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D．学龄前期
E．学龄期
7．找出下列各项中幼儿期的特点
A．新陈代谢旺盛，营养需要量相对较多
B．身体各器官系统已逐渐发育成熟
C．易发生硬肿症、颅内出血
D．能用语言和简单的文字进行学习
E．生长发育相对缓慢，乳牙已出齐
8．婴儿期重点预防的疾病应除外
A．佝偻病
B．营养性缺铁性贫血
C．营养不良
D．先天性心脏病
E．婴儿腹泻
9．下列哪项是小儿各系统最迟发育的
A．神经系统
B．生殖系统
C．脂肪组织
D．淋巴系统
E．肌肉组织
10．下列哪项是青春期生长发育的最大特点
A．神经发育成熟
B．内分泌调节稳定
C．生殖系统迅速发育，并渐趋成熟
D．体格生成
E．以上都不是
11．以下哪一项不是学龄期儿童保健的重点
A．加强体格锻炼
B．培养良好的生活习惯
C．培养良好的品格
D．加强学校卫生指导
E．完成计划免疫
12．以下内容哪一项不是幼儿期保健重点
A．保证均衡的营养
B．提倡母乳喂养
C．合理安排小儿生活和培养良好的生
活习惯
D．进行生长发育系统监测
13．新生儿保健的重点应放在
A．生后第1h
B．生后10天内
C．生后1周
D．生后第l天
E．生后半个月内
14．以下哪一项不是青春期保健重点
A．保证充足的营养
B．加强早期教育，培养独立生活能力
C．形成健康生活方式
D．加强生理、心理卫生教育
E．培养良好的品德
15．目前我国暂定的生长发育监测的对象是
A．新生儿至2周岁
B．新生儿至3周岁
C．新生儿至4周岁
D．新生儿至5周岁
E．新生儿至6周岁
16．新生儿期的保健护理重点为
A．保温
B．合理喂养
C．注意清洁卫生
D．预防交叉感染
E．以上都正确
17．婴儿期是指
A．出生后到满1岁前
B．出生后到2岁
C．出生后到10个月
D．出生后28天到1周岁
E．出生后28天到10个月
18．幼儿期的特点不包括
A．体格和生长发育速度较婴儿期减慢
B．中枢神经系统发育也渐次减慢
C．言语、动作及心理方面发展较慢
D．前囟闭合、乳牙出齐
E．能控制大小便
19．小儿淋巴系统的发育，哪种说法不正确
A．在婴儿期淋巴结的淋巴组织发育很
快，尤以幼儿期迅速
B．到12～13岁淋巴结发育已达顶点，
以后渐缩小萎缩
C．2岁时扁桃体增大
D．6～7岁时扁桃体第2次生理性增大
E．新生儿期淋巴结大多可触及
20．幼儿期保健工作的重点包括下列各项，
但除外
A．加强饮食卫生
B．预防佝偻病
C．防止意外事故
D．培养良好的生活习惯
E．加强传染病及常见防治
21．按计划免疫程序4个月应种
A．流脑疫苗
B．乙脑疫苗
C．卡介苗
D．脊灰质炎疫苗
E．乙肝疫苗
22．婴儿期计划免疫，下列哪项不正确
A．2个月开始服脊灰减毒活疫苗糖丸
B．2～3个月接种卡介苗
C．8个月注射疫苗
D．3个月接种百、白、破三联疫苗
E．1岁后结合季节、注射乙脑疫苗
23．下列各种计划免疫制剂及其类别，哪组
排列是正确类毒素、灭活菌（疫）苗、
减毒活菌（疫）苗
A．白喉、破伤风、麻疹
B．百日咳、麻疹、流脑
C．白喉、百日咳、卡介苗
D．破伤风、流脑、乙脑
E．破伤风、麻疹、脊髓灰质炎
24．学龄儿童复种卡介苗前，应做何种特异
试验，以检查体内有无结核菌感染
A．0T试验
B．卡介苗试验
C．链霉素皮试
D．利福平治疗试验
25．脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗，初次免疫时需要
A．口服1次
B．每周1次，口服2次
C．每月1次，口服3次
D．每月1次，口服2次
E．每周1次，注射3次
26．麻疹减毒活疫苗，初次免疫需要
A．注射1次
B．每月1次，注射2次
C．每月1次，注射3次
D．每周1次，注射2次
27．乙肝疫苗初次免疫的年龄是
A．生后l～2天
B．2个月以上
C．8个月以上
D．3个月以上
E．1岁以上
28．世界卫生组织推荐的预防接种的4种疫
苗是
A．卡介苗、麻疹疫苗、百白破混合疫
苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗
B．卡介苗、流感疫苗、髓灰质炎疫苗
C．卡介苗、麻疹疫苗、白喉疫苗、脊
伤寒疫苗、霍乱疫苗
D．卡介苗、麻疹疫苗、风疹疫苗、脊
髓灰质炎疫苗
E．麻疹疫苗、流感疫苗、天花疫苗、
脊髓灰质炎疫苗
29．以下几种免疫制剂属死菌苗的是
A．百日咳
B．卡介苗
C．破伤风
D．乙型脑炎
E．白喉
30．以下几种免疫制剂属减毒活疫苗的是
A．卡介苗
B．脊髓灰质炎
C．伤寒
D．白喉
E．乙型脑炎
31．以下免疫制剂属活菌苗的是
A．伤寒
B．霍乱
D．百日咳
32．以下免疫制剂属类毒素的是
A．脊髓灰质炎
B乙脑
C．麻疹
E．破伤风
33．以下所列几组免疫制剂的性质为死菌
苗、减毒活疫苗、类毒素的是
A．百日咳、乙型脑炎、白喉
B．卡介苗、脊髓炎质炎、破伤风
C．伤寒、麻疹、破伤风
D．霍乱、白喉、卡介苗
E．卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎、白喉
34．按计划免疫程序6个月婴儿已接种过的
免疫剂是
A．卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、百白破三联制
剂麻疹疫苗
