英语四级真题及答案解析完整版.docx
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英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析
PartIWriting
【高分版】NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill
Aswehavereadfromabove,quitting-smokingseemseasy,butinrealityitisrarelyachieved.Thereissomethingprovokingandinterestinginthisparadox,justbecausesworddoesnotwearthestoneasdrippingwaterdoes.
Theabilitytodosomethingoverandoveragaininashorttimemayimplyitseasiness,butinalongrun,alifetimemaybe,thingsturnouttobequitetheopposite.Also,asisoftenthecase,onemayhaveobtainedallthetoolsandopportunitiestoachievesomething,butintheendtheystillfailduetothewillshortage.
Sohowcouldweavoidthedilemma?
Hereistheprimeconditionofsuccess:
willandperseverance.Concentrateyouenergy,thoughtandmindexclusivelyonthebusinessinwhichyouareengaged,hangoninthereandbepatient,for,asEmersonputit,noonecancheatyououtofyourultimatesuccessbutyourself.
【文章点评】
本次四级作文探讨的话题是成功与毅力之间的关系,话题不算新,一般考生对此都比较熟悉,所以对考生来说难度不大。
写好这篇作文,需要抓住两点,一是紧跟题目要求,即对上述幽默性的话语做出评论,二是在评论的基础上要亮出自己的观点。
范文开头第一句即一针见血地对上述幽默性话语做出总结性概括,即戒烟看似简单实则很难,随后指出该话语本质上是一个悖论,并且以一个“水滴石穿”的俗语来指出困难所在,这句也是本文的一个亮点,体现作者在西方俗语方面丰富的知识储备。
第二段作者则进一步深入分析该话语,指出做某事在短期看来很容易,长期来看,恰恰相反,人们做事的结果也因此总是失败,原因则在最后一句点出:
缺乏毅力。
第三段作者进一步给出了自己的观点,告诉大家如何避免陷入这种两难境地:
首要条件即需要坚强的意志和长期的坚持。
最后再以艾默生的一句名言“没人能够骗你远离你最终的成功,除非你自己承认失败”来总结全文,切中主题,铿锵有力。
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.
A)stickstothemintheirdailylife
B)makesthemknowntoothers
C)understandstheirtruevalues
D)seesthatothersalsofollowthem
【答案】A)stickstothemintheirdailylife
【解析】第一题的答案就在全文第一句。
关键词是notonly….Butalso….,关键句是Thekeytointegrityisconsistency--notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself(honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness)butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachday.这里的liveupto和选项里的stickto属于同义替换。
2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?
A)Ithelpstocreateteamspirit
B)Itfacilitatescommunication
C)Itisthebasisofmutualtrust
D)Itinspiresmutualrespect
【答案】C)Itisthebasisofmutualtrust
【解析】关键词是personalandprofessional,关键句是Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?
Thus,integritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.
结合紧接着的问句,我们很容易锁定trust这个选项。
3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake?
A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.
B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.
C.sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.
D.sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.
【答案】A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.
【解析】关键词是identifytherisks,关键句是Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.所以答案很明显是A。
4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?
A.ithascausednoharm.
B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.
C.ithasgoneunnoticed.
D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.
【答案】B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.
【解析】关键词是misconduct,关键句是Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct.和原文意义高度一致的,就是这个unintentional。
因此答案是:
B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.
5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?
A.Avoidmakingexcuses.
B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.
C.Makehisintensionspublic.
D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.
【答案】A.Avoidmakingexcuses.
【解析】关键词是fooloneself,关键句是Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest这里的watchoutfor和选项里的avoid属于同义替换。
所以答案是A。
6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.
A.willoftenbecomemorecautious
B.areusuallyveryaggressive
C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.
D.mayloseeverythingintheend
【答案】C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.
【解析】关键词是regretlater,关键句是Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmediatebenefits("what'sinitforme")。
很明显,选项valueimmediatebenefitsmost是正确答案。
这里的value和focuson属于同义替换。
7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.
A)paymoredearly
B)becomemoreconfident
C)bewidelyadmired
D)feelsomewhatlucky
【答案】A)paymoredearly
【解析】关键词是getcaught,关键句是Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.这里的higherprice和选项里的moredearly属于同义替换。
所以答案是A。
8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowtostealagrade.
【答案】stealagrade
【解析】关键词:
careabout
关键句:
I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach;allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."
9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeople’shonestyandgoodfaith.
【答案】honestyandgoodfaith
【解析】关键词是relyon,关键句是Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofotherseveryday.
10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultoftheWatergatescandal.
【答案】theWatergatescandal
【解析】关键词是politicalandeconomicleaders,关键句是Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.
PartIIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
11.
W:
Thiscrazybusschedulehasgotmecompletelyconfused.Ican’tfigureoutwhenmybustoClevelandleaves?
M:
Whydon’tyoujustgototheticketwindowandask?
Q:
Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?
【答案】B)Goandaskthestaff.
【解析】这是一道事实细节题。
从对话中可知,女士搞不清楚列车时刻表,男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。
ticketwindow售票窗口。
12.
W:
IreallyenjoyedtheTVspecialaboutdraftslastnight.Didyougethomeintimetoseeit?
W:
Oh,yes,butIwishIcouldhavestayedawakelongenoughtoseethewholething.
Q:
Whatdoesthemanmean?
【答案】A)HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.
