届浙江省十校联盟高三联考英语试题解析Word版.docx
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届浙江省十校联盟高三联考英语试题解析Word版
浙江省十校联盟2020届高三10月联考
英语试题
注意事项:
1.本卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟;
2.答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分:
听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节:
(共5个小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节:
(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Oneeveninglastsummer,11-year-oldOwenandhismomputonwhitesuitsandtapedtheirrainbootstotheirpantlegs.ThentheyeachgrabbedawoodenpolewithalargewhiteclothattachedtoitandstarteddraggingthetoolsthroughthetreesandgrassintheirWisconsinbackyard.
Theywerelookingforticks(扁虱虫).Owen’smom,AmyPrunuske,teachesmicrobiologyattheMedicalCollegeofWisconsininWausau.Shestudiesdiseasesthattickscarry.Owen,though,isknownasacitizenscientist.Citizenscientistsarepeople—youngorold—whohelpcollectdataforresearchprojects.Theyusuallyaren’tprofessionalscientists,oriftheyare,notinthefieldoftheproject.Still,theirworkcanbeincrediblyimportant.Citizenscientistscanhelptrainedscientistsgatherdatafromallovertheworld—evenfromspace.Theycanprovidenewideasandnewwaysofthinking.
Kidsoftenmakegreatcitizenscientistsbecausetheytendtobecuriousandgoodatfollowingprecisedirections.Sometimesthey’reevenbetteratthesethingsthanadults.Andschoolsareconvenientplacesforscientiststorecruitbiggroupsofhelpers.Asabonus,citizenscienceoftengetskidsmoreexcitedaboutscience.
Citizensciencetakesadvantagenotjustofmanysetsofeyeballs,butalsoofmanyminds.WhenprofessionalEuropeanscientistsinAustriaweretryingtofindhowbesttoencouragepeopletouselessenergy,theypartneredwithstudentcitizenscientists.Theadultscientistshadalonglistofquestionsforpeopleabouthowmuchenergytheyused.Rightaway,thestudentsnoticedsomeproblemstheadultshadn’tthoughtof.Thereweretoomanyquestions,thekidssaid.Andsomeofthosequestionsweretoocomplicated.
Thedayinthebackyard,Owenfoundtwoblack-leggedticks,animalssotinythey’reoftenhardtosee.Heandhismomtookthepeststoasummerprogramshewasteaching.There,heandotheryoungcitizenscientiststestedtheticksforthebacteriumthatcausesLymedisease,whichcausesfeverandheadachesandcanmakeapersonextremelytired.
1.WhydidOwengotocatchtickswithhismom?
A.Toprovidedataforprofessionalscientists.
B.Toprepareforhisownfutureresearch.
C.Tohelpherstudythediseasescarriedbyticks.
D.Topreventticksfromspreadingdiseases.
2.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph4?
A.Citizenscienceismostlycarriedoutatschool.
B.Studentsonlyhelpfindanswerstobasicquestions.
C.Studentscientistsaremorecreativeinscientificresearch.
D.Youngcitizenscientistshelpprofessionalscientistsalot
3.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ScientistsFindNewWaysofResearchB.KidsMakeGreatCitizenScientists
C.ScientistsNeedNewIdeasfromKidsD.KidsShowGreatInterestinScience
【答案】1.C2.D3.B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。
文章通过11岁的男孩欧文帮妈妈抓虱子,用来帮助研究虱子传播的疾病,指出孩子往往因为好奇和善于遵循准确的方向,是伟大的公民科学家。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第二段中Shestudiesdiseasesthattickscarry.Owen,though,isknownasacitizenscientist.Citizenscientistsarepeople—youngorold—whohelpcollectdataforresearchprojects.(她研究虱子携带的疾病。
然而,欧文以平民科学家而闻名。
公民科学家是帮助研究项目收集数据的年轻人或老年人。
)可知,欧文和他妈妈去抓虱子是为了帮助她研究虱子传播的疾病。
故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第四段中WhenprofessionalEuropeanscientistsinAustriaweretryingtofindhowbesttoencouragepeopletouselessenergy,theypartneredwithstudentcitizenscientists.Theadultscientistshadalonglistofquestionsforpeopleabouthowmuchenergytheyused.(当奥地利的专业欧洲科学家试图找到鼓励人们少用能源的最佳方法时,他们与学生公民科学家合作。
成年科学家给人们列出了一长串关于他们使用了多少能量的问题。
)可知,年轻的公民科学家帮助专业科学家很多。
故选D项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。
纵观全文,尤其是第三段中Kidsoftenmakegreatcitizenscientistsbecausetheytendtobecuriousandgoodatfollowingprecisedirections.(孩子们往往是伟大的公民科学家,因为他们往往是好奇和善于遵循准确的方向。
)可知,B项KidsMakeGreatCitizenScientists.(孩子是伟大的公民科学家。
)是最佳主题。
故选B。
【易错分析】Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ScientistsFindNewWaysofResearchB.KidsMakeGreatCitizenScientists
C.ScientistsNeedNewIdeasfromKidsD.KidsShowGreatInterestinScience
本题容易误选C项“科学家需要孩子们的新想法”,但文章中并没有提到这一点,只是说孩子们往往好奇,善于遵循精确的方向,属无中生有;D项“孩子们对科学表现出极大的兴趣”,文章中也没有提到这一点,属无中生有。
B
Whenpeoplearerudetotheirco-workersortreatthembadly,theyprobablydon’trealizetheunintendedvictimsintheencountercouldbetheco-workers,children.Womenwhoexperienceincivilityintheworkplacearemorelikelytoengageinstricter,moreauthoritarianparentingpracticesthatcanhaveanegativeimpactontheirchildren,accordingtotheresearchpresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.
