脚手架操作规程.docx
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脚手架操作规程
脚手架操作规程
ScaffoldOperationProcedure
上海石化金艺工业建设有限公司
二OO六年二月二十八日
ShanghaiPetrochemicalJinyiIndustryConstructionCo.,Ltd.
2006-3-8
一、脚手架搭设一般规定generalruleforscaffolderection
1.所有脚手架临边都必须带扶手,扶手应高于平台1.2m,扶手两道,第一道0.6M,防止操作人员蹲下作业时从扶手空隙中坠落。
Allscaffold’sedgesshallbeattachedwithguardrails,andguardrailsshallbe1.2mhigherthanplatformdeck.Tworowsofguardrailshallbeinstalled,forthelowerrowguardrail,itshallbeinstalled0.6matheightaboveplatformdecksoastopreventoperatorstofallfromheightthroughguardrailgap.
2.脚手架铺板必须稳,板端至少伸出执掌15公分,但不得超出30公分;脚手板伸出15~30公分能够保证脚手板有足够锚固长度,又防止脚手板探头过多而翘头坠落。
Thescaffoldboardshallbesecuredwellwithitsendsextending15cmoutofbracing,butnomorethan30cm.scaffoldboardsshallbeleft15-30cmoutforbothendswithaviewtonotonlybeinganchoredandalsobeingpreventedascaffoldboardfromlosingitsweightbalancetobringaboutafalling.
3.所有脚手架用作安装和拆除施工时,平台应满铺板。
Forallscaffolds,wheneverusedforinstallationordemolishingjobpurpose,theworkplatformshallbelaidwithscaffoldboardsinfull.
4.所有脚手架应配置一个爬梯,脚手架爬梯大于6米时要设置休息平台,爬梯步距不大于400mm,爬梯步距过大容易导致人员上下时膝盖碰档。
Allscaffoldsshallbeattachedwithanaccessladder,andifthelengthofaccessladderisinexcessiveof6meters,atransitionalplatformshallbeprovided,andmakesurethestepspacingofaccessladdershallnomorethan400mm.Anexcessivespacingofaccessladdershallmakepersonnel’skneebumpingintoledgersonladder.
5.脚手架与建筑或构筑物之间应设横向竖向不超过4米绑扎固定点,无法固定的应设置抛撑;防止脚手架水平倾斜。
Tyingjointsshallbeappliedbetweenscaffoldandbuildingorstructureandarrangedwithin4metersbothinhorizontalandtransversaldirections.Forthecasenotyingjointscanbeapplied,projectilesupportsshallbemadetopreventscaffoldfromlean.
6.所有脚手架在操作层,应设置踢脚板,踢脚板高度不小于20厘米,应绑扎在立杆上,以备操作层并防止使用工具坠落。
Forscaffolderection,toeboardshallbeappliedtooperationdeck,andthetoeboardshallnotlessthan20cminheightandshallbetiedtouprightpolesforoperationpurposeandtopreventtoolsfromfalling.
7.脚手架铺板必须采用5厘米厚20-40厘米宽的木板,宜采用30cm;脚手板不得用损坏、开裂,保证脚手板有足够的强度,防止脚手板在活动荷栽作用下断裂破坏。
Scaffoldplanksshallbewoodenboard5cminthicknessand20-40cminwidth(30cminthicknessissuitable).Allplanksshallnotbedamagedorcrackedtoassuresufficientstrengthtoavoidtheplanksfrombeingbrokenupbyliveload.
8.脚手架基础设置在砼面、沥青路面上;脚手架要求配置15×15厘米钢基础板或用宽大于25厘米厚5厘米长大于二根立杆距离的木板,防止基础变形。
Thescaffoldfoundationshallbemadeonconcreteorbitumenroadsurface.Thescaffoldshalluse15×15steelplatesorwoodenplanksthatitsdimensionshall25plusand5cminthicknesslengthlongerthanthedistancebetweentwoadjacentuprightpolessoastopreventfoundationfromdeformation.
9.所有在钢平台上脚手架都要有垫板,加大立杆对钢平台接触面,减少对平台的压强。
Allscaffolderectedonsteelplatformshallbeengagewithfoundationpadtoincreasethecontactareaforuprightpolesagainststeelplatformsurfaceandtoeasethepointpressureuponplatform.
10.所有脚手架上不得堆放任何杂物,减轻脚手架的荷载,并防止杂物、材料坠落。
Nosundriesshallbestackedonscaffoldwithaviewtoreleasingloadsagainstscaffoldandalsotopreventsundriesandmaterialsfromfalling.
