高三英语上学期期中考试试题.docx

高三英语上学期期中考试试题.docx

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高三英语上学期期中考试试题

英语

本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，总分值120分，考试用时120分钟。

本卷须知：

1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卷上。

2．选择题每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卷的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卷和答题卡收回。

第一部分阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕

第一节〔共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分〕

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Giveitfiveminutes

Iusedtobeahothead.Wheneveranyonesaidanything,I’dthinkofawaytodisagree.I’dpushbackhardifsomethingdidn’tfitmyworld-view.

It’slikeIhadtobefirstwithanopinion — asifbeingfirstmeantsomething.ButwhatitreallymeantwasthatIwasn’tthinkinghardenoughabouttheproblem.Thefasteryoureact,thelessyouthink.Notalways,butoften.

Thiscametoaheadbackin2007.IwasspeakingattheBusinessInnovationFactoryconferenceinProvidence,RI.SowasRichardSaulWurman.AftermytalkRichardcameuptointroducehimselfandcomplimentmytalk.Thatwasverygenerousofhim.Hecertainlydidn’thavetodothat.

AndwhatdidIdo?

Ipushedbackathimaboutthetalkhegave.Whilehewasmakinghispointsonstage,IwastakinganinventoryofthethingsIdidn’tagreewith.Andwhenpresentedwithanopportunitytospeakwithhim,Iquicklypushedbackatsomeofhisideas.Imusthaveseemedlikesuchanasshole.

Hisresponsechangedmylife.Itwasasimplething.Hesaid〝Man,giveitfiveminutes.〞Iaskedhimwhathemeantbythat?

Hesaid,it’sfinetodisagree,it’sfinetopushback,it’sgreattohavestrongopinionsandbeliefs,butgivemyideassometimetosetinbeforeyou’resureyouwanttoargueagainstthem.〝Fiveminutes〞represented〝think〞,notreact.Hewastotallyright.Icameintothediscussionlookingtoprovesomething,notlearnsomething.

Thiswasabigmomentforme.

Richardhasspenthiscareerthinkingabouttheseproblems.He’sgivenit30years.AndIgaveitjustafewminutes.Now,certainlyhecanbewrongandIcouldberight,butit’sbettertothinkdeeplyaboutsomethingfirstbeforebeingsocertainyou’reright.

There’salsoadifferencebetweenaskingquestionsandpushingback.Pushingbackmeansyoualreadythinkyouknow.Askingquestionsmeansyouwanttoknow.Askmorequestions.

Learningtothinkfirstratherthanreactquickisalife-longpursuit.It’stough.IstillgethotsometimeswhenIshouldn’t.ButI’mreallyenjoyingallthebenefitsofgettingbetter.

Ifyouaren’tsurewhythisisimportant,thinkaboutthisquotefromJonathanIveregardingSteveJobs’reverence（respect）forideas:

AndjustasStevelovedideas,andlovedmakingstuff,hetreatedtheprocessofcreativitywitharareandawonderfulreverence.Yousee,Ithinkhebetterthananyoneunderstoodthatwhileideasultimatelycanbesopowerful,theybeginasfragile,barelyformedthoughts,soeasilymissed,soeasilycompromised,soeasilyjustsquished.

That’sdeep.Ideasarefragile.Theyoftenstartpowerless.They’rebarelythere,soeasytoignoreorskipormiss.

Therearetwothingsinthisworldthattakenoskill:

1.Spendingotherpeople’smoneyand2.Dismissinganidea.

Dismissinganideaissoeasybecauseitdoesn’tinvolveanywork.Youcanscoffatit.Youcanignoreit.Youcanpuffsomesmokeatit.That’seasy.Thehardthingtodoisprotectit,thinkaboutit,letitmarinate,exploreit,riffonit,andtryit.Therightideacouldstartoutlifeasthewrongidea.

Sonexttimeyouhearsomething,orsomeone,talkaboutanidea,pitchanidea,orsuggestanidea,giveitfiveminutes.Thinkaboutitalittlebitbeforepushingback,beforesayingit’stoohardorit’stoomuchwork.

Thosethingsmaybetrue,buttheremaybeanothertruthintheretoo:

Itmaybeworthit.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewordhotheadfromthefirstparagraph?

A.SupportiveB.FastC.NervousD.Aggressive

2.WhatdidtheauthordowhileRichardwastalkinginthebusinessconference?

A.Hekeptnotesforthingsthathedidnotagreewith.B.HepushedRichardandbeathim.

C.Hewaspreparingforhisownspeech.D.Hewasgettingreadytocomplimenthim.

3.WhichofthefollowingisthereasonforquotingJonathanIve?

A.TheauthorthinksSteveJobsisthebestwhenitcomestocreativity.

B.TheauthorisinspiredbySteveJob'sattitudetowardsnewideas.

C.TheauthorrespectsSteveJobbecauseheiscreativeandhelikesideas.

D.TheauthorthinksSteveJobhasideasthatarestrongandpowerfulandarehardtomiss.

4.Whatisthecoreargumentthattheauthorputforward?

A.Dismissingideasisaneffortlessthingtodosoyoushouldalwaysprotectideascarefully.

B.Therightideaalwaysstartsfromawrongideaandyouneedtoprotectitfrombeingdismissed.

C.Oneshouldbecarefulwhenitcomestojudgeanewidea.

