《英语语言学概论》精选试题学生版.docx

《英语语言学概论》精选试题学生版.docx

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《英语语言学概论》精选试题学生版

《英语语言学概论》精选试题1

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutlanguageisNOTtrue

A.Languageisasystem

B.Languageissymbolic

C.Animalsalsohavelanguage

D.Languageisarbitrary

2.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesisNOToneofthedesignfeaturesoflanguage

A.SymbolicB.DualityC.ProductiveD.Arbitrary

3.Whatisthemostimportantfunctionoflanguage

A.InterpersonalB.Phatic

C.InformativeD.Metalingual

4.WhoputforwardthedistinctionbetweenLangueandParole

A.SaussureB.Chomsky

C.HallidayD.Anonymous

5.AccordingtoChomsky,whichistheidealuser'sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage

A.competenceB.parole

C.performanceD.langue

6.Thefunctionofthesentence"Aniceday,isn'tit"is.

A.informativeB.phatic

C.directiveD.performative

7.Articulatoryphoneticsmainlystudies.

A.thephysicalpropertiesofthesoundsproducedinspeech

B.theperceptionofsounds

C.thecombinationofsounds

D.theproductionofsounds

8.Thedistinctionbetweenvowelsandconsonantsliesin.

A.theplaceofarticulation

B.theobstructionofairstream

C.thepositionofthetongue

D.theshapeofthelips

9.Whichisthebranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthecharacteristicsofspeechsoundsandprovidesmethodsfortheirdescription,classificationandtranscription

A.PhoneticsB.Phonology

C.SemanticsD.Pragmatics

10.Whichstudiesthesoundsystemsinacertainlanguage

A.PhoneticsB.Phonology

C.SemanticsD.Pragmatics

11.Minimalpairsareusedto.

A.findthedistinctivefeaturesofalanguage

B.findthephonemesofalanguage

C.comparetwowords

D.findtheallophonesoflanguage

12.Usually,suprasegmentalfeaturesinclude___,lengthandpitch.

A.phonemeB.speechsounds

C.syllablesD.stress

13.Whichisanindispensablepartofasyllable

A.CodaB.OnsetC.StemD.Peak

三、判断

analystcollectssamplesofthelanguageasitisused,notaccordingtosomeviewsofhowitshouldbeused.Thisiscalledtheprescriptiveapproach.F

transcriptionisnormallyusedbythephoneticiansintheirstudyofspeechsounds.F

台州学院考试题

1.ArticulatoryPhoneticsstudiesthephysicalpropertiesofspeechsounds.

2.Englishisatypicalintonationlanguage.

3.Phonesincomplementarydistributionshouldbeassignedtothesamephoneme.

4.Linguisticc__________isanativespeaker’slinguisticknowledgeofhislanguage.

1.Therelationshipbetweenthesoundandthemeaningofawordisa________.

2.P____referstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.

3.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthes____studyoflanguage.

1.Whichofthefollowingbranchoflinguisticstakestheinnerstructureofwordasitsmainobjectofstudy

A.Phonetics.B.Semantics.

C.Morphology.D.Sociolinguistics.

3.Whichofthefollowingisavoicelessbilabialstop

A.[w].B.[m].

C.[b].D.[p].

6.Whatphoneticfeaturedistinguishesthe[p]inpleaseandthe[p]inspeak

B.AspirationC.RoundnessD.Nasality

11.Conventionallya________isputinslashes.

A.allophoneB.phoneC.phonemeD.morpheme

13.Languageistoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“highwayclosed”serves___.

A.anexpressivefunctionB.aninformativefunction

C.aperformativefunctionD.apersuasivefunction

14.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsisaminimalpair

A.but/pubB.wet/whichC.cool/curlD.fail/find

16.Whatarethedualstructuresoflanguage

A.Soundsandletters.B.Soundsandmeaning.

C.Lettersandmeaning.D.Soundsandsymbols.

19.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthecorebranchesoflinguistics

A.Phonology.

B.Psycho-linguistics.

C.Sociolinguistics.

D.Anthropology.

IV.Translatethefollowinglinguisticterms:

（10points,1pointeach）

A.FromEnglishtoChineseB.FromChinesetoEnglish

1.acousticphonetics

6.應用語言學

2.closedclasswords

4.distinctivefeatures

VI.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.（20points）

1.Definephoneme.（4points）

2.Explaincomplementarydistributionwithanexample.（5points）

3.WhatarethefourcriteriaforclassifyingEnglishvowels.（4points）

问答答案1.Acontrastivephonologicalsegmentwhosephoneticrealizationsarepredictablebyrules.（4points）（or:

Aphonemeisaphonologicalunit;itisaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue.）

2.Thesituationinwhichphonesneveroccurinthesamephoneticenvironment.（4points）.[p]and[ph]neveroccurinthesameposition.（1point）

3.thepositionofthetongueinthemouth（1point）,theopennessofthemouth（1point）,theshapeofthelips（1point）,andthelengthofthevowels.（1point）

 Chapter1 IntroductionstoLinguistics

I.      Choosethebestanswer.（20%）

1.  Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman  __________

A.contact   B.communication    

C.relation      D.Community

2.  Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary？

 A.tree    B.typewriter      

C.crash        D.Bang

3.  Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is  

__________.

 A.interrogative    B.directive    

C.informative    D.Performative

4.    InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎（岁岁）平安”asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform？

 A.Interpersonal  B.Emotive    

C.Performative    D.Recreational

5.  Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation？

 A.Transferability  B.Duality    

C.Displacement      D.Arbitrariness

6.  Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage？

      —Aniceday,isn’tit？

      —Right!

Ireallyenjoythesunlight.

 A.Emotive      B.Phatic    

C.Performative    D.Interpersonal

7.  __________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’s  knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.

A.Performance B.Competence    

C.Langue      D.Parole

8.      Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.Itcouldn’tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________.

A.culturaltransmission  

B.productivity  

C.displacement    D.Duality

9.  __________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.

linguistics

C.Sociolinguistics    

D.Appliedlinguistics

10.  __________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.

A.Linguistictheory   

B.Practicallinguistics

C.Appliedlinguistics            

D.Comparativelinguistics

II.      Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（10%）

11.      Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.F

13.      Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.

14.      Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.F

15.      Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.F

16.      Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.F

17.      F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.F

18.      AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleofthediachronic历时studyoflanguage.F

19.      Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhuman

20.      Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.F

III.      Fillintheblanks.（10%）

21.  Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansof__verbal________communication.

22.      Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed___creativity_______.

23.      Languagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis__________.

24.      Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthe___yo-he-ho_______theory.

25.      Linguisticsisthe__systematic________studyoflanguage.

26.      Modernlinguisticsis__________inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.

27.      Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof__________overwriting.

28.      Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa__________study.

29.      Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts.__________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.

30.      LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s__________.

IV.      Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.（20%）

31.      Designfeature

32.      Displacement

33.      Competence

34.      Synchroniclinguistics

V.      Answerthefollowingquestions.（20%）

35.      WhydopeopletakedualityasoneoftheimportantdesignfeaturesofhumanlanguageCanyoutelluswhatlanguagewillbeifithasnosuchdesignfeature（南开大学，2004）

35.      

Dualitymakesourlanguageproductive.Alargenumberofdifferentunitscanbeformedoutofasmallnumberofelements–forinstance,tensofthousandsofwordsoutofasmallsetofsounds,around48inthecaseoftheEnglishlanguage.Andouto