版高考英语译林新探究大一轮课件+检测含届新题Unit 1 知能演练 轻松闯关 6.docx
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版高考英语译林新探究大一轮课件+检测含届新题Unit1知能演练轻松闯关6
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P308(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·济南针对性训练)Nathan,afreshmanstudentatSanMarinoHighSchoolinCalifornia,U.S.,doesn’tlikedoinghouseworkanymorethananybodyelse.Buthesaiddoingitmadehimwonderwhyhotwaterworkedbetterthancoldwaterwhenwashingupafterdinner,andwhatmadesoapagoodcleaner.Theexperimentshedesignedtofigureoutthesethingsearnedhimthetopprizeatthe2016BroadcomMASTERS.
MASTERSstandsforMath,AppliedScience,TechnologyandEngineeringforRisingStars.Everyyear,theeventbringstogether30middleschoolstudentsfromaroundthecountrytosharetheirscienceprojects.
“Atfirst,Ithoughtthatmyideaswerenaive,”theteenagertoldStudentScience.“ButwhenIwaspresentedwiththisspecialaward,itprovedthatyounginventorscanactuallydealwithrealworldproblems.”
InspiredbyreportsoftheDeepwaterHorizonoilspillintheGulfofMexico,heconnectedwashingdishestocleaningoilspills.“IdecidedthatIwantedtofindamethodforcleaningthat’sbothefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly,”NathantoldStudentScience.Sohecreatedhisownsetupformeasuringsurfacetension—ascientifictermthatreferstothetensionofalayerofliquid.Heendeduplearningwhysoapandhotwaterarebetterforcleaning,andawaytoremoveoilfromwater.
“Scienceandmathhelpyouunderstandtheworldaroundyou.Youcanlearnitfrombooksandteachers,butyoucanalsodiscoverityourselfbydoingscienceprojects.”Heevenplanstosellhissetuptoschools,sootherteenscandohisexperimentandlearnhistheory.
Whenaskedhissecrettosuccess,hesaidtokeepasciencefairprojectsimpleatfirst.“Breakdowntheproblemintosmaller,manageablesteps,sointhatway,youwillbeabletoknowwhatyouaredoingandbuildonyourknowledgegradually.”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一个美国高中生的创造发明获得MASTERS奖的故事。
1.WhatdoweknowaboutNathan?
A.Heenjoysdoinghousework.
B.Hewantstocleanupoilspills.
C.Hefiguredouthowcleaningworked.
D.Hewonmanyprizesforhisfancyideas.
C 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句“Buthesaiddoingitmadehimwonderwhyhotwaterworkedbetterthancoldwaterwhenwashingupafterdinner,andwhatmadesoapagoodcleaner.”和第四段最后一句“Heendeduplearningwhysoapandhotwaterarebetterforcleaning,andawaytoremoveoilfromwater.”可知,Nathan弄明白了清洗的原理,故选C。
2.WhatcanbestdescribeNathan?
A.Generousandwealthy.
B.Curiousandcreative.
C.Lazybuttalented.
D.Politebutshy.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第一段第二句“Buthesaiddoingitmadehimwonderwhyhotwaterworkedbetterthancoldwaterwhenwashingupafterdinner,andwhatmadesoapagoodcleaner.”可推知,Nathan富有好奇心,结合第四段可推知,Nathan比较有创造性,故选B。
3.WhatisNathan’ssecrettosuccess?
A.Doingthingsstepbystep.
B.Doingscienceprojectsalone.
C.Workinghardatmathproblems.
D.Learningabouttheworldfrombooks.
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据文章最后一句“Breakdowntheproblemintosmaller,manageablesteps,sointhatway,youwillbeabletoknowwhatyouaredoingandbuildonyourknowledgegradually.”可推知,Nathan成功的秘诀就在于做事循序渐进,逐个突破,故选A。
B
(2019·西宁检测)Ifyouchooseonlytocomplainandescapefromamisfortune,itwillalwaysfollowyouwhereveryougo.Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.
Inanaccident,aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Forthesakeoftakingcareofhim,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.Exceptforwritingwithhistoes,hewascompletelyunabletodoanythinginhislife.
Asthetwobrothersgrewuptogether,theyhadtheirshareofproblemsandtheywouldoftenquarrel.Thenoneday,hisyoungerbrotherwantedtoleave,livinghisownlife,asmanynormalpeopledo.Sohewasheart-brokenanddidn’tknowwhattodo.
Asimilarmisfortunebefellagirl,too.Onenight,hermotherwhosufferedfromchronicmentalillnessdisappeared.Herfatherwentouttolookforhermother,leavingheraloneathome.Shetriedtopreparemealsforherparents,onlytooverturnthekerosenelightonthestove,resultinginafirewhichtookherhandsaway.
Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercityshowedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself-reliant.
Oneday,theboyandthegirlwerebothinvitedtoappearonatelevisioninterviewprogram.TheboytoldtheTVhostabouthisuncertainfutureatbeingleftonhisown,whereasthegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife.Theybothwereaskedtowritesomethingonapieceofpaperwiththeirtoes.Theboywrote:
Myyoungerbrother’sarmsaremyarms;whilethegirlwrote:
Brokenwings,flyingheart.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。
4.Whatattitudeshouldwetaketowardsamisfortuneintheauthor’sopinion?
