现代大学英语V3z.docx

现代大学英语V3z.docx

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现代大学英语V3z

现代大学英语V-3

GoodsMove,PeopleMove,IdeasMove,AndCulturesChange

ByErlaZwingle

Teachingaims:

1.fullyunderstandthearticle;

2.Howtodevelopanargument.

Teachingdifficulties:

howtodevelopanargument

Timedistribution:

eightperiods

Teachingmethod:

students-centered

Teachingprocedures:

StepI.Lead-in:

Readthefollowing,payingattentiontothewordsinboldprint.

OnceIstartedlookingforthem,thesemomentswereeverywhere:

ThatIshouldbesittinginacoffeeshopinLondondrinkingItalianespresso（（cupof）coffeemadebyforcingboilingwaterunderpressurethroughgroundcoffee（一杯）蒸馏咖啡）servedbyanAlgerianwaitertothestrains旋律oftheBeachBoyssinging"IwishtheyallcouldbeCaliforniagirls...."OrhangingaroundapubinNewDelhithatservesLebanesecuisine[kwiˈzi:

n]烹饪tothemusicofaFilipinobandinroomsdecoratedwithbarrelsofIrishstout（typeofstrongdarkbeer（烈性的）黑啤酒,astuffedhippohead,andavintageposter葡萄酒海报announcingtheGrandOleOpryconcert乡村大剧院演唱会tobegivenatthehighschoolinDouglas,Georgia.SomeJapanesearefanaticsforflamenco（stronglyrhythmicaldanceperformedoriginallybySpanishgypsies弗拉明柯舞）.DenmarkimportsfivetimesasmuchItalianpasta意大利面食asitdidtenyearsago.TheclassicAmericanblond金发碧眼Barbiedoll芭比娃娃nowcomesinsome30nationalvarieties—andthisyearemergedasAustrianandMoroccan.

Question:

Whichwordcanyousummarizeonthebasisoftheparagraphabove?

“Globalization”.

Globalizationhasbecomeoneofthosewordswiththehighestfrequencyofappearancebutatthesametimeitisalsoamostcontroversialissueintermsofcontent,implicationandconsequence.Sincetheearly1990s,globalizationhasdevelopedrapidlyandbroughtgreatchangestotheworld.However,groupsofpeopleforvariousreasonsopposeglobalizationandpointtothenegativeeffectsofglobalization.Sowhenwefaceanarticleofsuchanimportantandsensitiveissue,weareapttoask:

Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsglobalization?

Whatmakesheradoptsuchanattitude?

Howdoesshepresentherargument?

StepII.Structureofthetext

PartI（para1—3）Globalizationisarealitybutitisnotsomethingcomplietlynew.Whatisnewisthespeedandscopeofchanges.

PartII（para4—6）thispartdealswithdifferentviewsonglobalization.

PartIII（para7—9）threepointsaremadeinthispart:

a. Westernizationisnotastraightroadtohell,ortoparadiseeither.

b.Culturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.

c. Teenagersareoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures.

PartIV（para10—13）thisparttellsoftheauthor’sexperiencewithAmandaFreeman.

PartV（para14—19）inordertoprovefusionisthetrend,theauthorusedTomSoperandmah-jonggasanexample.

PartVI（para20—24）thispartdescribestheculturaltrendsinShanghai.

PartVII（para25—28）theauthorusedtheexperienceatShanghaiTheatreAcademytoillustratethepointthatthechangeisatthelevelofideas.

PartVIII（para29—34）theauthorinthispartintroducedToffler’sviewonconflict,changeandworldorder.

PartIX（para35—36）themainideaistherewillnotbeauniformworldcultureinthefuture;thecultureswillcoexistandtransformeachother.

PartX（37—39）theauthoragainusedanexampleinShanghaitoillustratethetransformationofculture.

PartXI（40）Intheconcludingremark,theauthormakesclearherviewofglobalization.Shepointsoutthereasonwhyglobalizationisinevitable—linkingishumanity’snaturalimpulse.

StepIII.Detailedstudyofthetext

PartI（Paras.1-3）

Globalizationisarealitybutitisnotsomethingcompletelynew.Whatisnewisthespeedandscopeofchanges.

Para.1

1.Todayweareinthethroesof…“globalization”:

今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化巨变的阵痛，一种习俗与追求的结构性变化,用社会学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化，就叫“全球化”

Inthethroesof:

intheactofstrugglingwith（aproblem,decision,task,etc.）在产生...之前的斗争中

throe:

hardstruggleortrouble;acountryinthethroesofeconomiccollapse

Ifsomeoneisexperiencingsomethingveryunpleasantoremotionallypainful,youcansaythattheyareinthethroesofit,especiallywhenitisinitsfinalstages.

tectonic:

relatingtothestructureoftheearth'ssurfaceorcrust

wild:

inastateofdisorder,disarrangement,confusion,etc.

assortment:

variety,miscellaneousgrouporcollection;amixtureofdifferentthingsorofvariouskindsofthesamething;assortmentof

awideassortmentoffriends　

anoddassortmentofknivesandforks

dislodge:

todriveout,toforcefromapositionorplacewherelodged;toforceorknocksomethingoutofitsposition;Hedislodgedafewstonesasheclimbeduptherock.

want:

somethingneededordesiredbutlacking;need

2.Inplaceoftheoldwants…人们用新的需求取代原有的需求，用外地的产品满足自己的需求。

（1）Insteadofthetraditionalneeds,wefindnewneeds,demandinggoodsfromdistantandfar-offplacestomeetthesefeltneeds.

