美国法论文终结版4.docx

美国法论文终结版4.docx

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美国法论文终结版4

NANCHANGUNIVERSITY

ThetradesecretanditsprotectioninChineselaw

InstructorNicolaiNielsen

TeamShero

membersJieGao5301109005

QingLiu7102209018LijuanXie5301109039

LuZhang5301109049

YutingZhong5301109050

SchoolLawSchoolofNanchangUniversity

Class091

DateNovember30,2011

contents

ⅠAbstract2

ⅡOverviewofTradeSecrets2

a）Theconceptoftradesecret2

b）Thecharacteristicsofatradesecret2

c）Historicaldevelopment4

ⅢThespecificformofviolationoftradesecrets5

a）Bytheft,inducement,coercionorotherimpropermeanstoacquiretradesecrets5

b）Disclosure,use,orallowotherstoacquirethetradesecretswithimpropermeans5

c）Breachofcontractornon-competeviolationoftradesecrets6

d）Othermeans.6

ⅣWhatistheremedyabouttheviolationoftradesecret?

6

a）Theviolationoftradesecretsissupposedtoassumecivilliability7

b）Theviolationoftradesecretsissupposedtoassumeadministrativeresponsibilities8

c）Theviolationoftradesecretsissupposedtoassumecriminalresponsibilities9

ⅤThedeficienciesandimprovementoftheprovisionsofChineselawontradesecret11

a）Legalnormsaretooscatteredandlackoperability11

b）Elementsoftradesecretsaretoostrict.12

c）Existinglawstillhaveblankinsomerespects12

d）Itlacksclearstandardsofcivilliability12

e）Lackingofproceduralrequirements12

f）Itisnotenoughtoinvestigateandcombatviolationsoftradesecrets13

ⅥConclusion15

ⅦBibliography17

Ⅰ.Abstract

Tradesecretisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleintoday’sinternationalcommerce,andconsideredasamajortradepartnerintheinternationaltrade.Thisarticleintroducestheconceptandcharacteristicsoftradesecrets.Italsoanalyzesthespecificformofviolationoftradesecretsandtheremedyabouttheviolationoftradesecrets;exemplifiesmodesoftradesecretsprotection;expoundschina’sstatusinthisrespect.Attheendofthearticleitprovidessomesuggestionstoperfectthislegalsystem.

Keyword:

tradesecret;infringement;illegalprotection;improvementoflegalsystem

Ⅱ.OverviewofTradeSecrets

a）Theconceptoftradesecret

Tradesecretisanintangiblebusinessproperty,Tradesecretreferstothetechnicalandbusinessinformationwhichisnotknowntothepublic,andcanbringeconomicbenefitsforitsholderandthesubjectofreasonableeffortstomaintainitssecrecy.

b）Thecharacteristicsofatradesecret

Tradesecretshaveseveralcharacteristics:

novelty,practical,valuableandconfidential.

1.Noveltyoftradesecretreferstonotgenerallyknowntothepublic.Tradesecretslegalsystemdoesnotrequiretradesecretasnoveltyaspatent,thatis,doesnotrequiretradesecretstobeunique.Americanbusinesssecretjudicialpracticejudgewhetheraso-calledcommercialsecretpossessesnoveltymainlyontwofactors:

first,thelevelofaproposedtradesecretsoutsidetheholderintheindustry;Second,thedegreeofawarenessofprofessionalsintheindustry.Aslongasthis"usedegree"and"knowdegree"isnotcommon,itcanbeconsideredtoconstitutethenoveltyofthecommercialsecret.

2.Usefulnessoftradesecretsisthatitcanbringcompetitiveadvantageandeconomicbenefitstoholders.Whetheriscompetitionadvantageoreconomicinterests,bothinrealityandpotentialtocome?

Tradesecretsmustbeusefulinsubjectivelybutnotinthecontrary.Inaddition,tradesecretsarenotsaidabouttheprinciplesandabstractconcepts.Itshouldhaveusefulspecificprogramsorinformation.

3.Tradesecretsgivethebenefitofrightstoitsholders;suchbenefitsincludenotonlytheeconomicinterestsofreality,butalsopotentialbenefits.Thevalue of tradesecretsisthemostsignificant differencewithothersecrets.Thisiswhyweshouldgivestrictprotectiontothetradesecret.Nationallegislationtoprotecttradesecretsisintendedtomaintaintheowner'seconomicinterestsandsocialandeconomicorder.

