雅思阅读练习十二.docx

雅思阅读练习十二.docx

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雅思阅读练习十二

雅思阅读-练习十二

（总分：

40.00，做题时间：

90分钟）

一、Readingpassage1（总题数：

2，分数：

14.00）

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-14,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.

[*]

DoingItfortheKids

AThedefiningmomentofVickyYaylor'spostdoccamewhenshemetaneight-year-oldgirlinaprimaryschool."1askedher,'Whatdoyouthinkaboutscience?

'andshesaidstraightout,'Menarescientists',"recallsTaylor."'ButI'mascientist,'Isaid—andthattotallychangedherperception."

BTaylor,anendocrinologist,istakingpartinaschemethatpaysresearchersatImperialCollegeLondontospendhalftheirtimeteachinginlocalschools.INSPIRE（InnovativeSchemeforPost-docsinResearchandEducation）,nowhalfwaythroughitstrialperiod,isaresponsetofearsthatscienceteachingintheUnitedKingdomisincrisis.ThenumberofsciencestudentsinUKschoolsanduniversitieshasfalleninmostsubjectsoverthepastdecade,erodingthesupplyofscienceteachers（seegraphic）.Some800newphysicsteacherswereneededin2000,butonly200signedupforteachertraining.SimilarshortagesandtrendsareseenintheUnitedStates,andwhenvacanciesarefilled,theteachersarelessandlesslikelytohaveanysciencetraining.

CINSPIREistryingtoreversethistrend.IncollaborationwiththepharmaceuticalcompanyGlaxoSmithKline,itoffersthree-yearcontractstopostdoctoralresearchers,combinedwithateacher-trainingcourse.RichardSykes,formerchairmanofGlaxoSmithKlineandcurrentrectorofImperialCollege,isthedrivingforcebehindthescheme,whichbeganinSeptember2002.SincejoiningImperialin2001,hehasbecomeconcernedbytheshrinkingpoolofscienceapplicants.

DSykesbelievesthatINSPIREcanshapethenextgenerationofscientistswhiletheyarestillintheclassroom.Hehadthecontactsandclouttobringtogetherdrug-industrycash,academicexpertiseandgovernmentsupporttomakeithappen.AlthoughINSPIRE'sfuturefundingisnotyetsecure,Sykesbelievestheschemecouldbereproducedinuniversitiesandschoolsaroundthecountry.

EWhyencourageactivescientists,notjustgraduates,tobecometeachers?

Sykes'sresponseisblunt."Mostpeoplewhoteachsciencehaven'tevenbeenproperlyeducatedinit.Askidsgetoldertheybecomemoresophisticatedandaskmoresophisticatedquestions—andiftheydon'tgetanswers,theygiveup."Postdocshavetheexperience,backgroundanddepthofunderstandingtogivethemthoseanswers,heclaims.

FAlltheINSPIREpostdocsagreethattheirexperienceallowsthemtoactasrolemodels,givecareersadvice,andtalkabouthowscienceisusedinthewiderworld.Buttherearesomepracticalbenefitstoo.JennyLittenisapig-nutritionresearcheratImperialCollege'scampusinWye,Kent,andisfinishingherfirstyearwithINSPIRE.Sometimesthepigletsinherresearcharestillborn,soshedissectedoneoftheseanimalsforacrowdof60pupils.Theteachershewasworkingwithhadaphysicsbackground,andwouldneverhavedonethedissectionhimself,explainsLitten."It'sadifferentexperienceforthekids,becausenotmanysecondaryschoolsdemonstratedissectionanymore,"shesays.

GAfterthreeyears,theINSPIREpostdocscaneithercontinuetheirresearchorswitchtoteaching.Noneoftheoriginalrecruitshasdecidedyet.Buteveniftheystayinresearch,theschoolstheyworkinwillstillhavebenefited.Eachschoolgets￡40,000（US$75,000）fromGlaxoSmithKlinetokick-startabidtobecomeaspecialistsciencecollege,amovethatattractsincreasedgovernmentfundingforequipmentandstaff.Theschoolsspreadthesebenefitsbyrunningeveningclasses,orintroducingyoungerchildrentoscience.Taylor'smomentwiththelittlegirlhappenedduringanoutreachvisittoalocalprimaryschool.

HPlantscientistStevenCookwasamongthefirstINSPIRErecruits.Hesaysthatiftheybecometeacherstheyaremorelikelytoworkwitholderpupilswhohavechosentostudyscience.HesawINSPIREasarouteintoteachingthatallowedthemtocontinueresearchprojectswhileearningalmostthreetimesasmuchastraineeteachers.Butjugglingtwojobsisachallenge.Eventhoughtheirtimeshouldbesplitevenlybetweenteachingandresearch,allthepostdocssaythatstudyingforateachingqualificationeatsintotheirresearchtime.Itisvirtuallyimpossibletogotoaconferenceifithappensduringateachingblock,saysTaylor.

