英综book3unit1A Brush with the LawWord文件下载.docx
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court:
InEngland,amagistrateisapersonappointedtotryminoroffences.Heiseitheranunpaidlaymanor,inLondonandsomeotherlargecities,apaidjudicialofficer.
InEngland,everydistricthasamagistrate'
scourt.Itisthelowestcourtoflaw.Themagistrates'
courtcanonlytrypeopleforminor,i.e.notveryserious,offences.Itcannotgiveprisonsentencestotalingmorethan12months,norcanitorderfinesofmorethan400poundsforoneoffence.
（2）.Lawyer,solicitor,barrister:
Lawyeristhegeneraltermforanyonewhoseworkitistoadvisehisclientsaboutthelawandrepresentthemincourt.
Asolicitorisalawyerwhogivesadvice,appearsinlowercourts,andpreparescasesforabarristertoargueinahighercourt.
Abarristerisalawyerwhohastherightofspeakingandarguinginthehighercourtsoflaw.Ifapersongetsintotroublewiththepolice,hewillprobablyaskasolicitortohelppreparehisdefenceand,ifthedefenceistobeheardinaMagistrates'
Court,hecanaskaSolicitortoappearforhimandarguehiscase.Ifthecasegoestoahighercourt,thesolicitorstilladviseshim,buthemustgetabarristertoappearforhim.
（3）.TheSixties'
“youthcounterculture”:
Theword“counterculture”wascoinedonthe1960'
sfortheattitudeandlifestyleofmanyyoungpeoplewhorejectedconventionalsocialvaluesanddemandedmorepersonalfreedom.ThecounterculturefirstaroseintheU.Sduringthe1960'
sandsoonspreadtoBritain,Franceandotherwesterncountries.TheseyoungpeoplewereopposedtotheVietnamWaranddissatisfiedwiththeexistingstateofaffairsintheirsociety.Yet,unabletofindamoreconstructivewayofstrugglingagainstthese,theyindulgedthemselvesinsex,drugs,alcoholandrockmusicandtookgreatprideinwearinglonghairandunusualclothesandintakingupanythingthatwasunconventional.SomepeoplecallthemHippies.Thecounterculturedeclinedinthelate1970'
s.
（4）.MiddleClass:
InBritain,themiddleclassincludesprofessionalpeoplesuchasdoctors,lawyersandarchitects,barbersandownersofbusiness.Itisbetweennobilityandtheworkingclass.
2）课文的文体及特点：
本文是一篇记叙文。
2、理解课文的主题思想，掌握课文的篇章结构。
MainIdea:
Ittellsaboutanincidentinthe60sintheUK,Boththecircumstancesforarrestandreleasearearbitrary,dependingonaperson'
sappearance,familystatusandthelikeinsteadofthefacts.
Thistextcanbedividedintothreesections:
A:
Sectionone:
（Para1）:
Anunpleasantexperiencethatmakesagoodstorynow.
B:
Sectiontwo（Para2-19）:
Theprocessofthearbitraryarrestandrelease.
C:
Sectionthree（Para20-22）:
Theauthor'
sfinalremarks.
3、通过本课程的学习，学生应熟练掌握并运用以下词汇、短语、句型：
1）重点词汇：
accent,brush,arbitrary,award,belief,brilliant,casual,circumstance,conduct,confirm,dismiss,employment,fate,given,guilty,presumably,revolve,subsequent,temporary,commit,trial,wander,respectable,reliable,meanwhile,witness
2）重点短语、句型：
acoupleof,call（up）on,saveup,takesb.tocourt,standachance,takeone'
stime,turnout,turnagainst,regard...as
A类词汇（四级高频词汇，要求学生准确掌握拼写、文章中的词义、用法及其相关的词性转换、词义或用法的补充）
1.brush【教材】n.ashortfightorquarrel;
anargumentordisagreement小冲突，争吵，争议
--tohaveabrushwiththepolice/theCustommen/theenemy
n:
implementofbristles,hair,wire刷子
clothesbrush,atoothbrush,hairbrush,paintbrush
2.arbitrarya.1）basedonone'
sownwishesorwillratherthanreason.随心所欲的，任意的2）武断的，专断的
-Ifaleadermakesdecisionswithoutconductinginvestigations,heisbeingarbitrary.
