高考英语阅读理解课堂练学案二十.docx
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高考英语阅读理解课堂练学案二十
高考英语：
阅读理解课堂练学案（20）
PassageEighteen（TheMilitaryIsIn）
Thingshavereallychanged.Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.Recruiters,oncedenouncedbyantiwarstudentsas“babykillers”andbarredfromcampuses,arewelcomedeverateliteuniversities.ROTC（ReserveOfficer’sTrainingCorps）programs,thatfalteredduringtheVietNamera,whenprotesterswerefirebombingtheirheadquarters,areflourishingagain.Themilitaryacademiesareenjoyingasteadyincreaseinapplications.
Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable:
freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX（PostExchange）privileges.Monthlypayforarecruitis $574;forasergeantwithfouryearsservicesitis$906;foramajorwithtenyears’serviceitis$2,305.Theservices’slick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromisingadventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.Kidsarewalkingdowntheschoolhallwayschanting‘Army,Navy,AirForce,Marines,’justlikeinthecommercials.Andmanymilitaryofficialsfeelthatthekeydifferenceistheenhancedpatriotismamongthenation’syouth.Thereisareturntotheviewthatthemilitaryisanhonorableprofession.ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailareover.Recruitingforallfourservicescombinedisrunningat101%ofauthorizedgoals.Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsomere-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.
Themilitaryacademicsarealsoenjoyinghalcyonyears,attractingmoreandbetter-qualifiedstudents.Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargain:
notonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.Itisreported12,300applicantsareforthe1,450positionsinthisyear’sfreshmanclass.Militaryacademiesarenowjustasselectiveasanyofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.
Nationwide,ROTCenrollmentexceeds105,000,a64%increaseoverthe1974figure.Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridicule,iftheydid.Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.Tothem,VietNamisancienthistory,somethingtheoldfolkstalkabout.
1. Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
[A].TheMilitaryisin .TheMilitaryisup
[C].TheMilitaryisdown [D].TheMilitaryison
2. Whatwastheattitudeofthestudentsin1970’stowardsthemilitary?
[A].Approval. .Indifferent. [C].Distaste. [D].Scolding.
3. Thephrase“comeout”isclosestinmeaningto
[A].“become visible”. .“begintogrow”.
[C].“bemadepublic”. [D].“gainacertainposition”.
4. WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasontoattractstudents.
[A].Freetuition. .Spaciousroom.
[C].Considerateallowance. [D].Technicaltraining.
Vocabulary
1. stageacomeback 再度走红，卷土重来
2. standingtall 站得高
3. babykiller 杀婴犯人
4. denounce 谴责
5. elite 杰出的，名牌的
6. ROTC=ReserveOffice’sTrainingCope （美）后备军官训练队
7. falter 动摇不定，踌躇不前
8. flourish 繁荣兴旺
9. allure 诱惑
10. comeout 进入社交界，扬名
11. thewidearray 一大批，一大半
12. PX=PostExchange 陆军消费合作社
13. sergeant 中士
14. major 少校
15. slick 聪明的，非常好的，吸引人的
16. hallway 门厅，过道
17. chant 单调重复的说话（唱歌）
18. miscreant 无赖，恶棍
19. retentionrate 继续服役率，服役期满不退役的比例
20. realbargain 好买卖，十分划算
难句译注
1. Theservices’slick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromisingadventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.
[结构简析] 句子的主语是campaign.这里指大规模的广告（advertisingcampaign）。
Promising修饰campaign。
2. ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailareover.
[参考译文] 由法官判一名无赖不去当兵就得坐牢的日子过去了。
3. Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsomere-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.
[结构简析] so…that句型。
[参考译文] 超役留队率现在很高，所以各个军种都要拒绝一些再入伍申请，并降低年度招兵指标。
写作方法与文章大意
这是论述军队在美国地位提高的文章，主要采用因果写法，中插对比。
答案祥解1. A.军队又吃香了。
Tobein有“流行，时髦”之义。
全篇文章围绕这一点而写。
文章一开头就点名宗旨“事情真的变了，军队形象不仅高大，招收新兵的质量和数量明显得到恢复。
”第二段开始：
“可以肯定，经济萧条使得军队提供就业，技术训练和对学生慷慨贷款提高了诱惑力……。
”第二段倒数第七句“许多军官感到关键性的变化是这个国家青年中的爱国心增强，当兵是一个荣誉职业的看法又恢复了。
”都表示吃香。
B.tobeup有“完了，完毕，上涨”等义。
C.tobedown有“消沉，落魄，下降”等义。
D.tobeon有“上演，开着”等义。
这里都讲不通。
2. C.厌恶。
答案在第一段第二句“招兵人员曾一度被反战学生谴责为‘杀婴犯’而拒之校园之外，现在甚至名牌大学都欢迎。
后备军官训练队计划在越战时期曾动摇不定，抗议的人向部队投掷燃烧弹，如今又兴旺起来。
”最后一段第二句“70年代中期，后备军官训练队学生不愿在校内穿制服，因为穿了就遭到各种嘲笑。
”这些都说明70年代，学生对军队的态度是“厌恶”。
所以
A.赞成， B.漠不关心， D.漫骂，都不对。
3. 获得地位。
Tocomeout有togaincertainposition获得（名次，地位）之义，也有appear,tobeseen（出现，看得见）之义。
这里的上下文，只能是D.第二段第二句“学生们知道，要是参军，当上譬如核武器专家，他们就能扬名并可要求6万美元年薪。
”
A.看得见， B.开始成长， C.公开。
4. B.宽敞的房间。
A.免学费。
C.相当高的津贴。
D.技术培训，都提到过。
第二段开始“可以肯定，经济萧条使得军队提供就业，技术训练以及对学生慷慨贷款等的诱惑力增大。
”第三句“军队薪金尽管比不是私人公司中类似工作的工资，但已经很可观了，尤其考虑到军队里有一系列的福利待遇，如免费医疗，膳宿，军人消费合作社特惠等。
”第三段“军事院校招收的学生数量多了，质量好，年头也就好过。
私立大学里，学费和各类费用一直急剧上升，相比之下，上军事院校确实便宜，不仅学费全面，新生每月还可拿5百美元的补贴。
PassageNineteen（CreativeProcessofWorks）
Thegreatquestionthatthispaperwill,butfeebly,attempttoansweris,whatisthecreativeprocess?
