学年高中英语专题05Firstaid试题新人教版必修5.docx

学年高中英语专题05Firstaid试题新人教版必修5.docx

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学年高中英语专题05Firstaid试题新人教版必修5

专题05Firstaid

Knowingalittlefirstaidcouldbelife-savingifyouseesomeonelyingunconscious.

如果你看见有人晕倒，而你又了解一些急救措施，那很可能会挽救一条生命。

Toooftenpeopledon’tdoanythingbecausetheythinktheywillkillthepatient,butbylearningsimplerulesyoucouldmakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

通常人们都是什么都不做，因为他们认为自己的做法可能会害死病人。

但是学习些简单的措施，你就可能救人于生死之间了。

First,youneedtofindoutifthey’reunconscious,asleepordrunk,bysqueezingtheskinbetweentheirneckandshoulderandshouting.

首先，你需要通过测他们的颈动脉，并大声呼喊来确定他们是无意识了，还是睡着了或者喝醉了。

Ifthereisnoresponseatall,youneedtoestablishiftheyaredeadorjustunconscious—sometimesit’sverydifficulttotellthedifference.

如果没有反应的话，你需要确定他们是死了，还是仅仅是晕过去了——有时候很难分辨清楚它们。

Opentheairwaybyplacingonehandontheirforeheadandgentlytiltingtheheadbackwhileliftingthechin.

把一只手放在他们的前额慢慢地把头向后倾，同时抬高下颚，以确保呼吸顺畅。

Iftherearenosignsoflife—noobviouspulseandtheirchestisnotgoingupanddown—callanambulanceandthenstartcardiopulmonaryresuscitation（CPR）tomaintainaflowofoxygenatedbloodtothebrainandheart.

如果没有明显的脉搏和心跳，那就是没有生命迹象了。

此时要立刻叫救护车，并开始心肺复苏以保持带有氧气的血液在大脑和心脏之间流通。

Dothisbypushingupanddownonthecentreofthechest,withyourhandsinterlockedtogether,constantlyuntilanambulancearrives.

把你的手交叠相扣，按住胸腔中心部分上上下下地不停按压，直到救护车到达。

Pushatarateof100beatsaminute。

Youcan’tharmthemdoingthisandmightjustsavealife.

保持一分钟按压100次的频率。

你这样做不会伤害到他们，但却可能挽救一条生命。

高考试题一

体裁

题材

词数

难度

建议时间

记叙文

TaylorBisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命

344

★★★☆☆

6＇

（2017·北京）ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered（发抖）alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.

Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris’seyerolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”

Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirstnoonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?

”

CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson’schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagingquickly.

Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn’tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylor.

Taylor’sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices（器械）thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:

Paris’heartbeatreturned.

“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”

ExpertssayParisisright:

Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.

Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”

1.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?

A.Shecaughtabadcold.

B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.

C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.

D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice

2.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?

A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.

B.Sherecoveredfromshock.

C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.

D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.

3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?

A.Enthusiasticandkind.

B.Courageousandcalm.

C.Cooperativeandgenerous.

D.Ambitiousandprofessional.

【语篇解读】讲述TaylorBisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。

高考试题二

体裁

题材

词数

难度

建议时间

新闻报道

9岁女童用急救方法救父亲

300

★★★☆☆

6＇

（2014·四川卷阅读理解C篇）Aschoolgirlsavedherfather’slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic（过敏的）reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.

Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm’sheartbystamping（踩）onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.

Izzy’smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.

However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren’tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather’schestinstead.

Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions（按压）untiltheambulancearrived.

Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:

＂Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn’tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.＂

＂She’salittlestar,＂saidDebbie.＂IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan’tbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe’vegottoseeanexpert.＂

TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.

Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.

39.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest　　　　.

A.toexpressherhelplessnessB.topractiseCPRonhim

C.tokeephimawakeD.torestarthisheart

40.What’stherightorderoftheevents?

①IzzykickedColm.

②Debbiecalled999.

③IzzylearnedCPR.

④Colm’sheartstopped.

A.③①②④B.④②③①C.③④②①D.④③①②

41.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?

A.WhatColmsuffered.B.Colm’spresentcondition.

C.WhatcausedColm’sallergy.D.SymptomsofColm’sallergicreaction.

42.Whydoestheauthorwritethenews?

A.Todescribeaseriousaccident.

B.ToprovetheimportanceofCPR.

C.Toreporta9-year-oldgirl’sbraveact.

D.Tocallpeople’sattentiontoallergicreaction.

【文章大意】本文为新闻报道。

文中报道了9岁女童勇敢救父的故事。

Izzy的父亲因过敏反应心脏停止工作，Izzy采取急救措施挽救了父亲的生命。

39.D细节理解题。

由第一段中的＂Aschoolgirlsavedherfather’slifebykickinghiminthechest＂以及第二段中的＂Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm’sheartbystamping（踩）onhischest＂可知，Izzy踩她父亲的胸的目的是使父亲的心脏回复跳动。

【试题分析】

现代社会，生活、工作等中存在的危险因素和发生的意外并不少见，而掌握一定的急救知识，在关键时刻会起很大作用。

本试题的主题是9岁女童用所学的急救知识救父亲，在不影响关键信息的前提下，材料中出现个别考纲上没有的词汇，这实际上是对学生模糊容忍度的考查。

在阅读过程中，适当的模糊容忍度是学生做阅读理解试题所必须的一种能力，这要求在高中英语阅读教学中适当培养学生此方面的能力。

高考试题三

体裁

题材

词数

难度

建议时间

记叙文

接力送药救儿童

449

★★★☆☆

28＇

（2016·北京卷完形填空）ARaceAgainstDeath

ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNome,Alaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.

Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious（传染的）diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.

HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?

Thetown’s39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn’tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn’ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn’texistyet.

41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymorewere42.Nome’stownofficialscameupwitha（n）43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogsled（狗拉雪橇）drivers—knownas＂mushers＂—would45ittoNomeinarelay（接力）.

TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon’sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.

OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.

AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhis50.Hehadtoleavethetrail（雪橇痕迹）togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.Hehadfoundthetrail.

At5:

30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhisdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.

Nomehadbeen55.

36.A.examinedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured

37.A.harmlessB.helplessC.fearlessD.careless

38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However

39.A.airportB.stationC.harborD.border

40.A.narrowB.snowyC.busyD.dirty

41.A.FromB.OnC.ByD.After

42.A.tiredB.upsetC.paleD.sick

43.A.planB.excuseC.messageD.topic

44.A.airB.railC.seaD.road

45.A.carryB.returnC.mail