名词性从句与状语从句.docx

名词性从句与状语从句.docx

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名词性从句与状语从句

名词性从句和状语从句易混点及高频考点突破

四川省南溪一中顾建

一、名词性从句概述

名词性从句的功能相当于一个名词，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语及同位语。

名词性从句包括：

状语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

请标明划线部分属于那种名词性从句：

✧Whetherhewillcomehereornotisunimportanttome.【________________________】

✧Idon’tknowwhathemeans.【________________________】

✧I’mgladthatyouarehere.【________________________】

✧Theteacherissatisfiedwithwhatyouhavedone.【________________________】

✧Hissuggestionisthatanewroadshouldbebuiltacrossthevillagetohelpthefarmersgetoutofpoverty【____________】

✧Hisssuggestionthatsnewroadshouldbebuiltacrossthevillagetohelpthefarmersgetoutofpovertysoundsreasonable.

【________________________】

✧Thenewsthathegotkilledintheracesurprisedusall.【________________________】

✧Ireallyhavesomedoubtwhetherherdaughtercanpasstheentranceexamination.【________________________】

✧Whateveryoudointhislabhasnothingtodowithme.【________________________】

✧Thepolicewillrewardwhoeverreportsthetruthbehindtheaccidenttothem.【___________________________】

二、名词性从句和状语从句中的易混点及高频考点：

1、that的用法：

（1）在名词性从句中，that只起到连接作用，在句子中不充当成分。

Shethoughtthatshehadtriedherbestintheattempttopassthecollegeentranceexamination.

（2）名词性从句如果结构和语意完整，连接词用that。

Jeansaidthatshewasgoingtomeetherfriendsatthefriendattheairport.

（3）That引导宾语从句时可以省去，但是如果有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，从第二个起，that不能省去。

That引导其它名词性从句时，一般都不能省去。

Katebelieved（that）theterribleaccidentwascausedbydrunkdrivingand______thedrivershouldbeseverelypunished.

（4）That引导名词性从句还用于以下句型中：

①Itissaid/reported/believed/thought/expected/important/natural/advised/ordered/suggested/required/

necessary/apity...that......【其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句被后移。

】

②Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.【其中it为形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句被后移。

】

③Parentsshouldseetoit___________________theirchildshouldhaveabalanceddietofrichnutrition.

（5）that引导宾语从句作形容词的宾语，如：

that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：

anxious，aware，certain,confident,convinced，determined，glad，

proud，surprised，worried，sorry，thankful，ashamed，disappointed，annoyed，pleased，hurt，satisfied，content等。

♣Iamafraid_______________I’vemadeamistake.

♣Iamashamed______________Iliedtomyfatherabouttheresultofthemid-termexaminationlastnight.

注意：

that在其它从句或句型中的使用

（1）在定语从句中，that指代先行词在定语从句中充当主、宾、或表语。

Shegavemeanovel_______________/whichwaswrittenbyMoYan.

（2）在结果状语从句中，that引导结结果语从句，常见结构：

such......that......;so.....that......

①Hewassoexhausted__________________hefellasleepimmediatelyhelayhisheadonthepillow.

②Heis_____________anoutstandingfilmstarthathehasplayedtheleadingrolesinmanyfilms.

③Itwassuchterribleweather________________theydecidedtotakeataxihome.

④Theweatherwas_______________terriblethattheydecidedtotakeataxihome.

注意：

so/such+先行词+as引导定语从句与such/so......that引导结果状语从句的区别。

⑤Thesedollsaresolovely【__________________allthechildrenlovethemverymuch.】_____________从句

⑥Thesedollsaresolovely【__________________allthechildrenloveverymuch.】_____________从句

⑦Thesearesuchlovelydolls【________________allthechildrenlovethemverymuch.】_____________从句

⑧Thesearesuchlovelydolls【________________allthechildrenloveverymuch.】_____________从句

（3）sothat引导目的状语从句，常译为“以便于……、为了……”

Heraisedhisvoice_____________________hecouldbeheardbytheaudiencesittinginthebackrows.

（4）在强调句中，that用来构成句式，that指代被强调部分。

Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who......

Itwasintheworkshop_________________theyfellinlovewitheachother.

对应练习：

1.shewasbroughtupinanartisticfamilygaveheranadvantageoverotherapplicantsinthetry-out（海选）.【改错】______

=___________gaveheranadvantageoverotherapplicantsinthetry-out___________shewasbroughtupinanartistic

family.

2.________suddenlyoccurredtome_____________mymotherwaswaitingformeattheschoolgate.【填入适当词语】

3.I’mconvinced_______________diligencecontributestosuccess.

4.Heis_____________ahumorousboy_______________allhisclassmateslikehim.【填入适当词语】

5.Heis_____________humorous__________________allhisclassmateslikehim.【填入适当词语】

6.Itisadvised______________you__________________________（review）younotesbeforeyougetdowntoyour

homework.

7.I’vemadeitclear________________youshouldneverbringyourcellphonestotheclassroomduringweekdays.

8.______________surprisedallofus______________suchanawkwardboyshouldgotthefirstplaceinthecompetition.

9._______________suchanawkwardboyshouldgotthefirstplaceinthecompetitionsurprisedallofus.

10.Thefact_______________thepresentemploymentrateisstillverylowmakethelocalgovernmentveryconcerned.

