“以便，为的是”。
如：
IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.
=inorderthat,但inorderthat可放主句前。
sothat不可以。
⑵sothat可引导结果状语从句，一般不用情态动词，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。
意为“因此，结果”。
①Hedidn’tplanhistimewell,sothathedidn’tfinishhisworkintime.
他没有计划好他的时间，所以他没有能及时完成工作。
②Hegotuplate,sothathewenttoworkwithouthavinghisbreakfast.
他起晚了所以没有吃早饭就上班去了。
③Theyhavewalkedalongway,sothattheyarealltired.
他们走了很长的路，所以都很累。
区别：
Heraisedhisvoicesothateveryonecouldhearhim.
他提高了他的嗓门以便于每个人都能听到。
Heraisehisvoice,sothateveryoneheardhim.
他提高了他的嗓门，结果每个人都听到了。
注：
如从句前的sothat可用inorderthat代替时，为目的状语从句；反之是结果状语从句。
如sothat之前有逗号时，为结果状语从句，反之为目的状语从句。
⑶so…that结构也是用来引导结果状语从句的，so为副词，用来修饰形容词或副词，意为“如此…以至于…”
+形容词或副词
so +形容词+a（n）+单数可数名词 +that…，如：
+many或few+复数可数名词
+much或little+不可数名词
Ihave had so many falls that I”m black and blue all over.
There was so much work to do that everybody got bored.
There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.
such…that作“如此…以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。
与so…that意思一样，但用法不一样
1）such＋a（an）＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that…clause
Heissuchacleverboythateverybodylikeshim.
2）such＋adj.＋复数可数名词＋that…clause
TheyaresuchinterestingnovelsthatIwanttoreadthemonceagain.
3）such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that…clause
Hehasmadesuchgreatprogressthattheteachersarepleasedwithhim
注意：
⑴如果such后边的名词前由many、much、few、little等词所修饰的话，则不用such而用so,little特殊，such+little小，so+little少。
⑵so+adj/adv+that否定句，意为“如此，以至于不能”。
①如果that从句为否定句，且主从句的主语一致时用“too…to”句型来转换。
Hewassoyongthathecouldn’tgotoschool.
=Hewastooyoungtogotoschool.
2如果that从句为否定句，且主从句的主语不一致时用“too…forsbto…”句型来转换。
这里的for后的sb是原从句主语的宾格形式。
Ispokesoquicklythattheycouldn’tunderstandme.
=Ispoketooquicklyforthemtounderstand.
3that从句是肯定句，且主从句的主语一致时用“…enoughtodo…”句型来转换。
Thegirlissooldthatshecangotoschool.
=Thegirlisoldenoughtogotoschool.
4that从句是肯定句，且主从句的主语不一致时用“...enoughforsbtodo…”句型来转换。
Thequestionissoeasythatwecananswerit.
=Thequestioniseasyenoughforustoanswerit.
5如果that从句为否定句,可用…notenough（forsb）todo句型来转换，但enough的形容词或副词应为原句中的so后形容词或副词的反义词。
Theroomissosmallthatitcan’thold600people.
=Theroomistoosmalltohold600people.
=Theroomisn
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