赖世雄高级美语.docx

赖世雄高级美语.docx

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赖世雄高级美语

赖世雄高级美国英语教程

Catalog

Lesson1 Let’sVisitNewYork!

  -1-

Lesson2 TheAmish  -3-

Lesson3 IndoorPollution  -5-

Lesson4 Pizzas,Please!

  -7-

Lesson5 HotAnimalsaroundtheWorld:

Chameleons  -9-

Lesson6 TableMannersinAnglo-America  -11-

Lesson7 TheDelightsofSouthIsland  -14-

Lesson8 Ireland'sContributiontoEnglish  -16-

Lesson9 WhyIsBasketballSoPopular?

  -19-

Lesson10 MarlenaSmallsandtheGullah:

TheRevivalofaUniqueCommunity  -21-

Lesson11 EnglishintheCaribbean  -23-

Lesson12 TheLouvre:

TheWorld'sBestMuseum?

  -25-

Lesson13 TheIvyLeagueSchools:

ExcellenceinEducation  -27-

Lesson14 AlpineTreasures  -29-

Lesson15 Webcams:

ElectronicsToolortheEndofPrivacy?

  -31-

Lesson16 WhenIstheBestTime?

  -33-

Lesson17 PreciousandSemi-PreciousStones  -36-

Lesson18 HotAnimalsAroundtheWorld:

TheKoala  -39-

Lesson19 AsianAmericans  -42-

Lesson20 ScourgeofthePlains:

Tornadoes  -45-

Lesson21 What'sSoBigaboutMobyDick?

  -48-

Lesson22 Boston:

HearthofAmericanCulture  -50-

Lesson23 Paper'sLongMarch  -53-

Lesson24 CoffeeorTeaBreak?

  -55-

Lesson25 EarthquakePrecautions  -57-

Lesson26 Berries:

Nature'sNaturalDesserts  -59-

Lesson27 TheGlobalProliferationofEnglish  -61-

Lesson28 TipsonEnglishBodyLanguage  -63-

Lesson29 TheFundamentalsofPublicSpeaking  -65-

Lesson30 NewOrleans:

BirthplaceofJazz  -68-

Lesson31 TheFineArtofGiving  -71-

Lesson32 ProfessionalTelephoneEtiquette  -73-

Lesson33 DidYouRememberYourTickets?

  -76-

Lesson34 EnglishSmallTalkTopics:

WhatIsOKandWhatIsNot?

  -79-

Lesson35 HotAnimalsaroundtheWorld:

ThePanda  -82-

Lesson36 Vancouver:

Asia'sNewestCity  -84-

Lesson37 TheGermanicLanguages  -86-

Lesson38 LearningHowtoApologize  -89-

Lesson1 Let’sVisitNewYork!

NewYork,NewYork.Thecitysonicetheynamedittwice.

ThesewordswereusedtodescribeNewYorkWhenitwasbyfarthelargest,richest,andmostdevelopedcityintheUnitedStates．NewYorkstillremainsthelargestandmostfamouscityintheU.S.Today,butsomeofits"nice"reputationhasfallenoverthepastthirtyyearswithstoriesoframpantcrimemakingheadlinesaroundtheworld.Howtruearethesestories?

IsNewYorkstilla"nice"placetovisit?

Ifso,whatcanatouristdoinNewYork?

Let'stakeacloserlookatAmerica'spremiercity.

First,aspersonalandsocialsecurityarealwaysuppermostinthemindsoftravelers,justhow"dangerous"acityisNewYork?

Despitetheglaringheadlines,NewYork,locatedinthenortheasternU.S.,isoneofthesafestcitiesintheU.S.Infact,NewYorkstates（whichincludeNewYorkcitythus,"NewYork,NewYork,thecitysonicetheynamedittwice"）ranksbelowotherbig-populationStateslikeCaliforniainbothviolentcrime（ofmuchconcerntothetourist）andpropertycrime.Othermajorciteshavehighercrimerates,too.Thus,theforeigntravelertoNewYorkCitycanfeelmoresecureherethaninmostotherlargemetropolitanareasoftheU.S.

Besidessafety,whydomoreforeignersvisitNewYorkthananyotherAmericancity?

TheanswerliesinthecharacterofNewYorkitself.Noothercityintheworldismorecosmopolitan.Awalkthroughitshundredsofresidentialneighborhoodsislikewalkingaroundtheworlditself.PlacenameslikeChinatownandlittleItalycanbefoundonanymapofNewYork,butsmallerethnicneighborhoodsalsoabound.Also,allthesegroupssponsorannualorseasonalfestivals,sothatnearlyeveryweekoneormoreofthesepeopleswillsharetheirculturalexperiences（andfood!

）withotherNewYorkers.

Becauseofthisunsurpassedethnicdiversity,therestaurantgoerwillfeelthathehasdiedandgonetoheavenwhileinNewYork.Thereishardlyacuisineontheplanetthatisnotrepresentedhere.Evenbetter,manyoftheseexoticrestaurantsarereasonablypriced.OneisneverfarfromarestaurantinNewYork.TherearethousandsofChineserestaurantsalone.

Besidestheinternationallyfamoussight-seeingattractions-mostlyintheborough（district）ofManhattan-suchastheStatueofLiberty,theworldtradecenterwithitstwo110-storytowers,WallStreet,theUnitedNations,andBroadway,manyotherinterestingplacesawaitthecurioustraveler.TheBronxZoointhenorthernboroughoftheBronxisoneoftheworld’sbest.TheboroughofQueensoffersagreatvarietyofethnicresidentialneighborhoods.BrooklyncontainstheBotanicalGardens,ConeyIsland（abeachwithanamusementPark）,andJ.F.K.InternationalAirport.Finally,StatenIsland,thesmallestborough,stillaffordsaLookatwhatNewYorkusedtobelike,includingafarm!