B．卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、麻疹疫
苗、百白破三联制剂
C．乙肝疫苗、百白破三联制剂、乙脑
疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗
D．卡介苗、百白破三联制剂、麻疹疫
苗、乙脑疫苗
E．卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫
苗百白破三联制剂
35．以下几种情况的婴儿，不能接种卡介苗的是
A．2个月以内婴儿
B．1个月前曾患肺炎已愈
C．1个月前曾患腹泻已愈
D．OT试验阳性的1岁婴儿
E．有先天性6指畸形的婴儿
36．某4个月婴儿第2次接种百、白、破混
合疫苗后，上臂外侧出现红、肿、热、痛、并
伴淋巴结肿大，红肿直径在2．8cm，考虑是
A．接种后局部反应
B．接种后全身反应
C．接种后过敏反应
D．接种后局部中等反应
E．接种后局部强反应
37．某3岁婴儿接种乙脑疫苗，5min后突然
出现烦躁不安，面色苍白，口周发青，
四肢湿冷呼吸困难，脉细弱、应考虑
C．接种后局部强反应
D接种后中等反应
E．接种后过敏性休克
38.Russell'
stractionisprescribedforachildwithalowerlegfracture.Themotherofthechild
asksthenurseaboutthepurposeofthetraction.Whichofthefollowingdoesthenurseexplains
tothemotherthatthistypeoftractionprimarily?
A.Reducesorrealignsafracturesite.
B.Keepsthechildfrommovingaroundinbed.
C.Providesaformofrestraintforthechild.
D.Relievesthechild'
spain.
39.Anurseiscaringforachildafteranappendectomy.Thenurseplanscareknowingthatinchil-
drenpainis:
A.expresseddifferentlyaccordingtothedevelopmentalstage.
B.diminishedbecauseoftheimmaturityofthenervoussystem.
C.easilyforgo.D.unmeasurable.
40.Anurseisprovidinginstructionsabouthomecaretotheparentsofa3-year-oilchildwhohasbeenhospitalizedwithhemophilia~Whichstatement,ifmadebyaparent,indicatesaneedforfurtherinstructions?
A."
Ishouldnotleavemychildunattended."
B."
Ishouldpadthetablecornersinmyhome."
C."
1shouldremovehouseholditemsthatcantipover."
D."
Ineedtoavoidimmunizationsanddentalhygieneformychild."
41.Achildwhowasadmittedtothehospitalforsicklecellcrisisispreparingfordischarge.The
nurseprovidesinstructionstothechild'
sparentsaboutmeasurestopreventacrisis.Which
statement,ifmadebytheparents,indicatesaneedforfurtherinstructions.'
?
Ourchildneedstoavoidhighaltitudesandairtravel."
Weneedtobesurethatourchildincreasesoralfluidintake."
Weneedtonotifythephysicianifvomitingordiarrheaoccur."
Weneedtoincreasethedoseoftheanalgesicassoonasthepainbegins."
*~
42.Anurseprovidesdietaryinstructiontotheparentsofachildwithadiagnosisofcysticfibrosis（CF）.Thenursetellstheparentsthatthechild'
sdietshouldconsistof:
A.low-proteinfoods.B.low-fatfoods.
C.high-caloriefoods.D.low-sodiumfoods.
43.Whichinterventionwouldthenursecarryouttopromotesafetyfora2-month-oldhospitalizedchild.
A.Placetheinfantinasupinepositionforsleep.
B.Removethepacifierfromthemouthassoonassleepbegins.
