学年高三英语一模试题及答案.docx

学年高三英语一模试题及答案.docx

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学年高三英语一模试题及答案

2020-2021学年高三英语一模试题及答案

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

TheOriginsofFamousBrands

Ourlivesarefullofbrandnamesandtrademarkedproductsthatweuseeveryday.Althoughmanybrandnamesaresimpleacronyms（首字母缩略词）orversionsoftheirfoundersnames,someofthecompanieswetrusteverydayactuallyhavefascinatingandsurprisingbackstories.

Starbucks

Itseemsfittingthatthemostfamouscoffeebrandintheworldwouldtakeitsnamefromoneoftheworld’sgreatestworksofliterature.TheinspirationforthenameofthecoffeehousecamefromHermanMelville’sMobyDick.Thefounders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventuallydecidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthenameinstead.

Google

GooglewasoriginallycalledBackrub,foritsearchedforlinksineverycorneroftheWeb.In1997,whenthefoundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidlyimprovingsearchtechnology,afriendsuggestedtheword“googol”.Whenafriendtriedtoregisterthenewdomain（域）name,hemisspelled“googol”as“google”.

Nike

OriginallyfoundedasadistributorforJapaneserunningshoes,thecompanywasoriginallynamedBRS,orBlueRibbonSports.In1971,BRSintroduceditsownsoccershoe,amodelcalledNike,whichisalsothenamefortheGreekgoddessofvictory.In1978,thecompanyofficiallyrenameditselfasNike,Inc.

Therightnameisessentialtoacompany’ssuccess,andagreatoriginstoryisjustasimportantasagreatproduct.Anattractiveoriginstoryisonemorethingthatkeepscustomersguessing,wondering,andbuyingitsproducts.

1.WhatisthenameoftheCaptainAhab’sship?

A.MobyDick.B.Starbucks.

C.Pequot.D.HermanMelville.

2.WhydidthefoundersoftheGooglewanttochangeitsname?

A.Theymistooktheirname.

B.Theywantednewcustomers.

C.Thecompany’soriginalnamewastoolong.

D.Thecompany’ssearchtechnologywasimprovingrapidly.

3.Wheredoestheimportanceoftheoriginstoryofonecompanyliein?

A.Itcanchangethecompany’simage.

B.Itcanaddmythtothecompany.

C.Itexplainsthedevelopmentofthecompanytocustomers.

D.Itmakescustomersimagineandpurchaseitsgoods.

B

APhDstudentinMichigandefendedherpaperwhilewearingaskirtmadeofrejectionlettersshereceivedwhilestudying.29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.

Shesaidthattheideabehindheruniqueclothingitemcameoutofadesiretonormalizerejectionandtakeprideinovercomingit."Thewholeprocessofrevisitingthoseoldlettersandmakingthatskirtsortofremindedmethatyouhavetoapplytoalotofthingstosucceed,"shesaid."Anaturalpartoftheprocessistogetrejectedalongtheway."

Caitlin'sadviser,JulieLibarkin,aprofessorofearthandenvironmentalscienceatMichiganStateUniversity,alsoencouragestheacceptanceoffailureinherstudents.Libarkinbelievesit'simportantforstudentstogetintohabitofapplyingforthings,andtogetusedtothefeelingofrejection,sosheencouragesthemtochaseafteranyopportunitythatcomestheirway.Ifastudentdoesn'tgetthegrantorthespotintheacademicjournal,that'sokay.They'llstillhavelearnedsomethingintheprocess.

AsforCaitlin?

Herrejectionsovertheyearshaveledtogreatthings:

Sinceherdoctorate,she'swonascholarshiptodofurtherresearchonurbanagricultureinGermany.

Currently,she'sapost-doctoralresearcherattheUniversityofNebraska-Lincoln.Asforwhatthefutureholds?

"I'mpreparedtoreceiveafewmorerejectionlettersalongtheway,"shejokedheartily,"MaybeI'llmakealongerskirt."

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutCaitlinKirby'srejectionletters?

A.Shereceived17rejectionsintotal.

B.29ofherrejectionswerefromjournals.

C.Therejectionswereconnectedintoafan.

D.Shemadesomerejectionlettersintoaskirt.

5.WhatisJulieLibarkin'sattitudetowardsCaitlin'saction?

A.Favorable.B.Ambiguous.

C.Skeptical.D.Opposed.

6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeCatlin?

A.Creativeandconsiderate.B.Caringanddetermined.

C.Optimisticandhumorous.D.Generousandintelligent.

7.WhichofthefollowingmayCaitlinagreewith?

A.Hardworkpaysoff.

B.Educationistheentrancetosuccess.

C.Self-respectearnsmorerespect.

D.Oneneedstonormalizefailures.

C

WhenIwas13,Ilostmysight.Sincethen,Ihadlearnedtogetaboutwithawalkingstick,buthadtostayathomebecausemyparentsthoughtIwouldgetlostorrobbed,evengethitbyacar.