Forculturelovers,NewYorkhasmoremuseumsthananyothercity,butsomeofthesearenotinternationallyknown.Avisittoanyofthesehistorical,technical,ethnic,oracademicmuseumsiswellworththetime.NewYork'sart,music,dance,andfashionscenesareameccafortheyoungandprofessionalalike.TheinternetwebsiteforspecificinformationonNewYorkCityandstatetourismiswww.iloveny.state.ny.us.Atoll-freenumberfortouristsalreadyintheU.S.orCanadaisalsoavailableat1-800-call-NYS.

Nomatterwhatyourinterestis,ifitcanbefoundinanurbanenvironment,itcanbefoundinNewYork.Itseightmillioncitizenshailfromeverycorneroftheglobe,buttheyareunitedintheloveoftheirchallengingbutrewardingcity.Asthelocalstheresay,"Sure,youhavetobealittlecrazytoliveinNewYork,butyou'dbenutstoliveanywhereelse!

"

Lesson2 TheAmish

Inthelandofrockandroll,thespaceshuttle,andcomputerizedliving,whocouldimaginethatabout50,000Americansdonotusetelephones,electriclights,orcars,notbecausetheyarepoor,butoutofchoice?

Ashardasthismaybetoimagine,theAmish,ormoreproperly,theAmishMennonites,stillliveatraditional,rurallifestyledirectfrom17thcenturyEurope!

TounderstandtheseuniqueAmericansbetter,itisnecessarytounderstandtheirhistory.BeginningwiththerevolutionstartedbyMartinLuther,leaderoftheProtestantReformationinGermanyinthe16thcentury,Europewaswrackedbyreligiouswarsforseveralhundredyears.ModemEuropeisaproductofthesewarsandofthepoliticalandreligiousphilosophiesofthosetimes.ThemainfiguresinthistragicperiodweretheRomanCatholicChurchandtheProtestants,thosewhorebelledagainstpapalrulefromRome.AmongthethousandsofsplintergroupsformedoutsideofRome'sreligiousruleweretheMennonites,agroupofparticularlyconservative,ruralChristianssituatedinwhatistodaySwitzerland,partofeasternFrance,andsouthernGermany.

Tomakealongstoryshort,theMennoniteAmishweresoconservativethattheymademoreenemiesthanfiends.Inordertopreservetheirpeculiarlifestyle,theybegantoimmigratetotheBritishcoloniesinNorthAmericainabout1720（beforeCanadaandtheUnitedStateswereformedasindependentcountries）.Theretheyfoundthereligiousfreedomtheyhadsought.AmishsettlementssprangupinthecoloniesandterritoriesofPennsylvania,Ohio&IndianaaswellasinOntario,inwhatistodayCanada.Surprisingly,therearenoAmishgroupstodayinEurope.

Littlehaschangedabouttheirlifestylesincethen.JusthowconservativearetheAmish?

AgroupofAmishlookslikeacastfromabiblicalmovieset.Allthemenwearlargebrimmedblackhats,beards（butnotmustaches）,andclothesmadebytheirwives.Thewomenwearahaircoveringcalledabonnet,longdresses,andblackshoes.EventhoughallAmishmenandwomenmarry,youwillnotseeaweddingring,foreventhissimplesttypeofjewelryisbannedamongthem.TheAmishareprimarilyfarmers,andgoodones,despitethefactthattheydonotusemodemfarmmachinery.Theirchildrenareeducatedinlocalprimaryschools,butsecondaryeducationisinthehome.Sundaysarespentmostlyinchurch.AnolddialedofGermanmixedwithEnglishisusedinchurchandathome.TheirlivesareuncomplicatedandfewAmishleavetheirhomestoenterthemainstreamAmericansociety.

RuralPennsylvaniawheremostoftheAmishliveisbeautifulcountryside.Ifyouhavetheopportunitytodrivethroughthegentle,rollinghillsamidstlushfarmlands,perhapsyouwillseeahorseandbuggydrivenbyafamilydressedmostlyinblack.ThesearetheAmish,anenduringandendearingpeople.

Lesson3 IndoorPollution

Doyouthinkthatbystayingathomeyouaresafefromalltheterriblekindsofpollutionpresentoutdoors,suchasinornearfactories,roads,andgarbagedumps?

Doyouthinkthatbystayinginyourofficeyouarebreathingcleaner,saferairthanwhenyougooutsideforlunchorareonthewaybackhomefromwork?

Thinkagain.RecentresearchdoneattheUniversityofTexashasshownthatstayingindoorsmayactuallybemoreharmfultoone'shealththanbeingoutdoorseveninsmoggycities.

Apparently,wearesafeneitherathomenorinthebusinessoffice.Weusewaterinbothplaces,buttheabove-mentionedresearchshowsthatchemicalsaddedtoourlocalwatersupplytokillharmfulbacteriacanhaveunwantedsideeffects.Thesechemicalscancausepotentialharmthroughdrinkingandinseeminglyharmlessactivitiesascleaningone'shouse.Theseadditivesarereleasedfromwaterbydailyactionslikewaterrunningoutoffaucets,sprayingfromgardenhoses,orsplashingindishwashersandwashingmachines.Asthewaterisagitated,thesechemicalsarereleasedintotheairandthenbreathedin.Onceinsideourbodies,theystarttoaffectourhealt