广东省澄海中学学年度第二学期高三级综合测试英语试题一Word文档格式.docx

广东省澄海中学学年度第二学期高三级综合测试英语试题一Word文档格式.docx

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每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Whentheyweren'

tservingaspoliticians,writingworksofliteratureorstarringinHollywoodmovies，manyhistoricalfiguresalsofoundtimetocreatesomethinguseful.

AbrahamLincoln

AbrahamLincolnistheonlypresidenttoholdaU.S.patent.In1849,hedesignedadevice（装置〉thatcouldbeattachedtotheaidesofaboatandusedtolifttheboatovershallowsectionsofariver.Lincolnevenbuiltawoodenmodel，butwhilehereceivedhispatent,theinventionwasneverputintouse.

AlbertEinstein

In1926,EinsteinwasinspiredtodesignarefrigeratorafterreadinganewsstoryaboutaBerlinfamilywhohadbeenkilledbypoisonousgasleakingfromtheirfridge.Einsteinreceivedapatentforthefridgein1930andrecentresearchsuggeststhatsimilarcoolersmightbeaneco-friendlyalternativetomodernrefrigeratorsthatuseFreon（氟利昂）.

RoaldDabl

Thoughmanypeopleknowthathewasafamousauthorofchildren，sbookssuchas“CharlieandtheChocolateFactory”，RoaldDabllivedavariedlife.Hisinterestinmedicinecameafteracaraccidentwhichlefthissonwith“wateronthebrain”.Hehelpedtodevelopadevicetoeasehischild’ssuffering.Thedevicewasputintoproductionin1962andwaslaterusedtotreatsome3，000childrenworldwide.

HedyLamarr

HedwigEvaMariaKiesler一betterknownbyherstagenameHedyLaman一becamefamousforstarringinHollywoodfilms.Inthe1940s，shepioneeredanewmethodofatechniquefordisguisingradiotransmissions.Otherinventorslaterexpandedonhergroundbreakingideas,andsimilarsystemstoher“SecretCommunicationsSystem”areusedineverythingfromcommunicationssatellitestomobilephones.

1.HowwasAbrahamLincolndifferentfromtheotherthree?

A.Hewasveryfamous.B.Hewasamanofwideinterests.

C.Hisinventiondidn'

tapparentlybenefitpeople.D.Hewastheonlyonetoholdapatent.

2.WhydidmedicinebecomeappealingtoRoaldDahl?

A.Hewantedtohelphischild.B.Helostinterestinwriting.

C.Medicinebecamemorepopular.D.Heneededmoneytocurehischild.

3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontocommunicationstechnology?

A.AbrahamLincoln.B.HedyLamarr.

C.RoaldDablD.AlbertEinstein

4.Whatdothecharactersinthetexthaveincommon?

A.Theyweredevotedtopublichealth.B.Theywereignoredintheirtime.

C.Theyhadenvironmentalawareness.D.Theywereallcreative.

B

Thedayoftheend-of-semesterpartlyinmyson'

sfifthgradeclasswasapproaching.Whiletheotherkidsseemedthrilledaboutcelebratingtheiraccomplishmentsbyplayinggamesandsharingtreats,Jeremyhatedtheveryideaofthegathering.

Ashecheckedoffthedaysleadinguptotheparty，InoticedthewayIhadadoptedtohelpmyquietchildprepareforsocialeventsbackfired：

therisingnumberofcheckmarksfeltmorelikeadrumbeatinglouderandlouderthananicewaytogetintothepartygroove（状态）.

Inordernottoraisethepressuretoohigh,Idecidedtocontributesomethingthatwaseasytopurchase—fruit.

Thatbigdaycame.Onthewaytoschool，IremindedJeremytomakeapurchaseofsomegrapes.Hechosetheripestbunchofredgrapes,butinsistednoneofhisclassmateseverbeabletodetecthehadsomethingtobringtotheparty.

ThenasplannedattheschoolgateIsaidaquickgoodbyeandrantoinformhisteacherabouttheredgrapesinhisbackpackandmanagedtobeoutoftheclassroombefore1couldbespiedbymyson.

AsIenteredmyownclassroomafewminuteslater,Isetasidemyworriesandproceeded（继续）withmyregularmorningcheck-ins.Yetthistime，Iwasmoreintentional（故意的）abouttakingextratimetohelpallofmystudentsparticipate.Overtime,Idesignedlotsoftechniquestomakemyquietstudentsfeelmorecomfortableaboutsharingthoughtsandopinionswithothers.

So,whathappenedtoJeremyonthatday?

Hiscaringteacherperformedmagicinclass.Anunusuallyspecificquestion：

“Doesanyonehaveanygrapes?

”encouragedJeremytotakeoutthefruit.Becauseofthesupporthereceived,heremembersthatdaywithprideforhiscourage,ratherthanregretforhisinaction.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“backfired”inParagraph2?

A.Worked.B.Disappeared.C.Survived.D.Failed.

6.WhatcanweknowaboutJeremy?

A.Heisaselfishchild.B.Helikestoeatgrapes.

C.Heisinactiveinactivities.D.Hostudiesmagicinclass.

7.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnbyhelpingherownchild?

A.Sharingcanhelpreducenervousness.

B.Quietchildrencanbeasactiveasanyoneelse.

C.Teachersshouldtrytheirbesttohelpeachstudent.

