国际商务英语课后问答题.docx
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国际商务英语课后问答题
国际商务英语课后问答题答案〔多写多练〕
Unit1课后问答题
1、WhatdoesinternationalbusinessrefertoPleasetellthedifferencebetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness.P3
Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionsbetweenpartiesfromdiffirentcountries.
Therearefourmajordiffrencesbetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness:
〔1)differencesinlegalsystem
〔2)differencesincurrencies
〔3)differencesincuturalbackground
〔4)differencesinnaturalandeconomicconditions
2、Pleaseexplainthedifferencesbetweenvisibletradeandinvisibletrade.WhichisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantandaccountsforanincreasingproportionininternationaltradeP4
Commoditytrade,i.e,exportingandimportinggoodsproducedormanufacturedinonecountryforconsumptionorresaleinanother.Thiskindoftradeisalsoreferredtovisibletrade.Invisibletradeisintheformoftransportation,communication,banking,insurance,consulting,informationetc.
Invisibletradeisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantandaccountsforanincreasingproportionininternationaltrade.
3、CanyoucitesomeexamplestoillustrateculturaldifferencesininternationalbusinessP3
Culturaldifferencesincludinglanguage,customs,traditions,religion,value,behavioretc.
4、Pleaseelaborateonthetwocategoriesofinternationalinvestment.WhatistheirmajordifferenceP4
ForeigndirectinvestmentsorFDIforshortismadeforreturnsthroughcontrollingtheenterprisesorassetsinvestedininahostcountry.
Portfolioinvestmentreferstopurchasesofforeignfinancialassetsforapurposeotherthancontrolling.
5、WhatislicensingWhydofirmssometimeschooseitasmeansofenteringaforeignmarketP5
Inlicensing,afirmleasestherighttouseitsintellectualpropertytoafirminanothercountry.Firmschooselicensingbecausetheydonotwanttomakecashpaymentstostartbusiness,andcansimplyreceiveincomeintheformofroyalty.Besides,theycanbenefitfromlocationaladvantegesofforeignoperationwithoutanyobligationsinownershipormanagement.
6、WhatisfranchisingHowisitdifferentfromlicensingP5
Underfranchising,afim,calledthefranchisee,isallowedtooperateinthenameofanother,calledthefranchiserwhoprovidestheformerwithtrademarks,brandname,logos,andoperatingtechniquesforroyalty.
Incomparisionwiththerelationbetweenthelicenserandthelicensee,thefranchiserhasmorecontroloverandprovidesmoresupportforthefranchisee.
7、WhatisamanagementcontractUnderwhatconditionsisitmostapplicableP5
Underamanagementcontract,onecompanyoffersmanagerialorotherspecializedservicestoanotherwithinaparticularperiodforaflatpaymentorapercentageoftherelevantbusinessvolume.
Whenagovernmentforbidsforeignownershipincertainindustriesitconsiderstobeofstrategicimportancebutlackstheexpertiseforoperation,managementcontractsmaybeapracticalchoiceenablingaforeigncompanytooperateintheindustrywithoutowningtheassets..
8、WhatisaninternationalturnkeyprojectInwhatwayisitsvariantBOTdifferentfromitP6
Foraninterantionalturnkeyproject,afirmsignsacontractwithaforeignpurchaserandundertakesallthedesigning,contractingandfacilityequipingbeforehandingitovertothelatteruponcompletion.ForaBOTproject,afirmoperateafacilityforaperiodoftimeafterbuildingitupbeforefinallytransferringittoaforeigncompany.
MakingprofitfromoperatingtheprojectforaperiodisthemajordifferencebetweenBOTandthecommonturnkeyproject.
Unit2课后问答题答案
1.ExplaintheconceptsofGNPandGDPrespectivelyandpointouttheirmajordifference.CanweusetheminterchaeablyP18
GNPreferstothemarketvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbythepropertyandlaborownedbytheresidentsofaneconomy.
GDPmeasuresthemarketvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy.
ThedifferencebetweenGNPandGDPisthattheformerfocusesonownershipofthefactorsofproductionwhilethelatterconcentratesontheplacewhereproductiontakesplace.
ThedifferencebetweenGNPandGDPcanbeignoredsinceitisverysmallinmostcases,sowecanusetheminterchangeably.
2、Whataremeantbyhighincome,middleincome,andlowincomecountriesaccordingtotheWorldBankCitesomeexaplesforeachgroup.P20
Thoseenjoyingannualpercapitaincomeof$9386andaboveareclassifiedashigh-incomecountries.
Thisgroupcomprisesthreetypesofcountries.
〔1〕MostmembersoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)
(2)Richoilproducingcontriesofthemiddleeast(Kuwait,SaudiArabia,UnitedArabEmirates).
(3)Small-industrializedcountriesorregionssuchasIsrael,Singapore,HongKongandTaiwan.
Countrieswithannualpercapitaincomebelow$9386butabove$765areregardedasmiddle-incomecountries.
