动词练习.docx

动词练习.docx

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动词练习

附Ⅱ——情态动词（can/could;may/might;must;should）+动原

1.must（必须）——needn’t（不必）

may（可以）——mustn’t（不许；不准；不可以）

2.注意几个题：

1）—MayIgowithyou?

—No,you_________.

2）—MustIturnoffthelightnow?

—Yes,you______/No,you_________

附Ⅲ——动词不定式与动名词

A、动词不定式作宾补

1）tell/ask/wantsbtodo

否定式：

tell/ask/wantsbnottodo

2）省to不定式作宾补

即：

（听、观、感、使、让、帮）

let;make;notice;hear,help;see,watch;feel

但注意：

1）helpsb（to）do（to可省、可不省）

2）在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原

eg.Someoneheardhimsingintheroom.

Hewasheardtosingintheroom.

B、动词不定式与动名词的区别

1.（hope;learn;want=wouldlike;decide）todo

2.（enjoy;finish;keep;mind;practise）doing

3.介词+doing

eg.1）What/Howaboutdoing

2）begoodatdoing

附Ⅳ——宾语从句与状语从句中的时态

1.状语从句中的时态：

主句

时间、条件句

1）一般将来时

2）祈使句

3）情态动词原形

一般现在时

4）过去时将来

一般过去时

eg.1）I’llcallyouassoonashe______（come）back.

2）Hewon’tgotobeduntilhe_________（finish）hishomework.

3）I’llhelpyouifI_____（be）freetomorrow

2.宾语从句中的时态：

主句

宾语从句

一般现在时

一切时态

一般过去时

过去范畴的某一时态（一般过去时；过去进行时；过去完成时；过去将来时）

但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时，则只能用一般现在时。

eg.1）Hesaidhisfather_________（come）backintwodays.

2）Theteachersaidlight________（travel）fasterthansound.

附Ⅴ——主谓一致

1.表“时间、距离、金钱、长度”的名词短语做主语时应看作一个整体，视为单eg.Twomonthsisquitealongtime.

2.people;police形单实为复，作主为复

eg.Thepolicearelookingforthemissingboy.

3.maths,news,physics形复实为单，作主为单

4.family;class看作整体时作主语为单数；看作整体中的各成员时则为复数。

eg.1）Myfamilyisabigone.

2）MyfamilyarewatchingTV.

5.由with,except,aswellas连接的两名词作主语，谓语由前者决定

eg.TheteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.

6.由neither…nor;either…or;notonly…boutalso连接的两名词作主语，谓语由后者决定

eg.NeitherhenorIamateacher.

7.不定代词（something;anything;nothing;someone;anyone;everyone…）作主语为单

Nobodyknowsitexceptme.

8.Oneof+复名…作主语为单数

eg.Oneofmyfriendsisacomputerengineer.

9.“the+姓的复数”作主语为复数

eg.TheLiusarewatchingTVnow.

10.sheep;deer;fish单复同形，注意区别作主语是单还是复

eg.1）Therearemanysheeponthehill.

2）Milk____white,andsheep______white,too.（be填空）

11.therebe结构中，如果有两个以上的名词作主语，则be应与最接近的那个名词一致。

（即：

靠近原则）eg.

1）There____aboxandsomepensonthedesk.

2）There____somepensandaboxonthedesk.

12.either,neither,each作主语为三单

eg.Neitherofthetwins______（like）drawing.

13.由两部分构成的事物名词（trousers,glasses,chopsticks）作主语为复数，但当前面有pair短语修饰时，则谓语由pair的单复数来决定谓语。

eg.1）Where____（be）myglasses?