A.Tryingtofindanescapefromit.
B.Facingitbravelywithapositivemind.
C.Askingforhelpfromyourrelatives.
D.Ignoringitandlivinganormallife.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第一段的第二句“Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.”可推知,面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对,故B项正确。
5.Aftertheaccident,theboy____________.
A.decidedtolivewithhisbrother
B.learnttodothingswithhistoes
C.madealivingallbyhimself
D.dependedwhollyonhisbrother
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段的第二句“Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.”可知,失去双臂后,他就完全依靠他的弟弟,故D项正确。
6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofthegirl?
A.Shelosthermotherinanaccident.
B.Hersistertookgoodcareofher.
C.Shewasoptimisticandfullofcourage.
D.Sheledapoorlifewithherfather.
C 解析:
细节理解题。
根据最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”,并结合第五段可知,她决定独立生活,在学校努力学习;据此可知,女孩在事故后乐观而坚强,故C项正确。
7.Whatdidthegirlmeanby“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”?
A.Nevergiveuphopesinfaceofhardship.
B.It’snoteasyforhertoliveanormallife.
C.Ifabirdlosesitswings,itcannotfly.
D.Ifyouloseyourhands,yourlifewillbehard.
A 解析:
句意理解题。
“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话,意为“失去双翼,心仍飞翔。
”;结合最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”和第五段可知,事故之后,她决定独立生活,在学校努力学习,乐观坚强地面对生活;据此可知,该句是说“面对困难,永远不要放弃希望”,故A项正确。
C
(2019·贵阳检测)Nov.21isWorldHelloDay.Itbeganbackinthe1970saspartofanefforttomaketheworldmorepeaceful.ItwascreatedjustafterthewarbetweenIsraelandEgyptin1973.Thephilosophy(哲学)behinditis:
Say“Hello”andstopwar.
Itsoundslikeafineidea,butmostofusknowthatsimplysaying“Hello”won’tbringaboutworldpeace.Still,onasmallerrange,thesimpleactofsaying“Hello”tosomeonecanmakealotofdifference.
Thismightnotbeobvious.Afterall,it’ssuchacasualthingandrequiressolittleeffort.Youraiseyourheadtosomeoneasyoupassbythemintheschoolcorridor(走廊),say“Hello”,andthenit’sover.
Althoughwemightnotrealizeit,asmallthinglikeagreetingcanmeanalottoaperson.Manypeoplearelonelybecausethey’reshy.Theyfinditdifficulttocommunicatewithpeople,eventhoughtheywantto.Itleadstothemfeelingcutoff.
Onthisbasis,maybeit’sagoodidea,notjustonNov.21,buteveryday,toremembertosay“Hello”toasmanypeopleaswecan.Thestrangerwhohearsyourgreetingmaysecretlysmileintheirheart.Youmightevenmaketheirday.
Greetingotherpeopleistheeasiestwaytobepolite.Politenessisthewayweindividualhumanslinkupwiththerestofthehumanworldoutsideofourcirclesoffamilyandfriends.Politenessisoneoftheaspectsofculturethatmakeusasocietyratherthanjustmanyindividualslivinginthesamespace.
NoonesaiditbetterthantheFrenchauthorJosephJoubert:
“Politenessistheflowerofhumanity.”A“Hello”toastrangerisasmallthing,andoftenneglected(忽视),butthroughitwecanmaketheworldbetterforanotherperson.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了世界问候日的由来及意义的相关信息。
8.WhatisWorldHelloDayintendedfor?
A.Philosophy. B.Peace.
C.Politeness.D.War.
B 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“Nov.21isWorldHelloDay.Itbeganbackinthe1970saspartofanefforttomaketheworldmorepeaceful.”可知,世界问候日设立的初衷是为了和平。
9.Whathasaneffectonpeoplemost?
A.Raisingheadstoothers.
B.Doingsomethingcasually.
C.Meetingintheschoolcorridor.
D.Thesimpleactofsaying“Hello”.
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句“Still,onasmallerrange,thesimpleactofsaying‘Hello’tosomeonecanmakealotofdifference.”可知,对别人影响最大的是打招呼这种简单的行为。
10.Whydosomepeoplefeellonely?
A.Theyareunwillingtocommunicatewithothers.
B.Theyaretooshytocommunicatewithothers.
C.Theyareveryfondoflivingalone.
D.Theydon’tlikedoingthingsasothersdo.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“Manypeoplearelonelybecausethey’reshy...cutoff.”可知,一些人感到孤独的原因是他们太害羞了,不敢和别人交流。
11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Weshouldneglectasmallthing.
B.Saying“Hello”toothersispowerful.
C.Theflowersmaketheworldbetter.
D.NooneisbetterthanJosephJoubert.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“A‘Hello’toastrangerisasmallthing,andoftenneglected(忽视),butthroughitwecanmaketheworldbetterforanotherperson.”可知,向别人打招呼是有影响力的。
D
(2019·云南高三11校跨区调研)Ifourkidsdon’tfall,theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestoffourchildren,andnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandit’dslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme.
Laterthatnight,mydadtoldmeInolonger