届高考英语二轮复习第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时14阅读理解体裁解读5.docx

届高考英语二轮复习第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时14阅读理解体裁解读5.docx

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届高考英语二轮复习第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时14阅读理解体裁解读5

课时14　阅读理解体裁解读（5）

—应用文【体裁解读】

应用文指在日常工作和生活中使用的文体，一般可分为两大类：

一类是叙述性应用文，例如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等；另一类是说明性应用文，包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、公约、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等。

近年普通高考英语试题主要涉及宣传广告、公告类应用文，当然偶尔也出现了书信类文章；其文章呈现形式多样，除了文字外还有图表、图片、表格、地址、网址等。

高考英语阅读理解应用文的命题特点：

1．应用文类型文章，语言简练，一般来说和所述问题无关的文字不会出现，例如很多文章没有标题，许多文章甚至通篇都没有一句完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。

2．就其用词来看，文章中充斥着大量冗长而生僻的专有名词，例如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且均没有汉语注释。

3．应用文的行文方式，每种文体都有其固定的格式。

叙述性应用文采用一般记叙文的写作方法，无特别之处：

说明性应用文的行文是排列式——即以小标题为单位逐一下行排列。

4．高考英语应用文的设问一般按照文章段落的顺序依次设置。

设问内容一般以细节题为主，也兼有询问短文出处和写作意图的题目。

例如：

Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthisarticle/passage?

Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

体裁演练（2017·全国新课标Ⅰ）

PacificScienceCenterGuide

◆VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStore

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◆Hungry?

Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind，butwhataboutyourbody？

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◆RentalInformation

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1．WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?

A．InBuilding1.

B．InBuilding3.

C．AttheLaserDome.

D．AttheDennyWayentrance.

2．WhatdoesPacificScienceCenterdoforschools?

A．Trainscienceteachers.

B．Distributesciencebooks.

C．Inspirescientificresearch.

D．Takesciencetotheclassroom.

3．Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?

A．Toencouragedonations.

B．Toadvertisecomingevents.

C．Tointroducespecialexhibits.

D．TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.

【能力提升】

A

Inthecomingmonths，wearebringingtogetherartistsfromallovertheglobe，toenjoyspeakingShakespeare'splaysintheirownlanguage，inourGlobe，withinthearchitectureShakespearewrotefor.Pleasecomeandjoinus.

NationalTheatreofChina　Beijing|Chinese

Thisgreatoccasion（盛会）willbetheNationalTheatreofChina'sfirstvisittotheUK.Thecompany'sproductionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturyChinesetheatre.ThisproductionofShakespeare'sRichardⅢwillbedirectedbytheNational'sAssociateDirector，WangXiaoying.

Date&Time：

Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April，1.30pm&6.30pm

MarjanishviliTheatre　Tbilisi|Georgian

OneofthemostfamoustheatresinGeorgia，theMarjanishvili，foundedin1928，appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmed（指导）bythecompany'sArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze.

Date&Time：

Friday18May,2.30pm&Saturday19May,7.30pm

DeafinitelyTheatre　London|BritishSignLanguage（BSL）

BytranslatingtherichandhumoroustextofLove'sLabour'sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL，DeafinitelyTheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare'scomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.

Date&Time：

Tuesday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pm

HabimaNationalTheatre　TelAviv|Hebrew

TheHabimaisthecentreofHebrewlanguagetheatreworldwide.FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution，thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s.Since1958，theyhavebeenrecognisedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare'sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.

Date&Time：

Monday28May,7.30pm&Tuesday29May,7.30pm

1．WhichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?

A．RichardⅢ.B．Love'sLabour'sLost.

C．AsYouLikeIt.D．TheMerchantofVenice.

2．WhatisspecialaboutDeafinitelyTheatre?

A．Ithastwogroupsofactors.

B．ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon.

C．ItperformsplaysinBSL.

D．Itisgoodatproducingcomedies.

3．WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew?

A．OnSaturday28April.　B．OnSunday29April.

C．OnTuesday22May.D．OnTuesday29May.

B

SanFranciscoFireEngineTours

SanFranciscoWineryTour

Running：

February1stthroughApril30th

ThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.（Includedinticketprice）

DepartingfromtheCannery：

Tourtimesuponrequest

Duration（时长）：

2hours

Price：

$90

BacktotheFiftiesTour

Running：

August16ththroughAugust31st

ThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco'smostfantasticperiods，the1950s!

EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.

DepartingfromtheCannery：

5：

00pmand7：

30pm

Duration：

2hours

Price：

$90

SpookyHalloweenTour

Running：

October10ththroughOctober31st

JoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear（服装）isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.

DepartingfromtheCannery：

6：

30pmand8：

30pm

Duration：

1hourand30minutes

Price：

Availableuponrequest

HolidayLightsTour

Running：

December6ththroughDecember23rd

ThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco'smostcheerfulholidayscenes.Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.

DepartingfromtheCannery：

7：

00pmand9：

00pm

Duration：

1hourand30minutes

Advancereservationsrequired.

4．WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?

A．SanFranciscoWineryTour.

B．BacktotheFiftiesTour.

C．SpookyHalloweenTour.

D．HolidayLightsTour.

5．WhatcantouristsdoonBacktotheFiftiesTour?

A．GotoTreasureIsland.

B．Enjoytheholidayscenes.

C．Havefreeicecream.

D．VisitthePresidiodistrict.

6．WhataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonHolidayLightsTour?

A．Takesomedrinks.

B．Setoffearlyinthemorning.

C．Wearwarmclothes.

D．Makereservationsinadvance.

C

TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight，bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats，fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition，whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth，canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground，itgets35milespergallon.

Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale，andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.

Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s，accordingtoRobertMann，anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.

MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft，whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition，arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.

7．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A．ThebasicdataoftheTransition.

B．Theadvantagesofflyingcars.

C．Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.

D．ThedesignersoftheTransition.

8．WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?

A．Itcausestrafficjams.B．Itisdifficulttooperate.

C．Itisveryexpensive.D．Itburnstoomuchfuel.

9．Whatisthegovernment'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?

A．Cautious.B．Favorable.

C．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.

10．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．FlyingCaratAutoShow

B．TheTransition'sFirstFlight

C．Pilots'DreamComingTrue

D．FlyingCarClosertoReality

D

AGuidetotheUniversity

Food

TheTWUCafeteriaisopen7amto8pm.Itservessnacks,drinks,icecreambarsandmeals.YoucanpaywithcashoryourIDcards.YoucanaddmealmoneytoyourIDcardsattheFrontDesk.Evenifyoudonotbuyyourfoodinthecafeteria,youcanusethetablestoeatyourlunch,tohavemeetingsandtostudy.

Ifyouareoncampusintheeveningorlateatnight,youcanbuysnacks,fastfood,anddrinksintheLowerCafélocatedinthebottomleveloftheGouglasCentre.Thisareaisoftenusedforentertainmentsuchasconcerts,gamesorTVwatching.

Relaxation

TheGlobe,locatedinthebottomlevelofMcMillanHall,isavailableforrelaxing,studying,cooking,andeating.Monthlyactivitiesareheldhereforallinternationalstudents.Hoursare