C.Placenettingovercribwhentheinfantisunsupervised.
D.Useonlyplasticbottlesandtoys.
44.Aschoolnurseresponsiblefortheroutinehealthassessmentofll-year-oldchildrenwould
screenfor:
A.meningitis.B.congenitalhipdisorder.
C.phenylketonuria（PKU）.D.seoliosis.
45.Anurseinthewellbabyclinichasprovidedinstructionsregardingdentalcareofamotherofa10-month-oldchild.Whichstatement,ifmadebythemother,indicatesaneedforfurtherinstructions?
Ineedtostartdentalhygieneassoonastheprimaryteetherupt."
Ineedtousefluoridesupplementsifthewaterisnotfluoridated."
IcancoatapacifierwithhoneyduringthedayaslongasIdonotgivemychildabottleatnaporbedtime."
D."
Ineedtolimittheamountofconcentratedsweets."
46.Aclinicnursehasprovidedinformationtothemotherofatoddlerregardingtoilettrain-ing.Whichstatement,ifmadebythemother,wouldindicateaneedforfurtherinstructions?
Ishouldwaituntilmychildisbetween18and24monthsold."
Iknowthatmychildwilldevelopbowelcontrolbeforebladdercontrol."
Ishouldhavemychildsitonthepottyuntilthechildurinates."
D."
Iknowmychildisreadytobegintoilettrainingifmychildiswalking."
47.Whenadnfinisteringaliquidmedicationtoanuncooperativetoddler,thenursewouldimple-mentwhichstrategytoensurethechild'
scooperation?
A.Allowtheparentstoremainintheroom.
B.Removethechildtoanotherroomawayfromtheparents.
C.Restrainthechildinahighchair.
D.Restrainthechildinapapoose.
48.Ahomehealthnurseisprovidinginstructionstothemotherofatoddlerregardingsafetymeas-uresinthehometopreventanaccidentalburninjury.Whichstatement,ifmadebythemoth-er,indicatesaneedforfurtherinstruction?
IneedtoremaininthekitchenwhenIpreparemeals."
Ineedtobesuretoplacemycupofcoffeeonthecounter."
Ineedtousethebackburnersforcooking."
Ineedtoturnpothandlesinwardandtothemiddleofthestove?
"
49.Anursehasbeenaskedtoperformasafetysurveyatachildren'
sdaycarecenter.Allofthe
childrencaredforatthecenterare1to3yearsofage.Whichofthefollowingdoespresentthegreatesthazardtotoddlersatthecenter7
A.Toyswithsmall,loosepartsintheplayroom.
B.Aswimmingpootintheneighbor'
sgatedyard.
C.Ahotwaterheatersetabove120~F.
D.Toxicplantsinthefrontyardofthecenter.
50.Anurseisassignedtocareforahospitalizedtoddler.Thenurseplanscareknowingthatthe
highestpriorityshouldbedirectedtoward:
A.protectingthetoddlerfrominjury.
B.adaptingthetoddlertothehospitalroutine.
C.allowingthetoddlertoparticipateinplayanddivisionalactivities.
D.providingaconsistentcaregiver.
51.Anurseiscaringforaneonateinthenursery.ThemostappropriatesitetoadministerhepatitisBvaccineis:
A.intramuscularlyinthevastus[ateralismuscle.
B.intramuscularlyinthedorsalglutealmuscle.
C.subcutaneouslyintheabdomen.
D.subcutaneouslyintheupperarm.
52.Anurseisplanningcareforachildwithaninfectiousandcommnunicabledisease.Thenursedeterminesthattheprimarygoalisthat:
A.thechildwillexperienceonlyminorcomplications.
B.thechildwillnotspreadtheinfectiontoothers.
C.thepublichealthdepartmentwillbenotified.
D.thechildwillexperiencemilddiscomfort.
53.A6-month-oldchildhasahistoryofseverelocalreactionstopreviousdiphtheria-tetanus-per-tussis（DTP）immunizations.InplanningforfutureDrIpimmunizationadministration,whatechniquecouldthenurseusethatwouldbemosteffectiveinreducinglocalirritation?
A.Warmthevaccinetoincreasespeedofabsorption.
B.Useatleasta1-inchneedletodepositvaccinedeepintomuscletissue.
C.Dividethedoseandgiveontwoseparatevisits.
D.Applyatopicalanesthetictotheinjectionsitefor24hours.
54.Anurseisemployedinthehealthofficeofalocalhighschoolwheretheannualtuberculosisscreening（PPDtesting）hasjustheencompleted.FourteenfreshmanstudentshavepositivePPDresultsof10ramorgreater.Thenursehasscheduledameetingwiththestudentsandtheirparentstodiscussfollow-upinterventions.Which
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