上海高中语法第18讲 强调句型.docx
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上海高中语法第18讲强调句型
强调句型
重点：
It句型强调结构中连接词的选择
It句型强调结构中强调主语的时候要注意主谓一致
It型强调结构中be动词的表现形式
It句型强调结构强调的是时间/方式/地点状语时，与关系副词引导的定语从句的区别及与主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句的混淆。
一．对于谓语动词的强调
Does/do/did放在动词前面表示强调。
Eg:
Ididseeyouyesterday.
昨天晚上我的的确确看到了你。
Idolikeswimming.
我的的确确喜欢游泳。
Hedoesdohouseworkeveryday.
我的的确确每天都做家务
二．特定的强调句型结构：
英语中“Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+其它”是强调句型的基本构成。
这种结构在中学英语课本中频频出现，引起高考命题者的格外关注。
下面让我们来看与强调句型有关的高考试题：
1．Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright___isofimportance.
A.whichB.itC.thatD.this
解析：
选C。
考查强调句型，that是强调句型的结构词，句意是“重要的不是谁正确，而是什么是正确的。
”
2．It__wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks___Ifoundwehadalotincommon.
A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that
解析：
选D本题考查not…until结构的强调句式。
在not…until结构中，如果对until及其后面的部分进行强调，要将not一词提前，形成“Itis/wasnotuntil…that…”的结构注意尽管强调的是时间，但不可以用when。
为了帮同学们更好地掌握强调句型的用法，笔者依托高考经典试题，对这一句型进行分析和归纳，供同学们参考。
强调句的基本句型是：
“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who从句。
”被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等，使用时应注意以下几点：
⑴不论强调的是哪一部分，后面都用that，指人时可用who.
ItisIthat/whoamgoingtotheparkthisSunday.
说明：
当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。
如：
ItwasIthatputforwardthequestion.
⑵当被强调部分是主语的时候要注意主谓一致：
ItisIwhoamdoingmyhomeworkathomewhenitrainedhavily.
ItisLucyandLilythataretwins.
Itisyouthatarehavingclasses.
ItisnotIbutMr.Greenwhoisinchargeofthisissue.
〔3〕被强调的是时间、地点、原因或方式等状语或状语从句时，不能用when,where,how，用that.
ItwasintheparkthatImetheryesterday.
ItwasyesterdaythatImetherinthepark.
例：
（1）.Itwasthere,thepolicebelieve,___shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.
A.untilB.whichC.thatD.when
解析：
选C被强调部分为地点状语there，thepolicebelieve为插入语
（2）Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired___herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.
A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as
解析：
选A被强调的是时间状语afterhegotwhathehaddesired
〔4〕原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态用Itis…that/who…，如果原句的谓语动词是过去时态，则用Itwas…that/who….。
Itishethatreadsthebook.
Itwashethatreadthebook.
〔5〕强调句型中be动词的形式：
Itmaybemybookthatheisreading.
ItmighthavebeenthehomeworkthatIwasdoingathomewhenitrainedheavily.
Be动词的四种形式：
Itis现在/将来时态
was过去时态
表示推测的情态动词+be现在/将来时态
表示推测的情态动词+havebeen过去时态
〔6〕对not…until时间状语从句进行强调时，用Itis/wasnotuntil…that从句，也就是说not和until在强调句中不可分离。
ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIwenttobed.
例:
（1）Itwasnotuntilshegothome___Jenniferrealisedshehadlostherkeys.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before、
解析：
选B考查强调句中对notuntil的强调，是否能辨析出引导词that.
（2）.___thecatastrophehappenedthatthelocalgovernmentrealizedtheimportanceofsubstantialdevelopment.
A.ItwasuntilB.NotuntilC.UntilD.Itwasnotuntil
解析：
选D考查强调句中notuntil的用法.考查了Itwasnotuntilthecatastrophehappenedthat.
〔7〕强调句的疑问形式：
WasitinthestreetthatImethimyesterday?
WhenwasitthathemadeuphismindtostudyEnglish?
例：
（1）Wasitformthelake___heoftenwentfishing___hesavedthedrowninggirl?
A.that;thatB.where;whereC.where;thatD.that;where
解析：
选C解答此题关键是能够对句型进行正确的分析和判断。
本题题干为一个强调句式，itwas+被强调部分+that/who，lake后面是个定语从句，由关系副词where引导，第二空才是强调句中的that。
（2）Ireallydon’tknow___Ihadmymoneystolen.
A.whenwasitthatB.thatitwaswhenC.whereitwasthatD.itwaswherethat
解析：
选C强调句作know的宾语，语序应为陈述句语序，被强调部分为where，但是强调句为宾语从句时，这类wh-连接代词或副词常置于it之前，作宾语从句的连接词。
强调句型与定语从句及其他句式的区别。
即去掉强调句式结构或经过语序相应调态后，原句仍成立。
Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgotoschool.
=Hedidn’tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.
ItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.
ItwasmidnightwhenIgothereyesterday.
ItwastwoyearsagothatIjoinedthearmy.
ItistwoyearssinceIjoinedthearmy.
〔8〕强调部分是状语的时候，与关系副词引导的定语从句的区别：
①ItisinBeijingthatthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.强调句
②ItisBeijingwherethethe29thOlympicGameswasheld.定语从句
区分的关键要点：
1强调地点状语inBeijing，that不做任何成分。
去掉itbe...that之后句子结构稍微调整，可还原成一个完整的句子，不改变意思。
定语从句中有一种结构为：
Itbe+先行词+关联词+定语从句
关联词的选取要根据先行词表示的含义，定语从句的关联词很多，如that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why和介词+which。
其中关联词在句中充当成分，指代先行词。
举例子加以说明：
（1）Itwasin1986thattheygotmarried.
