精准解析山东省济南市章丘区第四中学届高三模拟英语试题.docx

精准解析山东省济南市章丘区第四中学届高三模拟英语试题.docx

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精准解析山东省济南市章丘区第四中学届高三模拟英语试题

高三英语模拟试题

第一部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

TravelinEurope

InsteadofSantorini,Tinos

Santorinihasbeenstrugglingwithovertourismforyears,avictimofitsownsuccessaftertheisland,andtheGreekgovernment,soughttoluretouristsbackfollowingan8-yearfinancialcrisisNowthisidyllicdestinationhasreachedasaturationpoint.

AmoreauthenticGreece—theonethatSantoriniofferedbeforethecrowds—canbefoundintheCycladichavenofTinos.Withitsownenchantingsunsetsandruggedcharm,thisunder-the-radargemisanalluringalternative.

InsteadofAmsterdam,DelftandTheHague

In2017Amsterdamwasvisitedby19millionpeople,twomillionmorethanliveintheentirecountry.Thecityhasaparticularproblemwithtouristsonatightbudget—manyarrivingvialow-costairlinesfromBritain,France,Germanyandbeyond,andstayingatAirbnbs,inhostelsorintheircarsand,spendingmuchoftheirtimepartyinginthered-lightdistrict.Therethecrowdsgetsodensethatonweekendsummernightsrescueworkersoftencan’tgettopeoplewhofallsickorfaint.

Anothertwodestinationscanbeeasilycombined:

Delftand,about10milesaway,TheHague,theseatofDutchgovernment.Bothareidealforvisitorslookingforgreatmuseums,canals,wildNorthSeabeaches—andnocrowds.

InsteadofBarcelona,Valencia

ForalessfreneticdoseofcosmopolitanMediterraneancharmhead220milesdownthecoasttoValencia,Spain’sthird-largestcity,with800,000residentsandbarely2millionvisitorsperyear.FoundedasaretirementcommunityforRomansoldiers,ithasmanyofthesameattributesasBarcelona—bothwereancientwalledcities—withasprawling,mazelikecenterfilledwithGothic,Romanesque,RenaissanceandBaroquearchitecture.AllstyleswerecombinedinValencia’sCathedral,builtbetweenthe13thand18thcenturies;architecturalpuristsshouldnotmissthe15th-centurySilkExchange,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandastunningreminderofthecity’smercantileimportance.

1.WhatcanwelearnfromSantorini?

A.Itisstillthepopularplace.

B.Itisanattractivechoice.

C.Itwillwintouristsback.

D.Itsufferedovertourism.

2.InAmsterdam,thecrowdsaresodensethat.

A.thestreetsarebustlingwithnoiseandexcitement.

B.somepeoplecan’tbetreatedintime.

C.morevisitorswillbedisturbed.

D.manypeoplefallsickorfaint.

3.What’stheauthor’spurposetowritethispassage?

A.Recommendsomebetterplacestovisit.

B.Introducesomenewplacestovisit.

C.Criticizesomecrowdedplaces.

D.Blametheimpropertourism.

【答案】1.D2.B3.A

【解析】

本文是一篇应用文，介绍了欧洲旅游的三个好去处。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第一部分中的“Santorinihasbeenstrugglingwithovertourismforyears”可知，多年来，圣托里尼岛一直在与过度旅游作斗争（饱受过度旅游之苦），故D项正确。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第二部分中的“Therethecrowdsgetsodensethatonweekendsummernightsrescueworkersoftencan’tgettopeoplewhofallsickorfaint.”可知，阿姆斯特丹的游客越来越密集，以至于在周末的夏夜，救援人员常常无法找到生病或晕倒的人（一些人不能及时得到治疗），故B项正确。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。

通读全文，特别是结合文章标题“TravelinEurope”和各段小标题可知，本文主要介绍了欧洲旅游的三个好去处，文章的目的就是向人们推荐这三个地方，故A项正确。

B

NASAhasshownadesignfora3D-printedhabitatthatcouldbehomeforthefirsthumansvisitingtheRedPlanet.Ithasadouble-shelldesign,toprotectthehabitablespacesfromthenaturalexpansionandcontradictioncausedbytheextremetemperaturesswingsonMars.Inside,itsfunctionalareasarespreadoverfourlevels,withaspiralstaircaseallowinghumanstomovearoundfreely.