-Thearbitrarydecisionsofthefactoryownerscauseddissatisfactionamongtheworkers.
-Thekingisanarbitraryruler.这个国王是个专横的统治者。
【补充】arbitern.仲裁人，公断人
arbitratev.仲裁
arbitrala.仲裁的，公断的
3.circumstance【教材】n.condition,fact,etcconnectedwithaneventoraperson环境，情况，情形；
（pl.）境遇，状况
-Becauseofcircumstancesbeyondourcontrolthemeetingwascancelled.
【补充】under/inthecircumstances在此情况下，既然如此
【辨异】circumstance,surroundings,environment,setting
1circumstance（s）某事或动作发生时的情况
2surroundings专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼
3environment可指自然环境，也可指人的精神环境，均从环境对人的感受、道德以及观念的影响着眼
4setting指为了突出某个主题二存在的背景，环境
Thechildrengrewupinbeautifulsurroundingsbutnotinahappyhomeenvironment.孩子们在美丽的环境中长大，但是却缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。
Andyetweallknowpeoplewhoarefilledwithjoy,despitetheunpleasantcircumstancesoftheirlives.我们都了解那些被快乐包围的人，尽管他们生活中也会遇到不开心的情形。
Thisisapictureofmyhouse.Inthesetting,youcanseemountains.这是我家房子的照片，从背景上你能看到山。
4.subsequent【教材】a.comingafter,following.随后的，接下来的
Thestorywillbecontinuedinsubsequentissuesofthemagazine.
Subsequenteventsprovedmewrong
【补充】subsequentlyadv.
subsequencen.连续，一连串
【辨异】consequence随后发生的结果，后果;
consequent;
consequently
Consequently;
sotherefore.
Asaconsequence;
asaresult.
5.due【教材】adj.
1）expectedorschedulestoarriveorbeready;
supposedto预定的，预期的，到期的
ThetrainfromBeijingisdueat1:
30.
HewasduetoarriveinLondontomorrow.
TheirfirstbabyisdueinJanuary
2）causedby,owingto,becauseof由于因为
Hisabsencewasduetoillness
Duetohisbadtemper,mostpeopleavoidhim
3）tobepaidorreturned应该支付的，应该给予的
Moneyisduetohimforhiswork
Therentbecomesduenextweek
4）proper适当的，正当的，适宜的
Afterdueconsideration,hedecidedtoaccepttheposition
Hehandledthematterwithduecare
6.temporary【教材】a.lastingforashorttimeonly短暂的，暂时的，临时的
Ant.permanent
-Thisisnotmypermanentaddress;
itisonlyatemporaryone.
【辨异】contemporarya.当代的，同时代的
7.commit【教材】
1）todo（sth.wrong,bad,foolish,orunlawful）犯罪，犯错
----wanderingwithintenttocommitanarrestableoffence
TheycommittedhorriblecrimesagainsttheChinesepeople
~suicide\anerror\murder
2）deliver,handoverforsafekeeping把。
。
托付给，委托，委任
Theinsanemanwascommittedtoanasylum
Hecommittedhischildtothecareofanursery
3）topromisetoacertainopinion,courseofaction,oracause保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）
Hewouldn’tcommithimselfonanyissue
Ihavecommittedmyselftohelp/helpinghim
8.dismiss【教材】v.1）（ofajudge）stop（acourtcase）,refusetoconsidera（complaintplea,）inacourt.驳回，对。
不予受理
--Themagistratedismissedthecasebecauseoflackofevidence.
2）免职，解雇
IwasfrightenedtodeaththatIwouldbedismissed.
9.award【教材】v.giveorgrant.授予，给予
--Whowasawardedthefirstprizeofscholarshiplastsemester?
n.奖品，奖金
hewontheawardof$1000.