（2）Itwas1986whentheygotmarried.
2定语从句：
先行词，名词，Beijing，where在后面的从句中做地点状语，等于inwhich。
〔9〕除了定语从句外，可能混淆的复合句还有主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
强调句中若省去Itbe和that/who/whom时，所剩下的句子成分没有缺失；
主语从句（主要指it做形式主语的从句），表语从句，同位语从句和上面提到的定语从句中若省去了Itbe和关联词时，所剩下的句子不完整，有某些成分的缺失。
练习:
A:
1.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar_____hedied?
A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then
2.Itwasabout600yearsago_____thefirstclockwitha
faceandanhourhandwasmade.
A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when
3.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently____Ibegan
toappreciatetheirbeauty.
A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so
4.Itistheabilitytodothejob_____mattersnotwhereyou
comefromorwhatyouare.
A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it
5.Itisthesepoisonousproducts_____cancausethesymptoms.
oftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.
A.whoB.thatC.howD.what
6.Itwasbecauseofbadweather_____thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.
A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that
7.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_____forthespoiledchild.
A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblame
C.istobeblamedD.shouldblame
8.Itwasforthisreason______herunclemovedoutofNew
Yorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.
A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how
9．Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguages________attractedtheaudience'sinterest.
A.sothatB.thatC.whatD.inwhich
10.Itwasonlywiththehelpofthelocalguide________.
A.wasthemountainclimberrescued
B.thatthemountainclimberwasrescued
C.whenthemountainclimberwasrescued
D.thenthemountainclimberwasrescued
11.—_______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?
—Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.
A.WherewasisB.Whatwasit
C.HowwasitD.Whywasit
12.Ijustwonder________thatmakeshimsoexcited.
A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis
13.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforwardanditdoesn’tmatter_______I’mtalkingto.
A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom
14.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay________matters.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this
15.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired________herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.
A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as
B:
1.ItwasinIndonesia,theUNofficialsbelieve,___thetornadocausedthegreatestdamage.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
2.Itwasinthefactory__producedTVsets__ourfriendwasmurdered.
A.which,whichB.that,whichC.that,thatD.where,that
3.Itwaslastyear__youtaughtmehowtodrive.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which
4.Itwasforthisreason__herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.
A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how
5.Ican’tquiteremember__hebeganteachinginourschool.
A.that,itwaswhenB.whenitwasthat
C.whenwasitthatD.thatwasitwhen
6.Itis__who__wrong.
A.we,amB.me,isC.I,amD.I,is
7.Itis__heoftenfailsinexams__makeshisparentsworriedabouthim.
A.that,whatB.what,thatC.what,whatD.that,that
8.Itwassometimelater__werealizedthetrack.
A.untilB.beforeC.thatD.since
9．Itisyou,ratherthanhe,that___fortheaccident.
A.istoblameB.aretoblameC.isblameD.areblame
10WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar________hedied?
A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then
11.________wasin1979________Igraduatedfromtheuniversity.
A.That;thatB.It;thatC.That;whenD.It;when
12.Wasitinthispalace________thelastemperordied?
A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which
13.Wasitin1969________theAmericanastronautsucceeded________landingonthemoon?
A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in
14.Itwasinthebookstore________Imetyourbrothertheotherday.
A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.inthat
15.Itwasnotuntil________that________topreparehislessons.
A.didhisfathercomein;theboybegan
B.hisfathercamein;theboybegan
C.didhisfathercomein;didtheboybegin
D.hisfathercamein;didtheboybegin
16.Itwas__ImetMr.SmithinLondon.
A.manyyearsthat B.formanyyearssince
C.sincemanyyearsagowhen D.manyyearsagothat
17.Was__Bill，__playedbasketballverywell，__helpedtheblindmanacrossthestreet.
A.that；that；who B.it；that；that
C.it；who；that D.this；who；who
18.Wasitin1969__theAmericanastronautsucceeded__landingonthemoon.
A.when；on B.that；on C.when；in D.that；in
19.Wasitinthispalace__thelastemperordied？
A.that B.inwhich C.what D.he
20.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar__hedied？
A.that B.while C.inwhich D.then
C:
1.WasitthroughTom,______wasworkingataTVcompany,______yougottoknowthefamousmoviestar?
A.who;whoB.that;that
Cwho;thatD.that;where
2.Itwas______theambulancecame______todothehospital.
A.until,thathegotsent
B.until,didhegetsent
C.notuntil,thattheboywassent
D.notuntil,didhegotsent
3.ItisduringhisstayintheSovietUnion______hebegantolearnRussian.
A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what
4.Itwastothesaving–boat______heowedhislife.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.why
5.Itwas_______theelementradiumwasdiscovered.
A.about100yearssince
B.nearly100yearsbeforesince
C.about100yearsbeforethat
D.nearly100yearsagothat
6．---Dideveryonepasstheexamination?
---No,_______onlythreeofthemwhopassedit.
A.therewasB.itwasC.therewereD.itwere
7．Ireallydon’tknow______sheistoarriveinNewYork.
A.itiswhenthatBwhenitisthat
C.thatwhenitisD.whenisitthat
8．Readingfillsthemi
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