Thoughmuchtheoryhasaccumulated,littleisreallyknownaboutthepowerthatliesatthebottomofpoeticcreation.Itistruethatgreatpoetsandartistsproducebeautybyemployingallthepowersofpersonalityandbyfusingemotions,reason,andintuitions.Butwhatisthemagicalsynthesisthatjoinsandarrangesthesecomplexpartsintopoeticunity?
JohnL.Lowes,inhisjustlyfamous“TheRoadtoXanadu,”developedoneoftheearliestandstillgenerallyacceptableanswerstothistantalizingquestion.Imaginativecreation,heconcludes,isacomplexprocessinwhichtheconsciousandunconsciousmindsjointlyoperate.“Thereis…thedeepwellwithitschaosoffortuitouslyblendingimages;butthereislikewisetheVisionwhichseesshininginandthroughthechaosofthepotentiallinesofForm,andwiththeVision,thecontrollingWill.Whichgivestothatpotentialbeautyactuality.”
TheDeepWellistheunconsciousmindthatispeopledwiththefacts,ideas,feelingsoftheconsciousactivity.Theimaginativevision,anunconsciousactivity,shinesthroughthelandofchaos,oflightsandshadows,silentlyseekingpatternandform.Finally,theconsciousmindagain,throughWill,capturesandembodiestheideainthefinalworkofart.Inthiswayisunitybornoutofchaos.
Thoughtherecanbenoabsolutecertainty,thereisgeneralagreementthattheperiodsinthedevelopmentofacreativeworkparallel,tosomeextent,Lowes’theoryofWell,Vision,Form,andWill.Thereareatleastthreestagesinthecreativeprocess:
preparation,inspiration,work.
Inasense,theperiodofpreparationisallofthewriter’slife.ItistheDeepWell.ItistheDeepWell.Itisespeciallyaperiodofconcentrationwhichgivestheunconsciousmindanopportunitytocommunicatewiththeconsciousmind.Whenremembranceofthingspastreachtheconsciouslevelofthewriter’smind,heisreadytogoonwiththeprocess.Partofthispreparationinvolveslearningamedium—learningalanguage,learninghowtowrite,learningliteraryforms.Itisimportanttomotherethatformcannotbeimposedupontheidea.Evidence,thoughsparse,showsthattheideagivesbirthtotheformthatcanbestconveyit.ItistheVision,accordingtoLowes,”whichseesshininginandthroughthechawsofthepotentiallinesoffrom…”
1. Whenremembranceofthingspastreachtheconsciouslevel,theposthasreachedthestagecalled
[A].Well. .Vision. [C].Form. [D].Will.
2. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
[A].Theformdeterminesthesubjectmatter.
.Theideadeterminestheform.
[C].Visionmakesbeautyanactuality.
[D].Awriterisunconsciouswhenheprepareshiswork.
3. Theword“fortuitously”inthethirdparagraphmeans
[A].accidentally. .luckily. [C].thoroughly. [D].potentially.
4. Theremembranceofthingspastiscarriedoninthe
[A].DeepWell. .Vision.
[C].Chaoticlightsandshadows. [D].Consciousmind.
Vocabulary
1. fuse 融化，结合
2. intuition 直觉
3. Xanadu 是一个非常美的，田园诗般的地方。
美国诗人SanulTColeridge还根据这地方写了一首诗，“KublaKhan”忽必烈汗（即元世祖）
4. John L.Lowes 1876——1945年美国学者，批评家及教师
5. tantalizing 引起好奇心的，可望不可及的，逗人得
6. fortuitous 偶然的，幸运的
7. parallel 相应于
8. sparse 稀少，稀疏
9. synthesis 综合，综合法
难句译注
1. …byemployingallthepowersofpersonalityandbyfusingemotions,reason,andintuitions.
[参考译文]运用个人（品格）的全部力量，把情感，理智和直觉融会贯通结合在一起。
2. …stillgenerallyacceptableanswers
升级会员 