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3.补火助阳:
supplementingfiretosupportYang
4.温阳利水:
warmingYangtoinduce(引导)diuresis(多尿)
5.回阳救逆:
recuperating(恢复)depleted(空虚)Yangtorescue(救)patientsfromcollapse(崩溃)
Coldandcooldrugs:
寒凉药一般功效
1.清热泻火:
clearingheattopurgefire
2.凉血解毒:
removingheatfrombloodtoeliminatetoxicity
3.清热润肠:
purgingheattorelaxthebowels
4.利水通痢:
inducingdiuresistotreatstranguria
5.去心肝火:
removingheatfromtheheartandliver
用药原则:
totreatcoldsyndromewithhotandtotreatheatsyndromewithcolddrugs
相须synergism相使assisting相畏相杀restraint相恶antagonism相反increasingtoxicity
禁忌症contraindications适用症indications
药性不同煎药方法各异:
1.先煎tobedecoctedahead(mineralsandshell矿物贝类)
2.后下tobedecoctedlater(peppermint薄荷)
3.包煎tobewrappedfordecoction(talc云母plantainseed车前草inulaflower菊花)
4.另煎tobedecoctedalone(ginseng人参americanginseng西洋参rhinoceroshorn犀牛角)
5.开水送服tobetakenfollowinginfusionwithwarmboiled-water(cinnaar朱砂)
6.烊化tobemelted(donkey-hidegelation驴皮胶)
服用方法:
methodsoftaking
Fordecoction,generallyonedoseisdecoctedandtaketowtimeseachday每日一剂一剂两次
药水liquidmedicine贴剂patch药膏ointment膏药plaster止痛药pain-killer滴剂drop
[自汗:
spontaneousperspiration盗汗:
nightsweating]
第一章解表药:
Drugsforrelievingexteriorsyndromes
此类药多味辛(pungentinflavour)质轻(lightinquality)入肺经和体表(actingonlungchannelsandthesuperficiesofthebody)味辛能够驱散(dispersion)质轻能够生发(liftingandfloating)
Thistypeofdrugscanexpel(驱走)pathogenicfactorsfromthesuperficiesorrelieve(消除)exteriorsyndromesbydiaphoresis(发汗)
第一节辛温解表药:
Drugspungentinflavourandwarminnatureforrelievingexteriorsyndromes
主要功效(maineffects):
Dispersingpathogenicwind-cold(发散风热)
主要症状(symptoms):
aversiontocold(恶寒)anhidrosis(无汗)fever,headache,tastelesstonguewithwhitefur(苔白无味觉)
第一味麻黄
药性(Properties):
pungentandslightlybitterinflavour(味辛微苦)warminnature(性温)actingonthelungandurinarybladderchannels(入肺、膀胱经)
功效(Effects):
inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)facilitatingthecirculationoflung-Qitorelieveasthma(宣肺平喘)inducingdiuresistoremoveedema(利水消肿)
第二味桂枝
功效:
inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)warmingthechannelstoclearobstruction(温经通脉)reinforcingYangtopromoteQiflow(助阳化气)
第三味白芷:
(治头痛之要药)
expellingwindanddispelexopathogens(祛风解表)clearingpassage(通鼻窍)relievingpain(止痛)removingdampnessandarrestingleukorrhea(燥湿止带)eliminatingswellinganddrainingpus(消肿排脓)
第四味生姜:
inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)warmingthemiddleJiaotoarrestvomiting(温中止呕)warmingthelungtorelievecough(温肺止咳)
荆芥:
inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)dispersingpathogenicwindandarrestingbleeding(祛风止血)
防风:
dispersingpathogenicwindanddispelexopathogens(祛风解表)relievingpainandspasm(止痛止痉)
第二节辛凉解表药:
Drugspungentinflavourandcoolinnatureforrelievingexteriorsyndromes
多用于治疗wind-heattypeofexteriorsyndromes(风热表证)
[麻疹(germenmeasles)风疹(measles)]
第一味薄荷:
药性:
pungentinflavour(味辛)coolinnature(性凉)actsonthelungandliverchannels(入肺肝经)
dispersingwind-heat(疏散风热)easingsorethroatandpromotingeruption(利咽透疹)
Soothingtheliverandalleviatingmentaldepression(疏肝解郁)
第二味柴胡:
(治寒热往来之要药)
dispelexopathogenstoclearheat(解表退热)Soothingtheliverandalleviatingmentaldepression(疏肝解郁)elevatingYangandQi(开举阳气)
第三味菊花:
dispersingwind-heat(疏散风热)purgingheatfromtheliverandimprvingeyesight(清肝明目)clearingheatandremovingtoxins(清热解毒)
第二章清热药:
Heat-ClearingDrugs
主要功效:
Themaiorfunctionsofthesedrugsincludeclearingheatandpurgingfire(intenseheat).(清热去火)tocoolthebloodDetoxicating..(凉血解读)Resolvingswellingandheatsyndromes(消肿去热)duetodeficiency(虚).