11.搭拆脚手架所有材料不得抛物,防止抛物伤人、机械设备,并使原材料损坏。
Allpartsormaterialsforscaffolderectionshallneverbeallowedtotossorthrowsoastopreventindividualsorequipmentfrombeinginjuredordamaged,andalsotopreventrawmaterialsfrombeingdamaged.
12.高度大于30米脚手架,除去上部30米的部分,对以下至地面部分立杆要加通长邦杆,邦杆要紧靠立杆并用每米不少于一只回转扣件连接,加强脚手架的强度。
Ifthescaffoldishigherthan30meters,besidesthesectionabove30m,alluprightpolesofthebelowsectionbelow30mshallbesecuredwithtiepole,thetiepoleshallbeclungtouprightpoles,andonerotarycoupleratleastshallbeusedwithineverymetersoastostrengthenthescaffold.
13.小横杆伸出外立杆连接扣件大于10厘米,满足小横杆和扣件有足够的锚固长度,防止小横杆滑落。
Thetransompoleshallbeextendedatleast10cmoutofexterioruprightpole,whichcanmeettherequirementforanchoringandpreventtransomfromslidingdownward.
14.脚手架要在两端、转角处、中间每隔12~15M设置剪刀撑,剪刀撑应连接3根立杆以上并和地面成45°—60°;所有剪刀撑要沿高连续设置,沿竖向每隔10—15M高加设一道长剪刀撑将各个剪刀撑连成整体。
Bridgingshallbeinstalledatevery12-15cmattwosideendsandturningjointsandmiddlepartofascaffold.Allbridgingshallbeconnectedto3uprightpolesandkepta45°—60°angleagainstground.Allbridgingshallbesetuponacontinualway,alongerbridgingshallbeattachedtointegrateallbridgingtogetheratevery10-15M.
15.所有悬挑脚手架和平台应配置独立竖向安全锚杆;所有作业人员安全带应于该锚杆固定;这样是在平台上作业人员有双保险。
Allsuspendedscaffoldanditsdeckshallbeattachedwithindependentverticalsafetyanchoragepole.Alloperatorsshallhooktheirsafetyharnessonthisanchoragepoleduringworkingondecksoastobringadualsecuringmeasuresforoperatorsworkingondeck.
16.脚手架立杆距离不大于2米,承重脚手架立杆距根据要求另计算;水平杆步距1.8m,小横杆固定在立杆上,这样使重力直接通过立杆传递给基础。
Thespacingbetweeneverytwoadjacentuprightpolesshallbenomorethan2m,forload-dutyscaffold,thespacingofitsuprightpolesshallbecalculatedbeforeerection,i.e.thehorizontalpolesshallbeat1.8m,ribpoleshallbesecuredonuprightpolessoastopasstheloadweighttofoundationthroughuprightpoles.
17.20米以上的大型脚手架,在易燃易爆精密装置工作环境搭设时需专人监护。
Largescaffoldabove20metersshallbeerectedunderthededicatedsupervisionpersonnelwithininflammableandexplosion-proneplantarea.
二、脚手架材料要求requirementforparts&materialsscaffold
1.脚手架所有材料必须符合国家建筑材料相关规定,并符合赛科规定;钢管外径ф48壁厚3.25~3.5焊管;脚手板采用厚50mm宽250mm硬质松木。
AllmaterialsrelatedtoscaffoldshouldbeinconformitywithstateregulationuponbuildingmaterialsandSECCO’srequirement.TheSteeltubesshallbeofexternaldiameterф48,wellthickness3.25~3.5,weldedsteeltube.Thescaffoldplankshallbe50mminthicknessand250mminwidthharddeal.
2.材料一定要有质保书、合格证。
Scaffoldmaterialsshallbeprovidedwithqualityassurancecertificateandcertificateofconformance.
3.安全网用小眼密封网。
Smallmeshednetshallbeusedassafetynet.
三:
脚手架的搭拆流程erectionandremovalprocedureforscaffolding
1.根据施工要求不同处理脚手架的基础treatmentofscaffoldfoundationaccordingtodifferentconstructionrequirement
1.1在一般的绿化土、松散石子场地上,首先要对基础夯实平整并做好排水沟,垫上木板,使基础有足够承载力,防止脚手架在使用过程中承载变形倾斜。
Inthelocalityofordinarysoilgroundorrubbleground,acompactandlevelingshallbemadetotampthefoundation,anddrainageditchshallbemade.Andthentolaywoodenplankstoprovidesufficientweight-bearingcapabilitysoastoavoidfromleaningordeformationofscaffoldduringitsapplication.
1.2在水泥、沥青路面上脚手架基础用木垫板。
Ifonconcreteorbitumenroadsurface,thescaffoldfoundationshallbemadewithwoodenplanks.
1.3在钢平台垫200*200木垫板。
Ifonsteelplatform,200*200woodenplanksshallbeusedaspadboard.