(1)MostEastEuropeancountriesandmostmembersoftheCommonwealthofIndependentStates,sixOECDmembers.(Czech,Greece,Hungary,Mexico,Turkey)
(2)QuiteanumberofLatinAmericancountriesandsomecomparativelydevelopedcountriesinAsia.(Indonesia,Malaysia,thephilippines,Thailand)
(3)AmongtheAfricancountries,SouthAfricaandoil-producingLibya,NigeriaandAlgeria.Lowerincomecountriesarethosethathavepercapitaincomesofonly$765orevenless.
MostAfricancontries,someAsiancountriesandafewLatinAmericancountries.
1.WhyarehighincomecountriesimportanttotradeandinvestmentShouldweneglectlowincomecountriesininternationalbusinessP20-21
High-incomecountriesoftenhavegoodinfrastructure,highpurchasingpower,advancedtechnology,efficientmanagement,andfavorableenvironmentfortradeandinvestment.Theyofferprimemarketsforexpensiveconsumergoodsandarebothattractivesourcesanddestinationsofinvestment.
Weshouldnotneglectlowincomecountriesininternationalbusiness,becausetheyconstitutemarketsforlower-pricedstaplegoods,providecheaplaborandareoftenrichinresources.Whatismoreimportant,marketissomethingtobedeveloped.Oncetapped,thebusinesspotentialofthesecountrieswillonedaybecomerealbusinessopportunities.
4、InwhatdifferentwaysareGDPandpercapitaincomesignificantinassessingthepotentialofaparticularmarketP19
TotalGDPindicatestheoverallsizeofaneconomywhichisimportantinmarketassessmentfordurableequipmentorbulkgoodssuchasgrain,steel,orcement.
PercapitaGDPrevealstheaverageincomelevelofconsumers,whichisimportantwhenmarketingconsumerdurables.
5、Waschinaalow-incomecountryafewyearsagoHowaboutnowP21
Chinawithapercapitaincomeofover$1100isamiddle-incomecountrythoughitwasalowincomecountryjustafewyearsago.
6、Whatdoestheterm“Traid〞refertoWhatismeanttyQuadP23
ThetermTriadreferstothethreerichestregionsoftheworldtheUnitedStates,theEuropeanUnionandJapanthatofferthemostimportantbusinessopportunities.SomepeopleextendthescopeofTriadtoincludeCanadaandnamethebroadenedgroupingQuad.
7、HowmuchdoyouknowaboutOECDPleasemakeabriefaccount.
OECDmeansOrganizationofEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentwasestablishedin1961bythemajorcapitalismcountrieswiththeheadquarterinParis.Ithas29membercountries,amongwhich,23ofthemarehigh-incomecountriesandtheothersaremiddle-incomecountries.
8、WhatisthebestpolicyforChinatodevelopbusinessopportunitesP23
Thebestpolicyistodevelopbusinessopportunitieswhereveradvantageouswhilekeepinginmindthekeymarkets.
Unit3课后问答题答案
1.WhatisafreetradeareaMakeabriefaccountofthemostnotablefreetradeareaintheworld.P35
Membersofafreetradearearemovesbarriestotheflowofgoodsandservicessmongthemselveswhileeachmemberstilladoptsitsownpolicyasregardstotradewithoutsiders.ThemostnotablefreetradeareaistheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA),thelargestfreemarketformedbytheUnitedStates.
2.InwhatwayisacustomsuniondifferentfromafreetradeareaP35
CustomsUnionthatgoesastepfurtherbyadoptingthesametradepolicyforallthememberstowardcountriesoutsidetheirorganizationinadditiontoabolishingtradebarriersamongthemselves.
1.WhatarethecharacteristicsofacomonmarketWhichorganizationremainedacommonmarketforsomeyearsinthepastP36
Besidesfreemovementofgoodsandservicesandadoptionofcommonexternaltradepolicy,factorsofproductionsuchaslabor,capitalandtechnologyarefreetomoveamongmemberssothattheycanbeutilizedinamoreefficientandproductiveway.Inthepast,theEuropeanCommunityremainedacommonmarketforsomeyears.
2.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutaneconomicunionCanmembersofaneconomicunionkeepalloftheirnationalsovereigntyP36
Economicunionischaracterizedbyintegrationofthedomesticpoliciesofitsmembersinrespectofeconomy,financeetc.inadditiontoabsenceoftradebarriers,practiceofcommonexternalpolicyandfreeproductionfactormobility.
Themembercountriesofaneconomicunionarerequiredtosurrendersomeoftheirnationalsovereignty.
1.MakeabriefaccountoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheEU.P37
Itshistorydatesbacktotheearlypost-waryears.Thefirstcommunity,theEuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity(ECSC)wasestablishedin1952whichsetthestageformoreambitiousintegrationefforts.ThesigningofthemonumentalTreatyofRomein1957markstheestablishmentoftheEuropeanEconomicCommunitywiththeaimofgraduallyrealizingthefreemovementofgoods,services,laborandcapitalaswellastheharmoniza