小升初语法总结和配套练习文档格式.docx
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bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:
family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:
knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese个体名词------表示某类人或东西中的个体,如student\desk集合名词-------表示若干个体组成的集合,如class\family物质名词-------表示无法分为个体的物质名词,如water\sand抽象名词-------表示情感、状态、品质等抽象名称,如love不可数名词:
chichen\fish\可数名词单数-------表示一个人或事物复数-------表示一个人或事物Practice一、Pleasewritethepluralofthefollowingwords:
Cityzoocountrytoothmouseboycartreehorsebus_______ox()branch()baby()family()dish()radio()photo()piano()knife()leaf()life()thief()man()woman()child()foot()this()watch()diary()day()book()dress()sheep()tea()box()strawberry()peach()sandwich()paper()juice()water()milk()rice()CD()deer()fish()二、Choosetherightanswer:
()1.The__inouryardareverybeautiful.A.clothB.waterC.flowers()2.TomisoneoftheChinese_____inourschool.A.boyB.boysC.boies()3.Acathasfour____,doesn’tit?
A.footsB.feetC.feets()4.Therearethree____andfive_____intheroom.A.American,JapaneseBAmericans,JapaneseC.American,Japanese()5.Canyouseenine____inthepicture?
A.fishB.bookC.horse()6.The_____hastwo______.A.boy;
watchB.boy;
watchesC.boys;
watch()7.The_____areflyingbacktotheircountry.A.GermanyB.GermanysC.Germans()8.Thegirlbrushesher_____everydaybeforeshegoestobed.A.toothsB.teethC.teeths()9.Isawmany_____inthestreet.A.peoplesB.peopleC.peoples()10.Thegreensweaterishis_________.A.brotherB.brothersC.brothers三、填入所给名词的正确形式。
1.Ihavetwo____________(knife)2.Therearemany___________here.(box)3.Therearemany___________ontheroad.(bus)4.Afew___________aredrawingonthewall.(boy)5.The______________areplayingfootballnow.(child)6.Pleasetaketwo_______________forme.(photo)7.Ilikethered________________.(tomato)8.Wouldyoupleasecleanyour_____________now?
(tooth)9.Doyouwantsome_________?
(milk)10.Thereareten___________________inourschool.(womanteacher)二、人称代词(主要用法)概述:
用来代替名词或名词短语分类人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词关系代词类别数人称代物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性单数IyouhesheitonemeyouhimheritonemyyourhisheritsonesMineYoursHisHerMyselfYourselfHimselfHerselfItselfOneself复数weyoutheyusyouthemouryourtheirOursYoursTheirsOurselvesYourselvesThemselves人称代词:
有主格和宾格之分。
一般动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。
物主代词:
有两类:
形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词(短的);
如无,就用名词性物主代词(长的)。
如:
人称代词主格作主语,表示谁怎么样,干什么了。
Iamateacher,youarestudent.Heisastudenttoo.We\you\theyarestudents人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。
Giveittome.Letsgo(lets=letus)形容词性物主代词Herbookmyteacherhisbike名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。
Isthisyourbook?
No,itisnt,itshers(herbook)Practice一、填空1.Let_____(I)help____(you)2.Let_____(we)go.3.(I)_____arestudents4.Ican’tfind_____(they).5.Give____(he)thebook.二、选择1.________areinthesameclass.A.HerandmeB.SheandlC.MeandherD.Iandshe2.pleasecallat256-5859.A.meB.myC.ID.mine3.Doyoulikethesecomputers?
No,IdontlikeA.itB.themC.they4.ourteacherthinkarerightA.weB.usC.itD.she三、用括号中的适当形式填空
(1)Arethese(you)pencils?
Yes,theyare(our)
(2)whoseisthispencial?
Its(I)(3)Ilove(they)verymuch.(4)sheis(I)classmate.四、用代词的适当形式填空1、MissGaoteachesEnglishatschool(we)2、Ineedanewschoolbag,somotherbyonefor.(I)3、Thisisnotmydictionary,thisis(she)4、Thisbookisnot(he)5、Lookatmouth.(I)6、Theyareparents.(he)7、Heisfather.(Bob)8、Thisisntpen.isoverthere.(she)五、英语代词语法练习1、Isthisdictionary?
A、youB、yoursC、yourD、hers2、Itsabird,nameishappy.A、ItsB、ItC、ItsD、His3、Isthatpencilcase?
A、himB、heC、hisD、hes4、Pleasegivethekeyto.A、hisB、heC、himD、mine六、根据提示填空。
1、Whereare(我的)shoes?
2、Arethose(你的)shoes?
3、(他)looksat(她).4、Canyoucomeandplaywith(我)?
5、Doyoulike(她)?
三、冠词概述:
有若干个词可以用在名词或形容词+名词的前面,我们把这类词统称为限定词,因为它们影响或限定着这个名词的意义。
冠词就是其中一种。
冠词不定冠词的用法:
1、表示一、任何一个、不管哪一个的意思。
Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.2、在某些度量表示法中:
WehaveEnglishlessonsthreetimesaweek.不定冠词a、an只能用于单数可数名词前定冠词the单数可数名词复数可数名词不可数名词定冠词the零冠词名词前可不用冠词3、用在单数的表语名词前,以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。
Georgewantstobeanengineer.4、在以what引导的感叹句中,单数的可数名词前:
Whataprettygirl!