（2）Theobjectof“requiring’’is“theproducts”;“fortheirsatisfaction’’isanadverbialphrase,showingpurpose.

3.Q:

Howdoestheauthorbeginthisarticle?

WhydoesshequoteMarxandEngels?

Theauthorbeginsthearticlewiththestatement“Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures’’whichiscalledglobalization.Heretheauthorpointsoutthatglobalizationisaworldmovementandamovementofreformationofcultures.Shedoesnotsaymergingofculturesbutreformationofcultures,indicatingtheculturesintheworldwillcontinuetoexistbuttheywillnotbethesame.

Theauthorthensaysthatglobalizationisnotanexactwordtodescribethechanges.Why?

TheauthorquotesMarxandEngelstoproveherpoint.Accordingtopolls,MarxandEngelsareratedamongmostimportantpeopleinthepastthousandyears.Theauthor’sintentionistwo-fold:

ontheonehandshewantstoshowthatglobalizationistheresultofmodernindustryandworldmarkets,ontheothershewantstostressthatitisaprocessandahistoricalprocessatthat.

4.Theirstatementnowdescribesanordinaryfactoflife.他们那时的陈述描绘了现在生活中的普遍事实MarxandEngelsmadetheprediction150yearsago.Buttodayitisnotapredictionbutsomethingthathappenseveryday.

Paras.2-3

5.Howpeoplefeelaboutthisdependsagreatdealonwheretheyliveandhowmuchmoneytheyhave.

（1）Howwillyouparaphrasethissentence?

Theattitudeofthepeopletowardglobalizationistoagreatextentdeterminedbywhethertheyareinthedevelopedcountriesornotandwhethertheyareamongthehavesorthehave-nots.

（2）Commentontheauthor’sstatement.

Theauthoristoalargeextentcorrectinmakingthisstatement.AccordingtopollsintheU.S.,theattitudetowardsglobalizationhasalottodowiththelevelofincomeandeducation.Ananalysisoftheeconomicsituationintheworldinrecentyearsshowsthatmostofthebenefitsofglobalizationhavegonetothedevelopedworld.

HencethedissatisfactionandresentmentofmanyintheThirdWorld.

6.…globalization…isareality,notachoice.全球化“是一种事实，而不是一种选择”

Globalizationisnotsomethingthatyoucanacceptorreject,itisalreadyamatteroflifewhichyouwillencounterandhavetorespondtoeveryday.

7.Humanshavebeen…venturedafield.早在第一批骆驼商队冒险出外经商前至今，人们一直在编织着商贸和文化相互间的交往。

Peopleintheworldhavebeenmakingcommercialandculturalcontactslongbeforemerchantsoncamelbackstooktherisktotraveltoplacesfarawayfromhome.

（1）weaveconnections:

establishconnections

VERB+CONNECTIONhaveHisdeathhadnoconnectionwithdrugs.|discover,establish,find,make,seeResearchershavenowestablishedaconnectionbetweenairpollutionandasthma.Shedidnotmaketheconnectionbetweenherdietandherpoorhealth.|break,severShewantedtoseverallherconnectionswiththefirm.Theyweavedawebofliestofoolthepeople.他们编造了一套谎言来愚弄人民。

caravan:

acompanyoftravelers,esp.ofmerchantsorpilgrimstravelingtogetherforsafety,asthroughadesert

venture:

toundertaketheriskof,tobrave

afield:

away（fromhome）

8.…wroughtfundamentalchanges:

在19世纪，邮政服务、报纸、横跨大陆的铁路及巨大的蒸汽轮船带来了根本变化

wrought:

Ifsomethinghaswroughtachange,ithasmadeithappen;（pastparticipleofworkorwreak）toproduceresultsorexertaninfluence

9.Telegraph…betweenindividualsandthewiderworld.

（1）Telegraph…madetheconnectionbetweenindividualsandtheoutsideworldcloserbutatthesametimetheconnectionwasmorecomplex,lessdirect,notsoeasytoseeordetect.

（2）电报、电话、收音机和电视把个人和外部世界更紧密地连在一起,这种联系更为复杂、不那么直接也不易察觉。

（3）Theauthoruses“intricate’’and“complicated”todescribetheconnectionbecausewiththeemergenceofadvancedtechnology,theconnectionisnotonlyfasterbutalsomoredifficulttosee,toexplain.Forexample,connectionwiththeoutsideworldthroughwatchingcableTVorlisteningtoradioislesstangibleandmuchlessdirectthancamelcaravans.Buttheconnectionisestablished.TelegraphandInternetconnectionsareexamples.ConnectionsmightbeestablishedthroughtheInternet,yetyoumaynothavemettheperson.

Intricate:

madeupofmanysmallpartsputtogetherinacomplexway,andthereforedifficulttofolloworunderstand错综复杂的;anovelwithanintricateplot情节错综复杂的小说

Tieaknot:

formaknot;tieaknotinapieceofrope在绳子上打结

Accelerate:

make（sth）movefasterorhappenearlier;increasethespeedof使（某事物）加快;促进（某事物）;加速:

acceleratingtherateofgrowth提高生长率

10.Still.thebasicdynamics…move.然而，产生这种变化的动力是一致的：

商品流通、人员流动、观念转变、文化变迁。

不同的是这些变化的速度和范围。

MarxandEngelsmadetheprediction150yearsago.Buttodayitisnotapredictionbutsomethingthathappenseveryday.

“Still”hereintroducesacontrast.Paragraph2tellsthereadersthatmoderntechnologymakestheconnectionsandchangesfa