11.Thereisnodenying__________________goodpreparationsbeforeawritingcontestarenecessary.

12.Ihavenodoubt_________________heisthesuitablepersonforthevacantpost.

13.Heradviceis___________________thepatient_____________________（give）aoverallmedicalexaminationbefore

theoperation.

14.Thenews______________hewasdefeatedintheboxingmatchdisappointedhisfamily.

15.______________isknowntoall,DNAisthefundamentalcomponentofveryformoflife.

16._____________isknowntoall_______________DNAisthefundamentalcomponentofeveryformoflife.

17._____________isknowntoallis______________DNAisthefundamentalcomponentofeveryformoflife.

18.Isthereanything_____________Icandotohelpyougetoutthepresenttroublesomesituation?

19.ItisFriday_________________theyleftChangshaforGuangzhou.

20.ItisonFriday_____________________theyleftChangshaforGuangzhou.

21.Whatisit__________________madeyousoexcitedtoday?

21.Thescientistholdsthebelief__________wearedeterminedbyourlivingcircumstanceandeducationratherthangenes.

22.Heinsisted__________theproblem________________________（solve）immediatelyand__________hecouldn’t

completesomanytaskswithinsuchashortperiodoftime.

2.what/whatever;which/whichever;who/whoever;how/however;when/whenever;where/wherever的用法注意事项

（1）what只用于名词性从句；whatever可以用于名词性从句和让步状语从句。

注意：

如果名词性从句缺主语、宾语或表语，首选what或whatever.但是，what的意思是：

“什么”，表示疑问；而whatever的意思是“无论什么”，意思是不一样的。

①Iamsure_________________manypeopledidn’tunderstand__________________hemeantbysaying“someoneistoblameforit”.

②Whateveryoudomattersalottotheresultoftheproject.【划线部分为_____________________从句，整句的谓语是___________。

该从句缺do的________语，故用____________________.】

→该句可以转换为一个含有让步状语从句的复合句,引导让步状语从句时，whatever=nomatterwhat;引导名词性从句时，whatever绝对不能换为nomatterwhat。

=A.____________________youdo,itmattersalottotheresultoftheproject.

=B.___________________whatyoudo,itmattersalottotheresultoftheproject.

③Idon’tcarewhateveryousaidatthemeeting,butIdothink__________youcouldexpressitinamoreacceptable

way.【_________从句】

=[______________________/__________________________________yousaidatthemeeting],Idonotcare,butIdo

think____________youcouldexpressitinamoreacceptableway.【方括号内为_____________________从句】

（2）A.who在名词性从句中的意思是“谁？

”，表示疑问。

Dotheyknow[____________hastakenawaythemoneyraisedforthesickchild?

]【方括号内为________________】

B.whoever在名词性从句中意思是“无论谁”。

①[_________________broketheglasswindow]mustpayforit.【方括号内为一个____________________从句】

②Theteacherdidn’tknow[______________broketheglasswindow].

C.whoever还可以引导一个让步状语从句，此时相当于nomatterwho

Whoeverknowsthetruthofthemurdershouldreportittothepoliceatonce.

=____________________/___________________________knowsthetruth,heorsheshouldreportittothepolice...

D.who还可以引导一个定语从句，代替先行词，在定语从句中充当主、宾、或表语！

Aroundtheworldtherearelotsofpeople___________________stillliveinpoverty.

E.who还可以引导一个定语从句，代替先行词，在定语从句中充当主、宾、或表语！

Itisthecleaner____________savedthelittleboyoutofthebigfire.

（3）A.which在名词性从句中的意思是“哪一个、哪一些”，表示疑问！

Shedidn’tknow____________________isbetterasabirthdaypresent,abookormusicDisc.

B.which在定语从句中代替先行词（先行词为物，或一个句子），作定语从句的主语、宾语或表语。

①Yesterdayweenjoyedourselvesinthethemepark________________wasopentothepubliclastmonth.

②Shereadawiderangeofliteratureworksinherearlyyears,_______________laidasolidfoundationforher

laterwritingcareer.

C.Whichever引导名词性从句时，意思是“无论哪一个（哪一些）”，不能换为nomatterwhich

【Whichevertoyyouwant】isyours.括号内的从句为一个_________________从句。

D.Whichever引导让步状语从句时，等于nomatterwhich

Itdoesn’tmatterwhichevermajoryouchoose.Yourattitudeiseverything.[划线部分为一个_____________从句]

=[___________________/__________________________majoryouchoose],itdoesn’tmatter.Yourattitudeis

everything.此处方括号内为______________________________从句。

（4）A.However=nomatterhow（无论谁）;whenever=nomatterwhen（无论何时）;wherever=no

matterwhere（无论何地/无论哪里）这三个连词只能引导让步状语从句！

①Howevertheproblemiscomplex,wearedeterminedtofindasolutiontoit.改错_____________________________

=_________________________________________________,wearedeterminedtofindasolutiontoit.

注意：

however的语序是____________________________________________.

②Nomatterwhenshemeetsme,shesmilesatme.=_____________________shemeetsme,shesmilesatme.

③Sheusedtofollowafterhim ______________________ hewent.（where/wherever）

B.用于名词性从句中时：

how怎样、如何；相关搭配：

howmany/much/long/soon/often

①Theyarediscussing__________________（howarethey/howtheyare）goingtothevillage.

②─___________________doyougotoseeyourgrandparents?

─Oncea