开始使用美国ubnt airMAX wifi.docx

开始使用美国ubnt airMAX wifi.docx

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开始使用美国ubntairMAXwifi

GettingStartedwithairMAX

Contents

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∙1 ProductOptionsforDifferentScenarios

o1.1 PtPLinks

o1.2 PtMP

▪1.2.1 BaseStation

▪1.2.2 CustomerPremiseEquipment（CPE）

o1.3 Hotspots

∙2 FrequencyOptions

o2.1 900MHz（M900）

o2.2 2.4GHz（M2）

o2.3 3.xGHz（M3-M365）

o2.4 5GHz（M5）

o2.5 10GHz（M10）

∙3 AntennaOptions

∙4 LinkPlanning

∙5 BestPracticesforOutdoorWireless

∙6 WISPInformation

ProductOptionsforDifferentScenarios

Infixedoutdoorwirelesscommunicationstherearetwoprimarydeploymentmethodsusedfordistributingwireless:

Point-to-Point（PtP）,andPoint-to-Multipoint（PtMP）.

▪Point-to-Point（PtP）:

 Connectstwolocations,usuallymultiplekm,essentiallyforminganEthernetbridge.

▪Point-to-Multipointlinks（PtMP）:

 Connectsthreeormorelocations,usingoneBaseStation（orAccessPoint）andmultipleCPEdevices（Stations）connectedtotheAccessPoint.

PtPLinks

PtPlink

Thefollowingsuggestionsarebasedonreferencedistances.Realresultsdependonenvironmentalinterference,LineofSight,EIRPlimitsandotherfactors.Theproductsthatfollowaresortedbydistance;shortesttolongest.

▪Shortdistance （0-5km）

▪LocoM:

 Idealforveryshortdistancelinks.LowestcostPtPsolution

▪NanoM:

 Verypopularproductforshortlinks,frequentlyusedforvideosurveillanceduetoitsdual-Ethernetportcapability

▪Mediumdistance （5-15km）

▪airGridM:

 Idealforlowthroughputlinks,whereconnectivity,wind-loadingproperties,orlowpricearemoreimportantthanperformance.Non-MIMOdevice

▪NanoBridgeM:

 Providesincredibleprice/performanceformediumdistancelinks

▪PowerBridgeM:

 Stateoftheartdeviceformedium-longdistances.DoubletheRAMofotherproductsforadditionalperformance

▪Longdistance （15+km）

▪RocketMw/Dish:

 Industry-standardforlongdistancehighperformancelinks.Upto150MbpsTCP/IPthroughput.Distancesof100+km

▪HighPerformanceBackhaul

▪airFiber24:

 Forextremeperformance,theairFiber24productdeliversupto1.4Gbpsofactualthroughputatdistancesof5+kminthe24GHzband.However,undercertaincircumstancesyoucanuseitupto13km.

PtMP

PtMPperformancedependsonbothsidesofthelink,i.e.ifyouwanttoreachlongdistances,youmustchoosetherightBaseStationANDtherightCPEforeachcase.

BaseStation

Usuallylocatedonthetopofatower,buildingormast.Theheightwilldeterminemaximumcoverage.WhenplanningtheBaseStation,it'susuallyidealtoplanforanantennawiththesmallestcoveragethatstillcoversthedesiredarea.Antennaswithawiderbeamwidth,coveringawiderzonereachingmorestations,maybemoresusceptibletointerference,resultingindecreasedscalabilityandperformance.

PtMplink

▪LowcapacityandshortdistanceBaseStation （idealforstartersinareaswithlowinterference）

▪RocketMwithRocketOMNIantenna:

 upto60+concurrentstationswhenalldevicesareairMAXcapable.Highlysusceptibletointerference,recommendedonlyformoderately/highlyruralareas

▪HighCapacity&HighPerformanceBaseStations

▪RocketMwithStandardSectorAntenna:

 Industry-standardforBaseStations.Four90°orthree120°antennasfor360°coverage.300+stationsperBaseStation/APTower

▪RocketM-TitaniumandTitaniumSectorAntennas:

 New,high-performancesolutionforhighdensityareas.Variablebeamwidth（60-120°）antennasforscalablegrowth.500+stationsperBaseStation/APCellTower.SuperiorisolationandairSynctechnologytoavoidco-locationinterference

CustomerPremiseEquipment（CPE）

▪Shortdistance （0-3km）

▪LocoM:

 Lowestcostoption,shortrange,andleastdirectiveCPE

▪NanoM:

 SlightlygreaterrangethantheLocoMandmoredirective

▪Mediumdistance （3-7km）

▪airGridM:

 LowcostCPE,verynarrowbeamwidth,butnotMIMO（halftheperformanceofNanoBridgeM）

▪NanoBridgeM:

 HighlydirectiveCPE,betterrangeandlowernoise.

▪Longdistance

▪PowerBridgeM:

 Higherpowerdevice,highlydirectiveCPE,betterrangeandlowernoise,aestheticallypleasingcomparedtodish

▪RocketMwithRocketDish:

 Bestperformingoption,highercostthanintegrateddesigns,canbeunsightlyasaCPE

Note!

 Itisfinetousehigherperformingdevicesforshorterdistances.Asanexample,theNanoBridgeMwilllikelyoutperformtheLocoMforshortrangelinksduetotheantennaproperties.

Hotspots

The UniFiproductline isrecommendedforhotspotscenarios.Itofferscentralizedmanagement,guestportals,bandwidthlimits,multipleSSIDs,vouchersandmanyotherfeatures.