D.Moreshouldbedonetoimproveteachers'

ability.

C

Themajorityofastronauts（宇航员）fromAmericahavebeenmen.Atthestartofthespaceprogrammetherewasstrongresistancefromsomepeopleagainsthavingwomeninspace.However,somewomenwereverykeentobecomeastronautsandintheendtheyweresuccessful.In1978,NASAbeganthefirsttrainingprogrammeforwomenastronauts.

JudyResnickandChristaMcAuliffewerebothastronautsandtheywerebothwomen,butinmanyotherwaystheywereverydifferent.BothofthemwereonFlightSTS-5L-L.JudyResnickwasbornin1949andstudiedengineeringatuniversityandwentontoobtainaPhDin1977.Shewasamemberofthefirstgroupofwomenselectedforastronauttrainingin1978,andin1984,shebecamethesecondwomaninspace.Duringthatflight,shehelpedtolaunchthreenewsatellitesandshecarriedoutaprogrammeofresearch.Shewas,inmanyways,aprofessionalastronautwhosewholelifewasdevotedtospacetravel.

ChristaMcAuliffewasbornin1948andshewasanastronautalmostbyaccident.In1984,NASAdecidedtofindateacherwhocouldaccompanyastronautsintospace.Theyhopedthatshewouldbeabletocommunicatewithstudentsfromspaceandencourageeveryoneofthemtobeinterestedinspacetravel.Christawasasecondaryteacherinhistoryandsocialstudies.Shewasagiftedteacherandshewasselectedfromover11,000applicantstogoonflightSTS-51-L.Shewasalsoaverygoodcommunicatorandsheimmediatelyestablishedaverygoodrelationshipwiththenewsmedia（radio,televisionandnewspapers）.Itwaspartlybecauseofthisthattherewasagreatdealofinterestandexcitementabouttheflight.ThousandsofstudentsinschoolsanduniversitiesallaroundthecountrywerelookingforwardtocommunicatingwithChristainspace.Millionsofpeoplewerewatchingherflightwithgreatinterest.ItispartlybecauseoftheexcitementoverMcAuliffe'

splaceintheflightthatthedisasterin1986hadsuchaneffectonpeople.

8.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat___________.

A.Judywasagainsttheideaofhavingwomeninspaceatfirst

B.Judyhelpedtolaunchthreenewsatellitesattheageof35

C.Judywasthefirstwomanselectedforastronauttraining

D.Judycarriedoutaprogrammeduringhersecondspacetravel

9.ChristaMcAuliffewaschosenfortrainingbecause_______.

A.shewaspopularwiththenewsmedia

B.sheexpectedtogivehistorylessonsinspace

C.shewasanexcellentteacherandcommunicator

D.shemadethestudentsinspaceveryexcited

10.ThereasonwhytherewasgreatinterestinFlightSTS-51-Listhat________.

A.bothChristaandJudygotPhDdegreesinthesameyear

B.ayoungsecondaryschoolteacherwasontheflight

C.studentsweregoingtolearnmoreaboutspacetravel

D.itwasthefirsttimeforwomentotravelinspace

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TwoAstronautsB.FlightSTS-51-L

C.TravellinginSpaceD.TheTrainingProgramme

D

America’sbusinessesaregettingolderandfatter,whilemanynewbusinessesaredyingininfancy.

AstudylastmonthbytheBrookingsInstitutionfoundthattheproportionofolderfirmshasgrownsteadilyoverseveraldecades,whilethesurvivalrateofnewcompanieshasfallen.Inaddition,youngpeoplearestartingcompaniesatasharplylowerratethaninthepast.

AnewreportfromtheNationalAssociationofManufacturersshowsamajorcause:

Thecostofobeyinggovernmentregulationshasrisentomorethan$2trillion（12.26trillionyuan）annually,or12percentoftheGDP,andthiscostfallsdisproportionatelyonsmaller,newerbusinesses.

It’srisky,difficultandexpensivetostartabusiness,andgettingmoreso.Governmentsareimposingvariousnewrulesonaseeminglydailybasis:

healthinsurance,minimumwageincreasesand,mostrecentlyinCalifornia,compulsorypaidsickdaysforevenhourlyemployees.Theseregulationsshifthugesocialwelfarecostsdirectlyontooften-strugglingsmallbusinesses,whilebeingproportionallymuchlesscostlyforlargercompanies.

Thisispartlyanunintendedissueofresources—establishedcompaniescancopewithnewcostsmoreeasily—butit’salsodeliberate.Forinstance,biginsurancecompaniesgotaseatatthetabletohelpwriteObamacare,butlesspoliticallypowerfulfirms—likemedicaldevicemanufacturers—gotsqueezed.

Mature,successfulcorporationscanemployex-lawmakerswithconnections,distributecampaigncontributionsandevenwriteregulationsforthemselves.Theyarealsomorelikelytowanttoprotectsteadyrevenuestreamsthanrevolutionizetheirindustry.

Majorcompaniesthathavebeensoill-managedtheywouldotherwisecollapse—airlines,carcompaniesandbanks—stagger（蹒跚）onbecausepoliticiansridetotherescuewithbagsoftaxpayermoney.

Thegeniusofouruniquesystemofgovernmentisthedeterminationtoprotectanddefendtherightsoftheindividualovertherightso