Onthefirstlevelthereisawetlab,andapreparationareaforastronautsenteringandleavingthebuilding.Thesecondlevelhasadrylab,aswellasakitchenarea.Thethirdlevelfunctionsasasleepingarea,aswellasasanitationpodandagardenarea.Thefourthlevelisanexerciseandrecreationarea.

“ArchitectureonEarthplaysadecisiveroleinthewaywelive,”saidAISpaceFactory,theNewYork-basedteambehindthedesign.“OnMars,thisrolereachesahigherlevelofimportancesincearchitectureisthemachinewhichkeepsusalive.”

AISpaceFactoryhasbeenselectedasthewinnerofNASA’s3D-PrintedHabitatChallenge,andawardedthetopprizeof$500,000.Thecompetitionchallengedparticipantstocreatesheltersoutofrecyclablesandmaterialsthatcouldbefoundondeep-spacedestinations,liketheMoonandMars.

AISpaceFactorywaspraisedforthewayitautomatedthebuildingprocess---completingthebuildingwithnearlynohumanassistancein30hours.Itwasalsoapplaudedforitsbiopolymerbasaltcomposite---abiodegradable（可由生物降解的）andrecyclablematerialdevelopedfromnaturalmaterialsfoundonMars.AfterpassingaseriesofNASA’stests,thismaterialwasfoundtobestrongerthanitsconcretecompetitors.

“It’slight,andit’sstrong,likeanairplane,”saidLexAkersfromtheCaterpillarCollegeofEngineeringandTechnologyatBradleyUniversity,whowasoneofthecompetitionjudges.“That’sgoingtobeveryimportantforthesetypesofhabitats.”

4.Whatarethefirstandsecondparagraphstalkingabout?

A.Thefeaturesofthis3D-printedhabitat.

BThestructureofthis3D-printedhabitat.

C.Thefunctionsofthis3D-printedhabitat.

D.Theintroductionofthis3D-printedhabitat.

5.Theunderlinedword“sanitationpod”inthepassageprobablymeans“”.

A.Washroom.B.Livingroom.

C.Diningroom.D.Bedroom.

6.WhyNASAselectedAISpaceFactoryasthewinner?

A.Itusedrecyclables.B.Nohumanassistance.

C.Itsmaterialisproper.D.ItpassedNASA’sarangeoftests.

7.Whatdoyoufindthis3D-printedhabitat?

A.Itcostsalot.B.Itwillcomeintoreality.

C.Itisofsignificance.D.Itarousespeople’sinterest.

【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了3D打印的栖息地。

【4题详解】

段落大意题。

根据第一段中的“a3D-printedhabitatthatcouldbehomeforthefirsthumansvisitingtheRedPlanet.Ithasadouble-shelldesign…Inside,itsfunctionalareasarespreadoverfourlevels”和第二段中的“Onthefirstlevel…Thesecondlevel…Thethirdlevel…Thethirdlevel…”可知，第一、二段主要介绍了这个3D打印的栖息地。

故选D项。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。

根据第二段中的“Onthefirstlevelthereisawetlab,andapreparationareaforastronautsenteringandleavingthebuilding.Thesecondlevelhasadrylab,aswellasakitchenarea.Thethirdlevelfunctionsasasleepingarea,aswellasasanitationpodandagardenarea.Thefourthlevelisanexerciseandrecreationarea.”可知，在第一层有一个潮湿的实验室，和宇航员进出大楼的准备区。