ICooksayshisresearchadviseristotallysupportiveofthescheme,notleastbecausehegetsafree'half-postdoc'forthreeyears.EventhoughCook'sresearchhasprogressedslowly,hebelievesthathavingcompletedhisteachertraininghewillbeabletodevotemoretimetothelab.Itiscertainlyvitaltohaveasupportivelabgroup:

"Theteamisveryadaptable,sotheresearchcancontinueevenwhenI'mnothere,"saysLitten."It'saguaranteedbitoffundingforthreeyears,whereasalotofpostdocjobsmightonlybeforayear,"saysDavidChestnut,alaserphysicistinhisfirstyearwithINSPIRE.Heisundecidedabouthisfuture,butsaysthatheenjoysteachingandispickinguptransferableskills."It'scertainlynoticeableinpublicspeaking.IwenttoaconferenceacoupleofweeksagowhereIwasmuchmoreconfident,"hesays.

JTayloriscandidthatshesawthisasawaytoboostherchancesofgettingauniversitylectureship."TheonethingIdidn'thavewasateachingqualification,"shesays.ShepointsoutthattheUKgovernmentispushingforallnewlecturerstohaveaformalteachingqualificationby2006."Andifyouwanttolearnteachingskills,it'sbettertogotowheretheproperteachingishappening,whichisinschool,"shesays.INSPIREallowshertogetateachingqualificationwithoutdroppingherresearch,andgivesheranalternativecareeroptionthatiseasiertofitafamilyaround."It'sstillaproblemforfemaleresearcherstotakeacareerbreaktohavekids,"shesays.

KWithonlysixpostdoc-teacherssofar,canINSPIREmakearealdifference?

Taylorthinksso."IfyoujustinspireoneNobelprizewinnerthenit'sbeenworthit—wherewouldwebeifEinsteinhadoptedforEnglishinsteadofscience?

"shesays."Atfirst,ourinterestinINSPIREwasthemoney,"admitsRalphJames,headofscienceatStGregory'sHighSchoolinLondon,whereTaylorteaches,buthewassurprisedbyhowmuchdifferencethepostdocsmadetopracticallessons."Ifit'sasuccessthenitcouldbeamodeltobeadoptedelsewhere,"headds.

LTheUniversityofLeedsislaunchinganequivalentschemeinSeptember.OeriNursaw,headoftheuniversity'scityandregionaloffice,iscoordinatingthescheme.ShehopesthatitwillyieldmoreapplicationsforLeeds'smathematicsandsciencecourses.And,sheadds,goingintoschoolsisgoodforresearchers:

"Teachingwillgivethemabetterunderstandingoftheirsubject."IttookLeedstwoyearstogetgoing,butNursawthinksotheruniversitiescouldgetaprogrammerstartedinlessthanayear.

MShirleyAnnJackson,presidentoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementoScience,hascampaignedforsimilaroutreacheffortsintheUnitedStatesformorethantwoyears.Shearguesthatuniversityorindustryresearcherscouldmakesignificantteachingcontributionduringtheschoolyearandfocusontheirresearchinthesummer.

NThekeyismoney:

everyonelikestheseinitiatives,butnobodywantstopayforthem.Afterreceivinggovernmentfundingduringitsfirstyear,INSPIRE'sfutureislookingshaky.Imperialisnowfundingthepostdocs'researchthemselves,whichSykessaysisunsustainable.DespitesupportfromBritain'sscienceminister,DavidSainsbury,Sykessaysthat"thegoodintentionsjustgetlostinthebureaucraticmachine.Kafkahadnothingonthis."Thedualnatureofapostdoc'sworkmeansthatthegovernmentdepartmentsresponsibleforresearchandeducationeachpassthebuck,headds.Therewon'tbeashortageofapplicants.Initsfirstyear,theschemeattractedmore

Othan50applicationsfromImperialforjustthreepositions.Allsixpostdocssaythattheywouldrecommendtheschemetoanyoneinterestedinteaching,andtheschoolsremainkeen."Thestudentshavereallywarmedtothefactthatthesepeopleareactuallyusingscienceforsomethinguseful,"saysGarethCross,ateacheratStewardsSchoolinHarlow,andoneofthescienceteachersinvolved."Andontopofthat,theycanbringalittlebitofaweandwonderintotheclassroom."

（分数：

7.00）

（1）.StevenCook（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

I）

解析：

（2）.RalphJames（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

B）

解析：

（3）.RichardSykes（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

D）

解析：

（4）.JennyLitten（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

G）

解析：

（5）.CeriNursaw（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

A）

解析：

（6）.VickyTaylor（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

E）

解析：

（7）.DavidChestnut（分数：

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________ （正确答案：

J）

解析：

Questions8-14

LookatthefollowingresearchersandthelistofstatementsaccordingtoINSPIREbelow.

MatcheachresearcherwiththecorrectstatementregardingINSPIRE.

WritethecorrectletterA-Jinboxes8-14onyouranswersheet.

ListofStatements

A.Universitycouldrecruitmorecandidatesforteachingsomecurriculums.

B.Innovationinteachingpatterncouldbecopiedinotherplaces.

C.Scientistscouldfindthewaytocombineteachingtaskandresearch.

D.Scientistscouldofferaccurateknowledgetothosestudentswhentheyareyoung.

E.Itisincompatibleforscientiststodosomeresearchwhilegivealessontostudents.

F.Scientistscouldearnmoremoneyintheirownresearchareas.

G.Itmayhelpteacherstobringnewknowledgeincourses.

H.Lackofapplicantsbecomesabigproblem.

I.Scientistscouldreceivemo