D.Everyidea,whetherpowerfulorfragile,deservesfiveminutes

B

Batsareimpressivecreatures.TheyareknowntocarrydangerousdiseaseslikeSARSwithoutgettingsick.

Soresearcherswantedtoknow:

Howdobatsfightoffsomanydeadlydiseases?

Learningtheirsecretcouldhelpdoctorsbettertreathumanswhohavethesediseases,thereforesavingmillionsoflives.

Tosolvethisproblem,ateamofresearchersfromAustraliaandChinaanalyzedbatDNA.Thescientistsstudiedtwokindsofbats—theAustralianmegabat,knownastheflyingfox,andtheChinesemicrobat.Thescientiststhenarrangedthebatgenome（基因组）inorderbycomparingtheirDNA.

Theresearchersnowthinkthatthespecialimmunity（免疫性）toillnessthatbatshavemaybeconnectedtotheirabilitytofly.

Batsaretheonlymammals（哺乳动物）thatcantrulyfly.Flyingusesupalotofenergy.Theenergyburnedforflyingproducessomethingintheanimalcalledfreeradicals（自由基）.FreeradicalscandamageDNAandleadtodiseasessuchascancer.

However,batsarenotaffectedbyfreeradicalsproducedduringflight.ThereasonisthatbatscarryspecialgenestorepairanydamagedDNA.

Scientiststhinkthatbecausebatsflyandproducefreeradicals,they’veevolvedtocarrygenesthatshapedtheirspecialimmunesystem.

〝We’rethinkingthattheevolutionofflightledtoasortofeffect,influencingnotonlytheimmunesystembutalsothingslikeagingandcancer,〞saysChrisCowled,oftheAustralianAnimalHealthLaboratory.〝Wethinkwe’vereallyfoundsomethingspecial.〞

ResearchersbelievethatthisdiscoverymightonedaybekeytohelpinghumansfightdiseasessuchascancerthatattacktheimmunesystemanddamageDNA.

5.What’strueaboutbatsaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheycarrymanydeadlydiseaseslikeSARSsoit’seasyforthemtogetsick.

B.Batsaretheonlyanimalsthatcantelldirectionseasily.

C.Batsareamongthemammalsthatcantrulyfly.

D.Researchersstudiedbatstohelpsavepeople.

6.Accordingtoresearchers,batscanfightoffmanydeadlydiseasesmainlybecause________.

A.theyhavedevelopedspecialimmunesystemthroughevolution

B.theyareabletofly,whichburnsalotofenergy

C.freeradicalsintheirbodiescandamageDNAandcausediseases

D.theycarrynospecialgenestorepairdamagedDNA

7.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A.batsanddangerousdiseasesB.batsandtheirspecialimmunesystem

C.freeradicalsandimmunesystemD.waystocurecancer

C

Throughouthistorytherehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhocanmakeotherpeoplelaugh.Earlyclowns（小丑）oftenbothannoyedanddelightedaudienceswiththeircommentsandsongs.Theywerenotthesilentperformersseenintoday’scircusrings（马戏场）.Clownslosttheirvoiceswhenthelargethree-ringcircusesmadeitimpossiblefortheaudiencetohearthem.

Circusclownsgiveperformancesinvariousways.Walk-aroundclownsuseananimalorsomethingaspartoftheirperformance.Acarpetclownmovesaround,talkingwiththeaudienceandperformingwhiletheactschangeintherings.Thenthereareacrobaticclowns,ridingclowns,jugglingclownsandothers.

Everythingaclowndoeslookseasy,butit’snot.Makingpeoplelaughcanbehardwork.Clownsmustbeingoodphysicalconditiontopreventinjuries.Eachfunnymoveiscarefullytimedandwell-practiced.Mostclownshavealsobeentrainedasacrobats,jugglersoraerialartists,andmanyincludesuchskillsintotheiracts.

Generally,therearethreecategoriesofcircusclowns—whiteface,augusteandcharacter.Eachhasaspecialmakeupstyleandcostume.Eachhasatypicalactaswell.

Theneatwhitefaceisusuallyastrict,in-chargecharacterwhosetsupthepunchline（thepointofajoke）forthejokewithapartnerwhoistypicallyanauguste.Hisfacialfeaturesareneatlydetailedinredorblack,andhiscostumeslooksoloosewitharufflearoundtheneck.

AugusteclowngothisnamefromaGermannicknameforsomeonewhoisclumsy.Theaugustewearslight-coloredmakeup,butwhiteisusedaroundthemouthandeyes,andthere’sabigrednose.Thisclownperformsagreatdealofhumor.Anoversizedsuitorbaggytrousersallowfreemovementforalltheclumsyacts.Healsowearsbigshoes.

Characterclownsperformasdifferentpersonalities—cowboys,grandmothersorconcertconductors.Themostfamouscharacterclown,however,isthetramp.Trampsweardifferentstylesofmakeupandtorncostumes.Sometrampclownsarehappy-go-lucky.Othersareextremelysad.Stillothersactlikegentlemenwhojusthappentobeoutofmoney.

Clownshavealongandinterestinghistoryanduseserioustechniques.However,thechildrenandadultsatthecircusdon’tneedtoknowthesefactstogetreadyforfunwhentheyhear〝Bringintheclowns!

〞

8.AccordingtotheParagraph1,whydidclownslosetheirvoices?

A.Becausetheywantedtoavoidannoyingaudiences.

B.Becaus