FrequencyOptions

Unlicensedfrequencies

Eachfrequencyhasdifferentcharacteristicsduetophysicsandutilization.Lowerfrequencieshavebetterpropagationcharacteristicsthanhigherfrequencies,andmayworkbetterinenvironmentswhereLineofSightisobstructed（trees,etc.）.However,thesebandsmayalsohavehigherlevelsofnoiseandinterference,soit'simportanttoselectthefrequencythatworksbestinyoursituation.

900MHz（M900）

AdvantagesandDisadvantages

▪+Bettertolerancefortreesandsmallobstaclesvs.higherfrequencies.

▪-Usuallyhighernoiselevels

▪-Only26MHzbandwidth

▪-Notunlicensedworldwide.

2.4GHz（M2）

AdvantagesandDisadvantages

▪+Worldwideunlicensed

▪-Onlythreenon-overlapping20MHzchannels（1,6,11）

▪-It’saverycrowdedband;there’salotofinterferencefromcordlessphones,SOHOWirelessRouter,otherWISPs,etc…

▪-40MHzchannelsnotrecommended

3.xGHz（M3-M365）

AdvantagesandDisadvantages

▪+300MHzbandwidthincountrieswhere3.4-3.7GHzbandisavailable

▪+Noise-freeinmostareas

▪-Only25MHzbandwidthincountrieswhere3.65GHzcanbeused.

▪-Requireslicense.

5GHz（M5）

AdvantagesandDisadvantages

▪+Worldwideunlicensed

▪+HigherEIRPlimits,allowhighergainantennas,andlongdistancelinks

▪+Largeamountsofspectrumavailable,easiertoco-locatenearbydevices

▪-Weakerpropagationvs.lowerfrequencieswhenobstaclesarepresent（trees,walls,etc.）

10GHz（M10）

Advantagesanddisadvantages

▪+Noise-freeinmostcases,veryusefulwhen5.8GHzbandiscrowded.

▪+VerysmallFresnelzone

▪-Onlyavailableinafewareas

▪-Licensedband

▪-RequiresperfectlyclearLineofSight

AntennaOptions

Directionalantenna

Highgainantennasplayanimportantroleinhi-performanceoutdoorwirelessforacoupleofreasons.

1.Theyprovidehi-gainamplificationofthesignalpowerresultinginhighersignalsandbetterlinkquality.

2.Theyarehighlydirectionalwhichgivesthemspatialfilteringcharacteristics,whichcanhelptoblocknoise–especiallyimportantinnoisyenvironments.

Antennasfallintothesecategories:

▪Yagi:

 Directive,usedforPTPandCPEapplications.Frequentlyusedinlowfrequencies,suchas900MHz,duetosize

▪Grid:

 Directive,usedforPTPandCPEapplications.Greatwind-loadingproperties.However,thistypeonlyworksinonepolarity（1x1）,solowerperformancethan2x2antennas（Dish,Panel,etc）

▪Panel:

Directive,usedforPTPandCPEapplications.Compactdesignisveryattractiveinsituationswheredishesarenotpreferred.

▪Dish:

 MostDirective,highestperformingairMAXantennasforPTPapplications.Usuallylargerandheavier.

▪Omni:

 Provides360degreesofhorizontalcoverage（omni-directional）.Idealforlowcapacityandwide-coverageAP/BaseStationapplications）

▪Sector:

 IdealchoiceforhighperformanceBaseStations.Offerhighergainanddirectivitythanomnidirectionalantennas.Usuallyofferedin60,90,or120degreeoptions.

LinkPlanning

Distanceisoneimportantfactorwhenyouconsiderlinkplanning.However,therearealsootherimportantfactors,suchasFresnelzoneandFadeMargin.

TheFresnelzone:

 TheFresnelzonedefinestheareasurroundingalineofsightlinkthatmustbefreeofobstructionsthatmightcauseoutofphasereflectionsthatcansignificantlydegradesignalquality.ThebelowimageshowsanexampleofanobstructionthatiswithintheFresnelzoneofthelink:

airLink:

 Inmanycases,calculatingtheFresnelzoneisacomplicatedtask,sinceit’snotasimple‘LineofSight’fromoneendofthelinktotheother.Therefore,UbiquitidevelopedairLink（alinkbudgetsoftwarewhichallowsinstallerstoestimatethelinkviability,providingimportantinformationsuchasFresnelzoneclearance,linkdistanceandestimatedsignalstrengthandperformance.

airView:

 Asitesurveyshouldbeconductedon-sitetoexamineenvironmentalnoiseofanarea.TheeasiestwaytoanalyzespectruminterferenceisusingairView,youcanfindastep-by-stepguidehere.Incasetheentirespectrumisverycrowdedyoushouldconsiderusingadifferentband.Forexample,if2.4GHzbandiscrowded,itmaywouldbeagoodideamovingto5.8GHzor3.65GHzband.

FadeMargin:

 Signalsstrengthmayfluctuatewithenvironmentalchanges（changeinseason,rainpatterns,etc.）.Therefore,operatorsusuallytakeintoaccounta15dB“fademargin”,inordertoguaranteeahighuptimerateandmorerobustlink.

BestPracticesforOutdoorWireless

▪ALWAYSuseshieldedcable（likeTOUGHCablePRO&CARRIERGrade）andproperlygroundalloutdoorradiostoavoidESDdamageandlong-termperformancedegradation.

▪Alignmentyourantennasproperly,makesurebothpolarities（orchains）havebalancedsignal.

▪EnableairMAXforsuperbperformance—it’sbasedonaproprietaryTDMAprotocolwhichresultsin:

▪Eliminationofhidden-nodes

▪Increasedthroughput,lowlatencyacrossnetworks

▪Highlyscalablenetworkswithmultiplestationsassociated.

▪Secureyourdevices

▪EnableHTTPS

▪Changedefaultcredentials

▪Usethelatestfirmwareavailable

WISPInformation