2）Thatpairoftrousers____（be）Mr.Green’s

附Ⅵ——“短命”动词与“长命”动词之间的转化

buy—have;borrow—keep;die—bedead;leave—beaway（from）;

comeback—beback;fallasleep—beasleep;open—beopen;

catchacold—haveacold;go/getout—beout;

arrive（reach/getto/cometo）+地点—bein+地点；

join—bein+集体（或be+成员）；turnon—beon;turnoff—beoff;

getaletterfrom—havealetterfrom.end/finish—beover;getup—beup;

练习

一、写出下列各时态的构成，然后找出各时态所对应的时间状语，只写代号

1、一般现在时：

______

时间状语______________________

2、一般过去时_________________

时间状语_______________________

3、一般将来时:

______________________________

时间状语_____________________

4、现在进行时_____________________

时间状语_______________________

5、现在完成时____________________

时间状语_______________________

6、过去进行时_____________________

时间状语_______________________

提供的时间状语如下：

A.sinceshecameinB.intwodayswhenshecameinD.nextweek

E.oftenF.fivedaysagoG.SometimeslastyearI.look之后的句

J.justK.at4:

30yesterdayL.sofarM.fortenyearsN.sincetwoyearsago

二、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Mother________（watch）TVeveryevening.

2.We________（talk）whentheteachercamein.

3.He________（go）toBeijingtwodaysago.

4.He________（leave）Chengduintwodays.

5.Look!

Theboy________（play）footballontheplayground.

6.Myuncle______（live）herefortenyears.

7.Heoftenhelpstheoldwoman_______（carry）water.

8.Wouldyouliketomakeacontributionto________（improve）ourlivingconditions?

9.Don’tforget________（turn）offthelightsbeforeyougoout.

10.Pleaseletthegirls_____（go）first.

11.Theyhadgreatfun________（play）footballthisafternoon.

12.Doyouenjoy________（watch）TV?

13.Wouldyoulike______（have）acupoftea?

14.Youcan______（go）theretomorrow.

15.Wouldyoumindmy_____（open）thedoor?

16.Pleaseaskhim_______（speak）moreloudly

17.I’llgofishingifit____（be）finetomorrow.

18.Hesaidhisgrandpa________（be）deadfortenyears.

19.Tellthechildren__________（notplay）inthestreet.

20.MrZhuspentmuchtime_________（help）mewithmyEnglish.

21.I’lltellyouassoonashe____（come）back.

22.Eachofus_____（want）togotocollege.

23.Thankyoufor______（help）me.

24.Theteachertoldustheearth____（go）roundthesun.

25.Myfatherisgoodat_____（fish）.

26.You’dbetter______（nottalk）inclass.

27.Theteacherstopped_______（talk）touswhenwewentintotheoffice.

28.Isawher_______（cook）whenIgothome.

29.Look!

Awomanwithtwochildren_____（be）comingtowardsus.

30.Hisfamily___notbig,butthefamily____（be）interestedinmusic.

31.Twomonths_____（be）quitealongtime.

32.HeaskedifTom______（come）intwodays

33.Oneofourteachers_____（be）aforeigner.

34.TheGreens______（have）beentotheGreatWalltwice.

35.Heispracticing_______（speak）EnglishwithMr.Green.

36.Thispairofglasses___mine.Theglassesonthetable____his（be）.

37.There____anapple,apearandsomebananasonthetable.（be）

38.______（read）inbed___（be）badyoureyes.

39.Hello,Jim!

I________（notknow）youweinChengdu.I______（tell）youwerestillinLondon.

40.It_______（say）thatanotherbridge_______（build）overtherivernextyear.

41.Helefttheroomwithout_______（say）goodbye.

42.Manytrees________（plant）inourschoolyardtheseyears.

43.Thepolice_____（be）tryingtocatchthethief.

44.Thefamily_____（be）spendingtheweekendtogether.

三、选择填空

（）1.—MustIturnoffthelightnow?

---No,you_______

A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.can’t

（）2.Ourteachertoldusthesun____intheeast.

A.roseB.risesC.isrising

（）3.He___backinamonth.

A.willcomeB.comeC.came

（）4.I___himbefore.

A.metB.hadmetC.havemet

（）5.Theteacher____toJapanthisyear.She’snowtellingherpupilsaboutit.

A.wentB.hasbeenC.hasgone

（）6.It____hardwhenIgothomeyesterday.

A.rainedB.israiningC.wasraining

（）7.Whynot____again?