【解析】这是道推理判断题,考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。
couldhavedone意为本可以做某事,但未做。
从对话中可知,男士确实回家看了电视节目,但是他说道:
IwishIcouldhavestayedawakelongenoughtoseethewholething.我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着,这样我就可以看完整场节目了。
说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。
13.
W:
Airport,please.I’mrunningalittlelate.Sojusttakethefastestwayevenifit’snotthemostdirect.
M:
Sure,butthereisalotoftrafficeverywheretodaybecauseofthefootballgame.
Q:
Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?
【答案】B)Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.
【解析】这是道场景题,略有难度。
刚开始,我们还无法很快判断出该对话发生的场景,很多同学一听到airport可能会误以为对话发生在机场,但如果我们继续听下去,就会发现,该对话应该发生在出租车上,因为女士说了句“请选择最快的路”,而男士说“因为有球赛,所以到处都交通拥堵”可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。
选项A不对,原文是说要挑thefastestway哪怕不是themostdirectway;选项C也不准确,才刚上车,并没有拥堵,司机只是提前说明因为球赛会碰到拥堵;选项D错误,女士是为了赶去乘飞机的,而不是去看球赛。
14.
W:
MayImakearecommendation,sir?
Ourseafoodwiththisspecialsauceisverygood.
M:
Thankyou,butIdon’teatshellfish.I’mallergictoit.
Q:
Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?
【答案】A)Atarestaurant
【解析】这是道场景题,较为简单。
从对话中可知,女士希望向男士推荐一道菜,从首句中即可推断出该对话最有可能发生在餐馆中,男士说,他过敏,不吃贝壳类海鲜,可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。
15.
W:
Nowonemorequestionifyoudon’tmind,whatpositioninthecompanyappealstoyoumost?
M:
Well,I’dlikethepositionofsalesmanagerifthatpositionisstillvacant.
Q:
Whatdowelearnabouttheman?
【答案】A)Heisbeinginterviewedforajob.
【解析】这是较为简单的细节推理题。
从position,company这几个关键词中,我们就可以快速判断出此题的场景为面试,因此男士应该正在接受一场面试。
C选项错误,他想要销售经理的职位,但并不表示他本身就是销售经理。
16.
M:
Idon’tthinkIwanttoliveinthedormitorynextyear.Ineedmoreprivacy.
W:
Iknowwhatyoumean.Butcheckoutthecostifrentinganapartmentfirst.Iwon’tbesurprisedifyouchangeyourmind.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanimply?
【答案】B)Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.
【解析】这是推理判断题,询问女士的言下之意。
最后一句,女士表示“你改变主意的话,我不会觉得奇怪”,可知,男士不太可能搬出宿舍。
A选项是个干扰项,虽然该选项看上去意思和B选项差不多,但对话中并没有提到男士想找一个更安静的地方,他想搬离寝室,是为了更多的个人空间。
17.
M:
You’reontherighttrack.Ijustthinkyouneedtonarrowthetopicdown.
W:
Yeah,you’reright.IalwaysstartbychoosingtwoboardertopicswhenI’mdoingaresearchpaper.
Q:
Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?
【答案】D)Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.
【解析】这是推理判断题。
从对话中可知,男士希望女士缩小主题的范围,女士回答“你是对的。
”说明女士会采纳男士的建议,缩小主题。
18.
W:
Thispicnicshouldbeatthelastonewewentto,doesn’tit?
M:
Oh,yeah,wehadtospendthewholetimeinside.Goodthing,theweatherwascooperativethistime.
Q:
Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakersfromtheconversation?
【答案】B)Theydidn’tquiteenjoytheirlastpicnic.
【解析】这是推理判断题。
beat一词是个难点,beat本意有“打败”的意思,这次的野餐打败了上次,即这次比上次好,下文中,男士说“上次我们不得不呆在室内,但这次天气不错。
”可以再次确认他们不喜欢上次的野餐,因此,正确答案为B。
ConversationOne
【听力原文】
M:
WhenIsayIliveinSweden,peoplealwayswanttoknowabouttheseasons.
W:
Theseasons?
M:
Yeah,youknowhowcolditisinwinter?
Whatisitlikewhenthedaysaresoshort?
W:
Sowhatisitlike?
M:
Well,itiscold,verycoldinwinter.Sometimesitiscoldas26degreesbelowcentigrade.Andofcoursewhenyougoout,you’llwrapupwarm.Butinsideinthehousesit’salwaysverywarm,muchwarmerthanathome.SwedishpeoplealwayscomplainthatwhentheyvisitEngland,thehousesarecoldeveninthegoodwinter.
W:
Andwhataboutthedarkness?
M:
Well,yeah,aroundChristmastimethere’sonlyonehourofdaylight,soyoureallylooksforwardtothespring.Itissometimesabitdepressing.Butyouseethesummersareamazing,fromMaytoJulyintheNorthofSwedenthesunneversets.It’sstilllightinthemidnight.Youcanwalkinthemountainsandreadanewspaper.
W:
Oh,yeah,thelandofthemidnightsun.
M:
Yeah,that’sright,butit’swonderful.Youwanttostayupallnight,andtheSweden’smademostofit.Oftentheystartedworkearlierinsummerandthenleaveatabout2or3intheafternoon,sothattheycanreallyenjoythelongsummerevenings.They’dliketoworkhard,butplayhard,too.IthinkLondonersworklongerhours,butI’mnotsurethisisagoodthing.
【听力材料评析】这篇长对