5、一些常用短语中:
Haveagoodtime\halfanhour\haveaheadache..定冠词的用法:
:
(了解)1、特指也称回指:
Wemovedtoanewflatlastmonth,andtheflatissobeautiful.2、表示人或事物的类别:
Idontlikeautumnandwinter.Thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3、The+集合名词一般可以表示特指的群体:
Thepublic\thepolice\themajority3、用于泛指一天中的各段时间和季节:
Inthemorning\intheafternoon\intheevening4、用于地名以外的其它独一无二的事物:
TheUnitedNation5、定冠词常与形容词最高级、乐器词连用:
ItstheworstplayIveeverseen(注意:
在副词最高级前可以不用定冠词)零冠词的用法:
1、泛指的抽象名词前:
Lifeisveryhardforsomepeople.2、泛指的物质名词前:
Waterisveryuseful.3、泛指的复数名词前:
Booksaremybestfriends.4、泛指的餐名前:
Cometohavedinner\breakfastwithme.5、大多数的专有名词前:
HecomesfromFrance.6、语言的名词前:
ShecanspeakFrench.7、在季节和节日的名词前:
Winteristhebesttimeforskating.8、当名词前已有一些代词修饰时:
Mybrotherisapolice.9、在体育项目的名词前:
Playbasketball.10、一些常用短语:
athome\gotoschool\atnightPractice一、填空1.Thisisnotebookonmydesk,Iusenotebooktokeepadiary.2.Thereisbottleonthetable,waterinitissweet.3.WangsmotherisEnglishteacher,sheteachesinprimaryschool.4.Chinaisancientcountrywithlonghistory.5.Chinahaspopulationof12hundredmillion.TheChinesepeoplearegreatpeople.6.Hermotherisuniversityteacher.Sheishonestwoman.7.Noneofbooksshouldbetakenoutofroomwithoutpermissionofthelibrarian.8.partyalwaysteachesustoworkforpeopleheartandsoul.9.ShestudiesatNo.3middleschool,shegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.10.myeldersisterisstudentofEnglish,shestudiesatcollege.二、用a,an或the填空(不需要的用/表示):
1.ThisisAnn.Shehasapple.Itsredapple.2.Canyouseeteacherintheclassroom?
Whichone?
3.Whereisteachersdesk?
Itsnearwindow.4.Wecanfindfinthewordfamily.5.Whatstime?
Itsfouroclock.6.WhosmaninPictureOne?
7.Wherescat?
Itsundertable.8.Dontlookatme.Lookatteacher.9.studentsofClassOneareplayingfootball.10.Itsseventwentyinmorning.Itstimetogotoschool.11.LiLeiisathome.Hewantstogotoclassroom.12.Whatcolourisbird?
Itswhite.Itswhitebird.四、动词概述:
动词主要表示动作,其次表示状态或性质,有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。
小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有:
实意动词、Be动词、情态动词can\must等amisareBe动词waswereBeen现在分词:
情况变化规则例词一般情况+ingDoing\asking\helping以不发音的e结尾的动词去e+ingHavingtaking\writing\living以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音字母再加ingRunning\SwimmingPutting\sittingPractice一、用am,is,are填空(不需要的用/表示)1.Mygrandma__________adoctor.2.XiaoMing___________twelveyearsold.He____________tallandthin.3.LucyandLily__________twins.4.There__________aneraserinthepencil-case.5.There__________bananasonthetable.6.There__________abookandthreepencilsonthedesk.7.There__________abananaandsomepearsinthefridge.8.__________youapoliceman?
No,I________not.9.__________sheastudent?
Yes,she_________.10.Who__________they?
11.They__________myclassmates,WanglinandZhangJun.12.It_________8oclock.13.Whatday_________ittoday?
14.It________Tuesday.15.PE________myfavouriteclass.16.This_________ayellowdress.17.These__________myoldclothes.18.ILiLei.SheLucy.SheandIgoodfriends.19.Whattheseoverthere?
Oh,theymysweaters.20.yourbookred?
Yes,it.21.yourbookandpenred?
No,theynot.22.yourbooksred?
Yes.23.Myclothesblue.Hisyellow.24.LucyandLilytwins.TheyAmerican.Theylookthesame.25.MissGaoourEnglishteacher.Shehasason.26.HisnameSunHuimin.Heinourclass.27.ThestudentsofClassThreeonthehillnow.原形第三人称单数现在时过去时现在分词havegivegetreadsweepplaycarry二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarry三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空1.Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy(be)inclassone.3.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.四、介词概述:
经常用在名词或名词短语、代词或动名词之前,用来表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。
一、时间介词:
1.on
(1)在------上面Thebookisonthedesk.
(2)在------(哪一天/星期)WhatdoyoudoonWednesday?
(3)在------(月、日)MybirthdayisonAugust2nd.2.in
(1)在------里面Thepensareinthepencil-box.
(2)在------(哪一年/月)HisbirthdayisinOctober.Heworkedherein1992.(3)在------(地方)HeworksinDongguan.(4)在------之内Whatareyougoingtodoin20years?
(5)在------(早上、下午、晚上)Idomorningexercisesinthemorningeveryday.Iusuallyplaybasketballintheafternoon.Ioftendomyhomeworkintheevening.3.at
(1)在------(点钟)Iusuallygotoschoolat8:
00am.
(2)在中午atnoon二、方位介词:
1.under在------底下Thereisaballunderthebed.2.near在------附近Thereisabookshopnearourschool.3.infrontof在------前面Aboyisstandinginfrontofthehouse.4.beside在------旁边Afootballisbesidethedoor.5.nextto紧挨着ThereisabusstationnexttoNo.13MiddleSchool.6.over在------正上方Abridgeisovertheriver.7.ontheleft在------左边Thebookstoreisontheleft.8.onth