I,however,believedIcouldregainmywayifIlostit.Aneighbortoldmethatapubliclibrarywasofferingafreecoursedesignedfortheblind.That'sanimportantopportunityformetokilltwobirdswithonestone:

Icouldpracticemygetting—aboutskillsonmywaytolearningpracticaltechnology.Myparentssettledforit.

ButhowwouldIplanmycourse?

IknewthattheblindsingerRayCharles,getaroundwithoutawalkingstickbycountingsteps.ButIcouldn'tseemtodothatthewayhehad.Idevelopedthepowerofmyimagination,catchingthelayout（布局）ofplacesIvisitedandtakingnoteoflandmarksinmymind.EverytimeIvisitedaplace,thementalmapI'ddrawnwouldturnupandhelpedmewiththedirection.Butthatdoesn'tmeanIdidn'tlosemywayintheprocessofacquiringthisskill.I'dhavetoswallow（吞下）mypridetoaskkindstrangersforhelp.

OnthosedaysIlostmyway,I'dgotobedfeelingdown.Butmydesirestobeatblindnessandfurthermyeducationwereusuallyenoughtogetmeoutofbedthenextdayandtryagain.Today,I'mapublishedreporterandaudioproducer.

Yes,I'velostmywayattimesandfounditagain.Andwhenpeopleaskme,

"Aren'tyouafraidtobeoutonyourown?

”theanswertomeisclear：

I'dratherriskandfindhappinessthansticktosafetyandbepainful.

Now,impressedbymyprogress,myfathertoldmymother,"Ourboycansee!

".

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrases“settledfor"inthesecondparagraphmean?

A.Talkedabout.B.Stuckto.

C.Agreedto.D.Caredabout.

9.Howdidtheauthorgoaroundonhisownafterlosinghissight?

A.Hecreatedpicturesofplacesinhismind.

B.Hedrewamaponthepapertohelphim.

C.Hewasalwaysaskingstrangersfordirections.

D.Hethrewawaythewalkingstickandcountedsteps.

10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?

A.Determinedandadventurous.B.Patientandintelligent.

C.Warm-heartedandpositive.D.Adventurousandoutgoing.

11.Howdidtheauthor'sparentsfeelabouthisprogress?

A.Concerned.B.Surprised.

C.Confident.D.Proud.

D

WhenJenniferDoudnawasinsixthgrade,shecamehomeonedaytofindthatherdadhadleftabooktitledTheDoubleHelixonherbed.Sheputitaside,thinkingitwasoneofthosedetectivetalessheloved.

OnarainySaturday,shepickedupthebook.Asshespedthroughthepages,shebecamefascinatedbythedrama,whichencouragedhertoexplorenature'swonders.Eventhoughherhighschoolteachertoldherthatgirlsdidn'tbecomescientists,shedecidedshewould.

Sheworkedwithabiologist,Charpentier,toturnacuriosityofnatureintoaninvention—aneasy-to-usetoolthatcaneditDNA.KnownasCrispr,thetoolwilltransformthehumanrace.JamesWatson,theauthorofTheDoubleHelix,latertoldheritwasthemostimportantbiologicaladvance:

sinceheandFrancisCrickdiscoveredthestructureofDNA.

Forthisachievement,DoudnaandCharpentierwereawardedtheNobelPrizeinChemistryin2020.Untilnow,onlyfivewomen,beginningwithMarieCuriein1911,hadwonorsharedtheNobelforChemistryoutof184awardwinners.Whenthisyear'sprizewasannounced,Dr.Charpentiersaiditwouldprovideamessagespecificallytoyounggirlswhowouldliketofollowthepathofscienceandtoshowthemthatwomencanalsobeawardedprizes.

Afewdecadesfromnow,ifitbecomespossibleandsatetoeditDNA,shouldweallowparentstoimprovetheIQandphysicalstrengthoftheirkids?

Shouldweletthemdecideeyecolor1?

Skincolor1?

Height?

AfterhelpingtodiscoverCrispr,Dr.Doudnahasbecomealeaderinconsideringthesemoralissues.That'sthemainmessageweshouldtakefromthisNobel:

Newtechnologiescanbeahugebenefittothehumanrace,butinordertomakesuretheyareusedwisely,it'simportantforpeopletounderstandthem.

12.JenniferDoudnadecidedtobecomeascientistbecause,__________

A.herfatherpushedherB.abookinspiredher

C.herteacherencouragedherD.JamesWatsonmotivatedher

13.Dr.DoudnawasawardedtheNobelPrizebecause,__________.

A.shewrotethebook“TheDoubleHelix"B.shediscoveredthestructureofDNA

C.sheisahardworkingwomanscientistD.shehelpedinventatoolforeditingDNA

14.Accordingtopassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thetwowomen'ssuccesswillinspiremoregirlstobedevotedtoscience.

B.Since1911,therehavebeen184peoplewhowontheNobelforchemistry.

C.Ifgirlsfollowthepathofscience,theywillsurelyachievetheirgoals.

D.Crisprwillmakeabigdifferencetothehumanrace.

15.WhichwordscanbestdescribeJenniferDoudna?

A.Determinedandresponsible.B.Ambitiousandhumorous.

C.Cruelandindifferent.D.Fearlessandstubborn.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项

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