A.totryB.tryC.trying

（）8.Hehasfinished____theletter.

A.writingB.towriteC.wrote

（）9.It_____everynight.

A.happensB.ishappenedC.happened

（）10.Thepolicemantoldthechildren____inthestreet.

A.notplayB.nottoplayC.don’tplay

（）11.Theboxistooheavyforme____.

A.tocarryitB.tocarryC.carryingit

（）12.Stop____andlistentotheteacher.

A.toreadB.readC.reading

（）13.Heisstilllookingforahouse____.

A.toliveB.toliveinC.toliveinit

（）14.Iheardher___whenIpassedherroomjustnow.

A.singB.singingC.tosing

（）15.—MayIgowithyou?

---No,you______.

A.maynotB.cannotC.mustn’t

（）16.Therearesome____intheriver.

A.airB.fishC.water.

（）17.Sheep__whiteandmilk___white,too.

A.is;isB.is;areC.are;is

（）18.Theclass___goingtoseeafilmthisafternoon.

A.amB.isC.are

（）19.Jim’sshoes____underthebed.

A.areB.isC.was

（）20.Threeyears____quitealongtime.

A.isB.areC.were

（）21.Theclothesaremine.Yours____underthebed.

A.isB.areC.were

（）22.There___alotofnewsintoday’snewspaper.

A.isB.areC.were

（）23.--CanyouanswerthisquestioninEnglish?

No,I_____.

A.needn't B.mustn't C.maynot D.can't

（）24.Theteacherwantedus_____Exercise1,butyouletme______Exercise2.

A.todo,do B.todo,todo C.do,todo D.do,do 

（）25.MissGreensawawallet______onthegroundwhenshewalkedpasttheschoolgate.

A.lie B.lying C.lies D.tolie 

（）26.Whathaveyoudone_____themilk?

I'vejust_____it.

A.with,eaten B.for,eaten C.with,drunk D.for,drunk  

（）27.Theradio_______itwillgetwarmerlater.

A.says B.speaks C.talks D.tells

（）28.Youmustbeverytired.Whynot_____arest?

A.stophaving B.stoptohave C.tostophaving D.tostoptohave

（）29.LiPingisyoung,buthe_____manyplacesofinterestinSouthChina.

A.wentto B.hasbeenin C.hasgoneto D.hasbeento

（）30.Mothertoldme_____inthesun.

A.notread B.don'tread C.readnot D.nottoread  

（）31.Doyouoftenseeher______volleyballontheplayground?

A.play B.played C.plays D.toplay     

（）32.Alicedidn'thearwhattheteachersaidjustnow,soshedoesn'tknowhow_______theproblem.

A.do B.did C.todo D.doing  

（）33.Whenthelittleboy____someonecomingupstairs,hestopped_____.

A.heard…crying B.listened…tocry C.heard…tocry D.listened…cry

（）34.I______myrulerathome.CanIuseyours,please?

A.forgot B.haveforgotten C.left D.haveleft 

（）35.Jim_____thegoodnewstohisclassmatesthismorning.

A.spoke  B.told  C.said  D.talked

十、被动语态

英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。

主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。

eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting（主动句）.

Aknifeisusedforcutting（被动句）。

一、构成：

be+过去分词

eg.1）Theworkisfinishedbyhim.

2）ChineseisspokenbypeopleinChina.

二、被动语态的时态

1.一般现在时：

am/is/are+过去分词

eg.EnglishisspokenbyEnglishmen.

2.一般过去时：

was/were+过去分词

eg.ThemachinesweremadeinChina.

3.一般将来时:

will/shall/begoingtobe+过去分词

eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschoolnextweek.

4.现在完成时：

have/hasbeen+过去分词

eg.Theworkhasbeendonebythem.

5.现在进行时：

am/is/arebeing+过去分词。

eg.Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinourvillage.

6.过去进行时：

was/werebeing+过去分词

eg.MyTVsetwasbeingmendedatthattime.

综上所述：

被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：

be动词的各种时态）

另外注意以下几点：

1.含情态动词的被动语态：

can