2:
独立脚手架(排架)independentscaffold(inrow)
2.1独立脚手架7M以内如无固定连接点,可以用抛撑固定;高于7米必须设置固定连接点,保证脚手架在水平力作用下稳定。
Forindependentscaffoldwithin7metersinheight,ifnosecurejointsarearranged,projectilesupportsshallbeengagedtosecurethescaffold.Fortheheightofscaffoldishigherthan7meters,securejointsshallbesetuptoassurethestabilityofscaffoldtosustainthesideforce.
2.2如无固定连接点超过7M不可以用独立脚手架,可用塔式架。
Ifnosecurejointsisavailableforheightinexcessof7metersindependentscaffoldshallnotbeengaged.Towerscaffoldshallbeused.
踢脚板高180MM刷黄黑相间油漆
剪刀撑scissorsbracing
垫板padboard
2.3搭设过程:
在平整好的基础上固定扫地杆,再固定扫地杆上起立杆,架子工在地面上固定好第一步水平杆,铺二块脚手板,在脚手板上高处先固定好一根小横杆系安全带;依次向上;未和固定点连接时在6M以内先用抛撑固定以防水平倾斜;在超作面上铺不少于3块脚手板;两端用镀锌铁丝扎紧。
Erectioncourse:
baseliftshallbeinstalledonleveledfoundation,andthensetupuprightpolesonbaselift.Scaffoldersshallfastenthefirstlevelhorizontalpole,andthenlaytooplankson,andtheninstallatransompoleforsafetyharnesshookingpurpose,andrepeattheaforesaidprocedure.Ifnosecuringjointisconnectedwithin6m,acrossbracingshallbeengagedtopreventahorizontalleaningofscaffold.Everyoperationdeckshallbelaidwithnolessthan3scaffoldplanks.Bothendofplanksshallbetiedtightlybygalvanizedsteelwire
2.4搭设工艺:
(1)首先掌握工程构造特点,按脚手架高度决定平面的布置和设计脚手架与建筑物的距离,一般距工作面200MM。
(2)根据设计位置竖立立杆,立杆必须里、外交错,纵向交错。
(3)竖杆必须集体配合,按里立杆—外立杆—小横杆—大横杆的搭设顺序,依次进行。
(4)大横杆必须留有转角立面长度。
(5)当四根立杆竖立后,并进行了纵、横水平杆的连接,即形成了脚手架的第一单元架体,由此不断延伸,在延伸中为了防止晃动、倒塌必须采取临时支撑,以及每延伸2~3跨都应设置临时的稳固措施。
(6)立杆必须垂直,在搭设过程中可以以目测的手段对附近的柱、或采用线锤校正。
(7)水平杆和垂直杆必须用直角扣件固定。
(8)大横杆的布置要用不同长度的杆件作大横杆做到上下交错;(9)小横杆和立杆同样采用直角扣件连接。
(10)及时做好固定连接点,拆除临时固定。
Erectionprocess:
(1)Firstly,themajorfeatureshallbemastered.Theoperationdeckandthedistancebetweenscaffoldandbuildingshallbedecidedbytheheightofscaffold,normallyitshallbekeptatadistanceof200mmawayfromoperationdeck.
(2)uprightpolesshallbeerectedinanoverallway,i.e.aninsideuprightpole-anoutsideuprightpole-smalltransom-bigtransom.(4)Bigtransomshallbeleftwithalengthsufficientforthejointingrow.(5)When4uprightpolesareasettledandhorizontalandtransversalpolesareconnected,itrepresentsabasicunitofscaffoldisdone,andtorepeatthesameproceduretostretchoutthescaffold,andmakesurethattemporarysecuringmeasuresshallbeengagedatevery2or3spans.(6)theuprightpoleshallbevertical.Visualmeasuringorplummetcanbeusedtoverifytheadjacentpoles.(7)horizontalpolesandverticalpoleshallbesecuredwithrightcouplers.(8)largetransversalpoleshallbearrangedinstaggeringpatternwithdifferentlengthpoleparts.(9)smalltransversalpoleanduprightpolesshallbeconnectedwithrightcoupler.(10)jointsshallbesecuredintime,andthentemporaryjointsshallberemoved.
2.5拆除工艺:
脚手架拆除时要由上向下,所有材料要用绳吊下,不能把拆下的材料放置在脚手架上Processforremoval:
Theremovalsequenceshallbemadefromuppertolower,alldismantledpartsormaterialsshallbehoistedtogroundbyrope,anditisprohibitedtostackthedismantledtubesormaterialsonscaffolddeck.
2.6搭设的安全措施:
Safetymeasuresforerection
2.6.1了解施工环境,