On the Risks of the SMEs in the Process of Globalization.docx

On the Risks of the SMEs in the Process of Globalization.docx

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OntheRisksoftheSMEsintheProcessofGlobalization

课程名称：

现代企业理论

题目：

OntheRisksoftheSMEsintheProcess

ofGlobalization

专业：

企业管理

方向：

人力资源开发与管理

年级：

2010级硕士研究生

姓名：

唐红杰

学号：

112010303000332

2011年3月27日

OntheRisksoftheSMEsintheProcessofGlobalization

TangHong-jie

CollegeofEconomicsandManagement,SouthwestUniversity,Chongqing400715,China

Abstract:

GlobalbusinessisthestrategicchoiceformanySmallandmediumenterprises,butSmallandmediumenterprisesfaceanumberofrisksintheprocessofglobalizationthataredifferentfromtherisksofthedomesticfirms.SoweshouldforecastandclassifytherisksthattheSmallandmediumenterprisesfaceintheprocessofglobalization.Inthisarticle,Iwillclassifytherisksforinternalrisksandexternalrisks,IwillanalyzeCharacteristicsandcausesofrisks,Iwillproposesomepreventivemeasuresabouttherisks.

Keywords：

SmallandMediumEnterprises;theProcessofGlobalization;Risk;PreventiveMeasures

Globalizationmeansthattheenterprisesareinordertoseekalargermarket,tosearchbetterresources,todevelopbettercompetitiveadvantage,torunafterhigherprofits,tobreaktheboundaries,sothatresearching,development,production,disseminationofinformation,productsorserviceswhichcanparticipateintheinternationaldivisionoflaborandexchangeprocess.However,therearemanyuncertaintiesofthechangesininternalandexternalfactors,itisdifficultforcorporatemanagerstoanalyzethereasons.Anyenterprisewillencountertherisksintheprocessofglobalizationthataremorecomplexthantherisksofthedomesticprocess.

Forlargeenterprises,theabilityofanti-riskisverypowerful,especiallytherearecostandtalentadvantagesinthetermsofpreventionandrisktransfer.TherisktransferandavoidancemeasureswhichareworkingwithlargeenterprisesarenotapplicabletoSmallandmediumenterprises.SoitisnecessaryforustostudytherisksandthepreventivemeasuresforSmallandmediumenterprises,especiallySmallandmediumenterprisesinthecaseoftheprocessofglobalization.

Smallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalizationshouldbetomasterallaspectsofinformation,accordingtointernalandexternalenvironmentwhichmaychangeintrend,forecastingandidentifyingthemainrisksthatenterprisesface,inordertokeeptheprogramtoadjusttheoperationofenterprises,toavoidpossiblelosses.Generalspeaking,differententerpriseshavedifferentexternalenvironment,therisksthateveryenterprisefacesandtheabilitytotakerisksaredifferent,sothebusinessriskpreventionmeasureswillvary,butinanycase,theenterprisesmustbeabletoproperlyidentifytherisksandproperlyassesstheirownabilitytopreventrisksbeforechoosingtheRiskpreventionmeasures.

FromthecurrentsituationofChineseSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization,wecandividethebusinessrisksintointernalandexternalrisks.Iwilltalkaboutthemindetailasfollowing.

1.TheinternalrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization.

TheinternalrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalizationaretherisksresultingfrominternalfactors,mainlytechnicalrisks,managementrisksandproductqualityrisks.Therearethreeaspectsforthispart.

（1）ThetechnicalrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization.

Technicalrisksarethelossthatmayresultfromwhatthecompany'sproductiontechnologyfailedtomeetacustomerortechnicalstandardsofexportingcountries.Technicalriskscanbedividedintointernalandexternaltechnicalrisks.Theinherenttechnicalrisksarethedecreaseinsalesandthelossofmarketcausedbytheenterprises’productdesignandmanufacturingtechnologywhicharenotinadominantposition.Externaltechnicalrisksarethatthetechnicalindexofoneormorecompany'sproductscannotmeetthestandardsrequiredbytheimportingcountries.Theinherenttechnicalrisksaretheenterprises’internalrisks,externaltechnicalrisksareenterprises’externalrisks.AfterChinajoinsintotheWTO,thetariffbarriersthatenterprisesfacedarereduced,butnon-tariffbarriersthatenterprisesfacedareincreased,andthetechnicalbarrierisoneofthemeansthatsomedevelopedcountriesoftenusetorestrictimportsfromothercountries.

AlthoughSmallandmediumenterpriseshavetheadvantageofspecializedtechnicalinnovation,butnowtechnologicalchangesarerapidintheinternationalmarket,therearemanydisadvantagesinresearchingandfundingofdevelopmentforSmallandmediumenterprises,orinthetechnicaltalent.Inparticular,forChineseSmallandmediumenterprises,thedevelopingtimeisshort,theaccumulationoffundsislimited,ChineseSmallandmediumenterprisesmainlydependonlaborcostadvantageratherthanrelyontechnologicalsuperiorityintheglobalizationprocess.