【补充】reward:
rewardsomebodyforsth./rewardsomebodywithsth
Reward名词n.
1.报酬,报答,奖赏,报偿
Hewillexpectsomerewardafterworkingsohard.
他工作很努力,会得到报偿的。
2.赏金,酬金
Thepoliceareofferingabigrewardforinformationabouttherobbery.
警方出大笔赏金要求提供那起抢劫案的破案线索。
及物动词vt.
1.酬谢,奖赏
HowcanIrewardyourkindness?
我怎样才能报答你的好心呢?
Thosewhoprotecttheoilfieldwillberewarded.
保护油田者有奖。
10.charge【教材】vt.
1）accuse控诉，控告，指控；
指责
Theychargedhimwithmurder.
2）toaskinpayment索（价）；
收（费）；
要（人）支付（若干费用）
Hechargedmefiftydollarsforhisservices.
3）togiveasaduty使承担（任务等）；
使负责；
把担子加在…上，嘱托
Heischargedwithheavyresponsibilities
4）torushinanattack进攻
Wechargedandtheenemy'
sfrontlinefellback.
我们一冲锋,敌人的阵线就后退了。
Thesoldierschargedtheenemy.
【补充】n.
1）accusation指责,指控,控告
Achargeofburglarywasenteredagainsthim
2）cost,price费用
Itcanbeobtainedonveryreasonablecharges
atone’sowncharges\freeofcharge
3）positionofcare,controlorresponsibilityforaperson,groupororganization掌管，控制，任务，责任
Arrestingcriminalsarethechargeofthepolice
takechargeof=beinchargeofin\underthechargeof=in\underone’scharge
4）attack猛攻，冲突
Hewaskilledwhileleadingthechargeatthebattle.
11.conduct【教材】v.manage;
direct;
carryout.控制,指导，管理，经营；
进行；
实施；
处理
Theyhiredagentstoconducttheircompany.
他们雇请代理人来管理他们的公司。
Afterfailingdozensoftimesorso,Dr.Wilsondecidedtoconducttheexperimentinadifferentway.
B类词汇（四级词汇，要求学生准确掌握拼写、文章中的词义、用法）
1）.faten.whatwillhappenorhappenedtosb.orsth.命运
2）.employmentn.one'
sregularworkoroccupation;
job职业；
工作
3）.wandervi.moveaboutwithoutapurpose闲逛；
漫游
4）.casuala.careless;
informal漫不经心的；
随便的
5）.beliefn.somethingbelieved;
trust相信；
信念；
信仰
6）.thorougha.havingorshowingabadcharacter;
十足的
7）.witnessn.apersonwhogivesevidenceinacourtoflaw;
sth.servingasevidenceorproof证人；
证据
8）.trialn.theactorfactofexamininganddecidingacivilorcriminalcasebyalaw审判
9）.court法院；
法庭
10）.costn.（pl.）thecostofhavingamattersettledinalawcourt.esp.thatpaidtothewinningpartybythelosingparty诉讼费
11）.accentn.wayofspeakingtypicalofthenativesorresidentsofaregion,orofanyothergroup口音；
腔调
12）.guiltya.havingbrokenalaw;
showingorfeelinghatonehasdonewrong有罪的；
内疚的
13）.brillianta.causinggreatadmirationorsatisfaction;
splendid辉煌的；
卓越的
14）.meanwhilead.duringthesameperiodoftime同时
15）.presumablyad.probably
16）.successfula.havingdonewhatonehastriedtodo;
havinggainedahighpositioninlife,one'
sjob,etc.成功的；
有成就的
17）meanwhile：
duringthesameperiodoftime.同时;
其间
Icontinuedworking,meanwhile,hewentoutshopping.
我继续工作,这期间他出去买东西。
18）reliablea.worthyoftrust;
dependable.（Antonym）unreliable可靠的,可信赖的
Mr.Johnson'
ssecretaryisefficientandreliable.
19）respe
升级会员 