第二层有一个干燥的实验室，还有一个厨房区域。

第三层是一个睡眠区，还有一个卫生舱和一个花园区。

第四层是锻炼和娱乐区。

上文已提到kitchenarea，sleepingarea，所以划线词sanitationpod指洗手间。

故选A项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中的“AfterpassingaseriesofNASA’stests,thismaterialwasfoundtobestrongerthanitsconcretecompetitors.”可知，美国宇航局选择人工智能太空工厂作为赢家，因为它通过了美国宇航局的一系列测试。

故选D项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“It’slight,andit’sstrong,likeanairplane…That’sgoingtobeveryimportantforthesetypesofhabitats.”可知，它很轻，而且很结实，就像一架飞机，这对这些栖息地非常重要。

由此可推知，这个3D打印的栖息地意义重大。

故选C项。

C

Asameansofofferingcomforttokidsfromeverywalkoflife,SesameStreetisintroducinganewcharacterwholivesinafosterhome.

Karlithefosterkidandher“for-now”parents,DaliamandClem,areallbeingshowninarangeofSesameStreetvideos,storybooks,andinteractiveactivitiesasapartofitsnewmovementtooffersupporttochildren,fosterparentsandfostercareproviders.

SesameWorkshop,thenonprofiteducationalorganizationbehindthesnow,sayingthattheyarestartingthemovementaspartoftheirSesameStreetinCommunitiesprogramandcaregiversonarangeoftopicsincludingtoughissueslikefamilyhomelessnessandtraumatic（痛苦的）experiences.

Thefreenewresourceshelpcaregiversandproviderssupportchildrenastheyexploretheworldoffostercare,andtheyprovidesimple,approachabletoolstohelpchildrenfeelsafer.

ThenumberofchildreninfostercareintheUShasgrownforfivecontinuousyears.Over40percentofallchildreninfostercare,SesameWorkshoppartneredwithnationalexpertsonparentsandproviders.Theresourcesincludeprovenstrategiestoimproverelationshipsbetweencaringadultsandchildrenandreducetheeffectsoftraumaticexperiences.“Fosteringachildtakespatience,resilience（适应力）,andsacrifice,andweknowthatcaringadultsholdthepowertoreducetheeffectsoftraumaticexperiencesonyoungchildren,”saysDr.JeanetteBetancourt,SeniorVicePresidentofUSSocialImpactatSesameWorkshop.

“Wewantfosterparentsandproviderstohearthatwhattheydomatters---theyhavethedifficultjobofbuildingandrebuildingfamilystructuresandchildren’ssenseofsafety.Bygivingtheadultsinchildren’slivesthetoolstheyneed---withhelpfromtheSesameStreetcharacters---wecanhelpbothgrownupsandchildrenfeelseenandheardandgivethemasenseofhopeforthefuture.”

8.Karli,DaliaandClemareshowninSesameStreetto______.

A.makethewholesocietyrealizethefostermatters

B.appealpeoplefromallwalksoflife

C.becomepopulararoundthecountry

D.joininsomeinteractiveactivities

9.WhatisthenewmovementaboutSesameStreet?

A.Addnewvideos.B.Supplyfreeresources.

C.Introduceafosterkid.D.StartCommunitiesprogram.

10.SesameWorkshop______.

A.makesattemptstooffersupporttofosterkidsandparents

B.attachesgreatimportancetofosterparentsandcaregivers

C.donateslargeamountofmoneytofosterfamilies

D.producesanewprogrammetocatcheyes

11.Whatdosethetexttellus?

A.Itisnoteasytofosterachildformostpeople.

B.Fosterparentsandprovidersshouldknowkidsbetter.

C.Ourwholesocietyoughttopayattentiontofostering.

D.Wedoreallyhopeeverychildwillhaveabetterfuture.

【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.C

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。

文章通过讲述非盈利教育组织SesameWorkshop针对寄养问题所推出的一种新的改善问题的方法，给寄养儿童和父母提供帮助，希望引起