（2）ThemanagerialrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization.

ThemanagerialrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalizationaretheprobabilitiesofreducingmarketshare,fallingprofits,andevenpotentialbankruptcycausedbytheimpropermanagerialmeasuresadoptedbySmallandmediumenterprises.Sothemanagerialriskinthiscaseisactuallyanoperationalrisk.

ForSmallandmediumenterprises,themostimportantresourcesaretheclientresourcesandcoretechnologyresources.Whenthepersonwhomastertheclientresourcesleavetheenterprisesandtakesomecorporatecustomers,theenterprisesnotonlylosetheclientresources,butalsohavemorecompetitorswhoareveryfamiliarwiththem.Whichwillmakeenterprisesbeinaverypassivepositionandresulthugelosses.ThestructureofSmallandmediumenterprisesisrelativelysimple,soitisdifferentforthemtoestablishacomprehensiveinternalcontrolsystem.

（3）TherisksofproductqualityofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization.

Ininternationaltrade,therisksofproductqualityofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalizationarebroadandcannotbeusedtounderstandthedomesticlawsandregulations,differentcountrieshavedifferentrequirements.Comparingwiththeexternaltechnicalbarriers,externaltechnicalbarriersmaymaketheenterpriseslosetheirmarket,butrisksofproductqualitymaymaketheexportingenterprisesnotonlylosethemarket,butalsobearsubstantialdamages.

2、TheexternalrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization.Therearetwoaspectsforthispart.

TheexternalrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalizationareresultingfromexternalfactors.Asthebusinessofglobalizationincludesinternationaltradeandinternationalinvestment,sotheexternalrisksofSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalizationincludestherisksofinternationaltradeandtherisksofinternationalinvestment.Therisksofinternationaltradefocusonshort-termrisks,suchasmarketrisk,currencyriskandotherrisksendsoon.Therisksofinternationalinvestmentfocusonlong-termrisks,suchastheriskofnationalization,therisksofpolicychanges,capitalriskandtherisksoftransferfunding,therisksofpolityandwar.

（1）TherisksofinternationaltradeforSmallandmediumenterprises.

TherisksofinternationaltradeforSmallandmediumenterprisesmeanthepossibilityofpotentiallosswhatareresultingfromthechangesofinternationalpoliticalandeconomicenvironmentandthechangesoftradingpartner'stradepolicy.Specificallyincludingmarketrisks,therisksoftradebarriers,therisksoftradesettlement,andtherisksofexchangerate.

（2）TherisksofinternationalinvestmentforSmallandmediumenterprises.

Sincereformandopeningup,theeconomiclevelandthevolumeofforeigntradeofChinahaveagreatdevelopment.Theoriginalcompetitiveadvantagesintheprocessofglobalizationhavebeenreducedandevensomenon-existent,sotheenterprisesmustdeveloptheInternationalinvestmentactivitiestofindmoreresources,toexpandthemarketanddistributetheresourcesinthewiderways.Therisksofinternationalinvestmentisthepossibilityofeconomiclossresultedfrominternationalinvestmentwhichisinaspecificenvironmentandspecificperiodoftime.ThereisInternationalinvestment,thereisboundtotherisksofinternationalinvestment.Inadditiontotherisksofinternationaltrade,therisksofinternationalinvestmentincludetherisksofnationalization,risksofwar,politicalrisksandtherisksofforeignexchangecontrolpolicies.

Thesmallandmediumenterpriseshowtodealwiththerisksintheprocessofglobalization?

Iwillgivesomeofmyideasforsmallandmediumenterprisestodealwiththerisksintheprocessofglobalization.

1、TheGovernmentshouldhelpSmallandmediumenterprisestopreventtherisksintheprocessofglobalization.

Smallandmediumenterprisesareveryimportantintheeconomicandsocialdevelopments,sothegovernmentshoulduseitstangible"hands"toassistSmallandmediumenterprisestoguardagainsttherisksintheprocessofglobalization.GovernmentcanprovidesupportfortheSmallandmediumenterprisesbytax,policiesandfunding,forSmallandmediumenterprisesintheprocessofglobalization,thegovernmentcanhelpenterprisestopreventrisksandincreasetheirabilitytosurviveinthefollowingways:

（1）informationsupport.

（2）technicalsupport.（3）humanresourcessupport.（4）legalaid.（5）graduallyimprovingthefunctioningofmarketssothatriskscanbereasonablytransferringamongthemainstayinthemarket.

2、Theinsidemanagerial