“Thesefindingsrevealsomepreviouslyundocumentedwaysthatwomen,inparticular,sufferasaresultofworkplaceaggression,”saidresearcherAngelaDionisi,PhD,ofCarletonUniversity.Thisresearchalsospeakstoapreviouslyunacknowledgedgroupofindirectincivilityvictims,namelychildren.
Workplaceincivilityisanybehaviorthatisdisrespectful,impoliteorotherwisegoesagainstworkplacestandardsofrespect,accordingtocoauthorKathryneDupre,PhD,ofCarletonUniversity.“Wenowknowthattheoutcomesofworkplaceincivilityarevastandnegative,”saidDupre.Surveyresultsshowedthatincivilityintheworkplacewasassociatedwithmothersfeelinglesseffectiveasparents,whichcouldhelpexplaintheincreasedneedtoengageinstrict,controllingparentingbehavior,saidDupre.
Authoritarianparentshavehighexpectationsfromtheirchildren,withrulesthattheyexpecttheirchildrentofollowunconditionally.Atthesametime,though,theyprovideverylittleinthewayoffeedbackandseverelypunishanymistake,saidDupre.Theytendtohavelotsofregulationsandmicromanagealmosteveryaspectoftheirchildren’slives,valuingdisciplineoverfun.
“Researchsuggeststhatauthoritarianparentingismoreofanegativestyleofparentingascomparedtootherparentingstyles.Thisstyleofparentinghasbeenassociatedwithavarietyofnegativechildoutcomes,includingexhibitingaggressivebehavioroutsidethehome,beingfearfuloroverlyshyaroundothers,havingdifficultyinsocialsituationsduetoalackofsocialcompetence,”shesaid.
4.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“incivility”inParagraph1?
A.Rudeness.B.Panic.
C.Violence.D.Argument.
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafeatureofauthoritarianparents?
A.Theytendtobetoostrictwiththeirchildren.
B.Theysethighstandardsfortheirchildrentoreach.
C.Theywanttokeeptheirchildren’slifeundercontrol.
D.Theyattachequalimportancetodisciplineandfun.
6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Thecauseofmoreauthoritarianparents.
B.Theharmofworkplaceincivilitytochildren.
C.Thedifferentstylesofparentingpractices.
D.Theeffectsofhighexpectationsfromchildren.
【答案】4.A5.D6.B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。
这篇文章论述的是工作场所不文明对儿童的危害。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。
根据第一段中Whenpeoplearerudetotheirco-workersortreatthembadly,theyprobablydon’trealizetheunintendedvictimsintheencountercouldbetheco-workers,children.(当人们对他的同事无礼或对他们不好的时候,他们可能没有意识到在这次偶遇中意外的受害者可能是同事、孩子。
)可知,职场中不文明的女性更有可能采取更严格、更专制的育儿方式,这可能会对她们的孩子产生负面影响。
由此推知,划线词incivility的意思是“粗鲁”。
故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第三段中Authoritarianparentshavehighexpectationsfromtheirchildren,withrulesthattheyexpecttheirchildrentofollowunconditionally.(专制的父母对孩子有很高的期望,他们希望孩子无条件地遵守规则。
)和Theytendtohavelotsofregulationsandmicromanagealmosteveryaspectoftheirchildren’slives,valuingdisciplineoverfun.(他们往往有很多规章制度,几乎事无巨细地管理孩子生活的方方面面,重视纪律甚于乐趣。
)可知,D项“他们同样重视纪律和乐趣。
”不是专制父母的特征。
故选D。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。
第一段是文章的主题段,根据第一段中Whenpeoplearerudetotheirco-workersortreatthembadly,theyprobablydon’trealizetheunintendedvictimsintheencountercouldbetheco-workers,children.Womenwhoexperienceincivilityintheworkplacearemorelikelytoengageinstricter,moreauthoritarianparentingpracticesthatcanhaveanegativeimpactontheirchildren(当人们对他们的同事无礼或对他们不好的时候,他们可能没有意识到在这次偶遇中意外的受害者可能是同事、孩子。
职场中不文明行为的女性更有可能采取更严格、更专制的育儿方式,这会对她们的孩子产生负面影响)可知,这篇文章讲述的是工作场所不文明对儿童的危害。
故选B项。
【点睛】任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索,进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义,最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。
尤其要抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。
本题第1小题,根据第一段中Whenpeoplearerudetotheirco-workersortreatthembadly,theyprobablydon’trealizetheunintendedvictimsintheencountercouldbetheco-workers,children.“当人们对他的同事无礼或对他们不好的时候,他们可能没有意识到在这次偶遇中意外的受害者可能是同事、孩子。
”可知,职场中不文明的女性更有可能采取更严格、更专制的育儿方式,这可能会对她们的孩子产生负面影响。
由此推知,划线词“incivility”的意思是“粗鲁”。
故选A项。
C
Itisnosecretthatphysicalactivityisnecessarytoaperson’swell-being.Becausechildrenarecontinuouslydevelopingphysicallyandemotionally,theyareespeciallyaffectedbythebenefitsofactivity.FormerFirstLadyMichelleObama’sLet’sMoveinitiativereportsthatnearlyone-thirdofUSchildrenareoverweightorobese,andthat“schoolsareakeysettingforkidstogettheir60minutesofplaywithmoderateactivity,giventhesignificantportion(部分)oftimetheyspendthere.”
Physicaleducationprogramsinschoolsdirectlybenefitstudents’physicalhealth.Regularexercisepromotesmusclesandbonedevelopment.Inadditiontoparticipatinginphysicalactivity,studentsinP.E.learnthefundamentalsofahealthfullifestyle,thebuildingblocksuponwhichtheycandevelopintohealthy,knowledgeableadults.
ThoughthelackofattentiononP.E.isoftenjustifiedasan