4.Theconfidentialityoftradesecretsisthetradesecretholderwillbesomeinformationassubjectivecommercialsecrets,andtaketheconfidentialityoftheobjectivemeasurestomanagement.ThisisthecoreelementsTradesecretsarenotrequiredtheconfidentialityoftheabsolutely,totally,becauseintheuseandmanagementofthecommercialsecret,acertainthresholdinpublicisinevitable.Therefore,the'tradesecret'confidentialityisrelative,

c）Historicaldevelopment

Earlyinthe1960s,InternationalChamberofCommerce（ICC）hastakentheleadthetradesecretasintellectualproperty;WIPOConventionalsoimpliestheestablishmentoftradesecretsincludedtheintellectualpropertyrights.Inthe1990,theintellectualpropertyagreementwhichspecifiedthe"notopeninformation"problemtoclarifyit’sbelongtothescopeofintellectualproperty.Inlegislativesystem,commonlawcountriesgenerallyregardeditasintellectualproperty,andCivillawcountrieshavelong-termaccordingtocontractlawortortlawtheorytoprotecttradesecrets"intellectualpropertyagreementwhichspecifiedthe"notopeninformation"problem.In1993,China's'Anti-UnfairCompetitionLaw'article10providesthat:

Theso-called'tradesecretsarenotknowntothepublic,canbringeconomicbenefitstotheright,hastherighttotakepracticalandapprovedthetechnicalinformationsecuritymeasuresandmanagementinformation.”

Ⅲ.Thespecificformofviolationoftradesecrets

Accordingto thegeneralpracticeatabroad,tradesecretsviolationscanbesummarizedintofourtypes:

a）Bytheft,inducement,coercionorotherimpropermeanstoacquiretradesecrets

Undernormalcircumstances,thetheftoftradesecrets,includinginternalstafftheft,externalstafftheft,collusion theftandsoon.The inducements toobtain tradesecretsusually refertothesituationwhenpeopleprovide themastersoftradesecretswiththe propertyor otherbenefitsinordertogettradesecrets.Thecoercionoftradesecrets referstotheacttotakethethreatandcoercion,sothatotherswillbemandatoryinthecaseofprovidingtradesecrets.Otherimpropermeanstoacquiretradesecretsrefertotheaboveactsotherthanillegalmeans.Forexample,throughcommercialnegotiation,cooperation,research,development,orspyonotherpeople'sbusinesssecretsandsoon.

b）Disclosure,use,orallowotherstoacquirethetradesecretswithimpropermeans

Theso-calleddisclosurereferstothetradesecretowneroftherighttodisclosetothirdpartiesortocertainotherpeopledonotopenwhichmakingthesecretlosevalue.Usingorallowingotherstouserefertothespecificcircumstancesthattradesecretsisbeingusedillegally.

c）Breachofcontractornon-competeviolationoftradesecrets

Thissituationismainlythosewhomasterotherslegitimatebusinesssecrets,includingtheworkersofrightholdersandwhohavebusinessrelationshipswiththerightunitsandindividuals.Infringerbreachofagreementorregulations,ordisclosedtothethirdparties,ormakinguseoftradesecretrightswithoutpermission,orallowsotherstousethecommercialsecretsofrightholders.

d）Othermeans.

Thethird person who knowstheinfringing acts ofviolationoftrade secrets,butstillobtaintradesecretsormaketradesecretstobeusedordisclosed.

Ⅳ.Whatistheremedyabouttheviolationoftradesecret?

Inordertoenhanceprotectionoftradesecrets,Chinahasbasicallyformedasetoflawsforviolationsoftradesecretswhichresultsinsomelegalconsequencestomakesurethatthepartyshouldassumethetypeoftheresponsibilitysuchas，,，andsoon.

a）Theviolationoftradesecretsissupposedtoassumecivilliability

TherearesomeprovisionsforcivilliabilityinthecontractlawofthePeople’sRepublicofchinaandanumberofadministrativerules.Article20oftheAnti-UnfairCompetitionLawalsomadeprovisionsinprinciple.Thecivilcommitmenttotheviolationoftradesecretsandcivilcasesgenerallyhaveadoptedthe"fault"principle,namedtheperformanceofsubjectiveintentandnegligence.

“Nofault”behaviordoesnotassumecivilliability;civilcommitmenthasthefollowingmainmethods:

1.Breachofcontracts.Bothpartiesshouldassumeliabilityaccordingtotheconfidentialityagreementsignedbythembefore.Althoughtheonewhobreachedthecontractdidn’tcausealosstoacreditor,hemustpaypenalsumifthecontractprovidedforrelatedmatters.Acreditorwhocausedthelossofthecontracthasbeenscheduledforthecertainamountofcompensation,whichshouldbeinaccordancewiththecontract.Butifthereisnoagreement,itcouldbebasedonactualdamages,andtheamountofcompensationshallnotexceedtheenvisagedwhenthetwosidessignedacontractloss.

2.Tortliability.Violationoftradesecretscausesharmtopeople,theamountofcompensationshouldbemeasuredbyactualloss.Ontheotherhand,itcanalsobemeasuredbytheirearnedprofitsduringtheirviolationwhenthecreditor’sactuallosscan’tbecalculateaccurately.Besides,china’sAnti-UnfairCompetitionLawhasprovisions,whichsaysthattheinfringershouldundertakethereasonablefeespentbytheinvestigationofmisconductagainsttheirlegitimaterightsandinterests.Sothecreditorshouldnotforgettoretaintheevidenceofthispartwhiletheirlegitimaterightssufferedfromviolation.

3.Thedifferentcircumstancesofthecasecanalsobea