主治内热(interiorheat-syndromes):
excessiveheatintheQiandtheblood,interiorheatofZangandFu,feverduetoYindeficiency,dysentery(痢疾)andcarbuncle(疮痈).
第一节清热泻火药Heat-ClearingandFire-purgingDrugs
clearawaytheexcessive(过度的)heatintheQiandpurgethelung-andstomach-fire
第一味石膏(性寒质重非实热者不宜)
pungentandsweetinflavour,coldinnature,actsonthelungandstomachchannels
ItisoneoftheimportantdrugsfortreatingthesyndromesofexcessiveheatintheQisysstem,coghandasthma(喘)causedbyintenseheatandexcessofstomachfire.
Clearingawayheatandfire(清热解火)relievingrestlessnessandthirst(除烦止渴)promotingtheregenerationofthetissueandwoundhealing(促进组织再生伤口愈合)
第二味知母
Clearingawayheatandfire,nourishingtheYinandmoisturizing(湿润)dryness(滋阴润燥)
第三味芦根
cleearingheat,promotingtheproductionofbodyfluid(清热生津)relievingrestlessnessandarrestingvomiting(除烦止呕)
第四味天花粉
clearingheat,promotingtheproductionofbodyfluid(清热生津)subduingswellingsanddrainingpus(消肿排脓)
第五味栀子
purgingfireandrelievingdysphoria(泻火除烦)coolingbloodanddetoxication(凉血解毒)clearingheatandpromotingdiuresis(清热利湿)
第六味夏枯草
clearingupliver-heatandpurgingfire(清肝泻火)subduingswellingandresolvinghardlumps(消肿散结)
第七味决明子
功效:
removingintensiveheatfromtheliverandimprovingvision(清肝明目)moisturizingintestineandeazingthebowels(润肠通便)
第二节清热燥湿药Heat-ClearingandDampness-DryingDrugs
toclearheatandremovedampnessandmostofthemactasfire-purginganddetoxicatingdrugs.(清热解毒药)
第一味黄芩(安胎圣药)
clearingheatandfire(清热去火)eliminatingdampnessanddetoxicating(燥湿解毒)stoppingbleedingandpreventingmiscarriage(流产)(止血安胎)
第二味黄连
Clearingawayheat,dampnessandfireanddetoxicatingtoxins(清热燥湿去火解毒)
第三味黄柏(同黄连)
第四味龙胆草
clearingheatanddampness(清热燥湿)purgingfireintheliverandgallbladder(泻肝胆火)
第五味苦参
clearingheatanddampness(清热燥湿)destroyingintestinalparasites(寄生虫)andrelievingitching(杀虫止痒)inducingdiuresis(利尿)
第三节清热凉血药Heat-ClearingandBlood-CoolingDrugs
coldinpropertyandactsonthebloodsystems
主治:
highfever,restlessness(烦躁不安)dryanddeepredtongue,floodingofbloodheatandwindsyndromecausebyextremeheat
第一味犀牛角
clearingheatandcooltheblood(清热凉血)detoxicatingandarrestingconvulsion(解毒镇惊)
第二味水牛角(犀牛角替代品功效逊于犀牛角)
第三味生地黄
clearingawayheatandcoolingtheblood(清热凉血)nourishingYinandpromotingproductionofbodyfluid.(养阴生津)
第四味玄参
clearingawayheatandcoolingtheblood(清热凉血)detoxicatinganddissolvinglumps(解毒散结)nourishingYinandpurgingthefire(滋阴去火)
第五味牡丹皮(痛经闭经)
特点:
Coolingbloodandstopbleedingwithoutstasis(止血不留瘀)
coolingtheblood(凉血)promotingbloodcirculationandrelievingbloodstasis(活血化瘀)
第四节清热解毒药Heat-ClearingandDetoxicatingDrugs
药效:
clearingawayheat,detoxicating,subduingswellingsanddissolvinglumps(清热解毒消肿散结)
第一味金银花(表里双解外感风寒温病初期)
clearingawayheat,detoxicating,expellingwind-heat(除风热)
[银翘散(金银花连翘薄荷)]
第二味连翘(与金银花相须为用创家圣药theholymedicinefordoctorstocuresores)
clearingawayheat,detoxicating,subduingswellingsanddissolvinglumps(清热解毒消肿散结)dispellingwin-heat
第三味蒲公英
clearingawayheat,detoxicating(清热解毒)subduingswellings(散结)removingdampnessbydiuresisfortreatingstranguria(尿淋沥)(祛湿利水)
第四味紫花地丁(叮毒furunculosis毒蛇咬伤snake-bite)
clearingawayheat,detoxicating,(清热解毒)treatingboils(烫伤)anddissolvinglumps(散结)
第五味大青叶
clearingawayheat,detoxicating(清热解毒)removingbloodheatandecchymoses(凉血祛斑)
第六味鱼腥草(治肺痛之要药)
Animportantmedicinefortreatingpulmonary(肺部的)abscess(脓肿)
第七味败酱草(肠痈要药)
Itisgoodattreatingtheaccumulation(积累)ofnoxiousheat(毒热)inthelargeintestine
第八味马齿苋(清肠止痢curingdysentery)
第四节清虚热药DrugsforClearingHeatofDeficiencyType
第一味青蒿
clearingawayheatofdeficiencytype(清虚热)relievingsummerheatandpreventingattackofmalaria(祛暑防疟)
第二味地骨皮(枸杞根皮)
bringingdownheatofYin-deficiency(降阴虚热)removinglung-fire(去肝火)
第三章泻下药PurgativeDrugs(入大肠经)
looseningthebowelsandeliminatingstagnation(润肠排积),clearingheatandpurgingfire,dispellingfluidretentionandreducingedema.(利水消肿)
第一节攻下药Purgtives
第一味大黄
bitterinflavour,coldinnature,actsonthespleen,stomach,largeintestine,heartandliverchannels.药效:
Itisanimportantherbforconstipation(便秘)duetoaccumulation(积累)ofheatofexcesstype,andgastro-intestinalfecalimpaction(胃肠食积)duetoheat.
purgingheatandlooseingtheboeels(泻热通便)removingheatfromthebloodandclearingtoxins(凉血解毒)promotingbloodcirculationtorelievebloodstasis(破血逐瘀)
第二节润下药Laxatives
第一味麻子仁(moisteningthebowelstorelieveconstipation润肠通便)
第三节峻下逐水药DrasticHydrogagues
第一味甘遂(有毒不溶于水)
removingwaterretention(写下逐水)subduingswellingandmasses(消肿散结)
第二味牵牛子
removingwaterretention(写下逐水)subduingswellingandmasses(消肿散结)andbeingparasiticidal(杀虫)
第四章温里药DrugsforWarmingtheInteior
mainlypungentinflavour,andwarmandhotinnature.
warmviscera(温脏腑)dispersecoldandalleviatepain(散寒止痛)SomeofthesedrugscanrecuperatedepletedYangtorescuepatientsfromcollapse.(回阳救逆)
第一味附子(阳痿Impoten遗精Spermatorrhea大出血hemora)
supplementingfireandYang(补火助阳)dispersecoldandalleviatepain(散寒止痛)recuperatedepletedYangtorescuepatientsfromcollapse.(回阳救逆)
第二味肉桂
supplementingfireandYang(补火助阳)dispersecoldandalleviatepain(散寒止痛)
Conductingthefirebacktoitsorigin(引火归原)
第三味干姜
warmingthemiddle-jiaoanddispersecold(温中散寒)recuperatedepletedYangtorescuepatientsfromcollapse.(回阳救逆)warmingthelungandremovingfluidretention(