桥梁毕业设计总结.docx

桥梁毕业设计总结.docx

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桥梁毕业设计总结

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桥梁毕业设计总结

　　篇一：

桥梁毕业设计开题报告

　　开题报告

　　1、本课题的来源

　　本课题仅是一个桥梁设计，无课题来源背景。

　　2、本课题的目的

　　本次毕业设计要求我们对大跨度桥梁的设计有一定的认识和了解，通过拟定方案来了解各种桥型的结构特点、受力特性、目前的发展水平、经济性、还有各种桥型所适用的地形地貌条件和地址条件。

掌握桥梁的布孔原则，并且通过多个方面来进行方案的比选，最终确定最优方案。

同时培养我们对桥梁结构的分析和计算能力，理解并掌握桥梁结构计算理论，学会利用专业和通用软件进行桥梁上、下部结构的设计计算，熟练掌握预应力混凝土结构设计的原理和步骤，并熟练使用AutocAD绘制施工图。

本设计的另外一个目的是通过设计一个实际项目工程，切实掌握桥梁设计的内容和过程，为今后的读研或工作打下基础。

另外，本次设计还可以巩固所学专业知识，查漏补缺，进一步梳理和完善知识体系。

将所学的理论知识运用到实践中，做到理论与实践相结合。

通过毕业设计，还能培养我们独立分析问题和解决问题的能力。

　　3、本课题的意义

　　本设计蛮峪大桥，主桥为（50+80+80+50）m预应力混凝土变截面连续梁桥。

本桥具有外形优美、受力特性良好、施工方法简便等优点。

通过整个设计过程，可以对桥梁的特点、孔跨布置、上、下部结构的构造有较为清晰的认识和了解，培养自己的电脑绘图能力，让自己具备初步的桥梁设计能力。

　　在本次毕业设计前期，阅读了大量的参考文献，熟悉各种不同的桥梁的结构形式、构造特点和施工方法，然后根据地质地貌和相关资料，选择了连续梁桥、简支梁桥、斜拉桥方案作比选。

在比选过程中了解了桥梁方案的比选原则、标准和各种桥型的经济性指标和适用范围。

　　通过本毕业设计，能深刻认识各种桥梁形式的构造特点，施工方法等。

在施工图设计过程中全面掌握连续梁桥的孔跨布置、上、下部结构形式的选择和结构设计计算方法，深化所学结构理论和桥梁知识，将理论和实际合理联系起来，为今后的学习和工作打下基础，对我个人来说也具有十分重要的意义。

　　4、国内外基本研究概况

　　连续梁是一种古老的结构体系，它具有变形小，结构刚度好、行车平顺舒适，伸缩缝少，养护简易，抗震能力强等优点。

而在50年代前，预应力混凝土连续梁虽是常被采用的一种体系，但跨径均在百米以下。

当时主要采用满堂支架施工，费工费时，限制

　　了它的发展。

50年代后，预应力混凝土桥梁应用悬臂施工方法后，加速了它的发展步伐。

结构的悬臂体系和悬楷施工方法相结合产生了T型刚构，在60年代，跨径100-200m范围内，几乎是大跨预应力混凝土梁桥中的优越方案。

早期有典型意义的桥梁便是联邦德国1953年违造的胡尔姆斯桥和1954年建成的科布伦茨（Koblenz）桥。

然而，这种结构，由于中间带铰，并对混疑土徐变，收缩变形估计不足，又因温度影响等因素使结构在铰处形成明显折线变外形态，对行车不利。

因此，对行车条件有利的连续梁获得了新的发展。

对中跨预应力锚具混凝土连续梁，在60年代初期，逐跨架想法与顶推法（F.Leonhardt所创建）的应用，对大跨预应力混凝土连续梁，各种更完善的悬竹施工方法的应用，使连续梁废弃了昂贵的满堂的施工方法而代之以经济有效的高度机械化施工方法，从而使连续梁方案获得新的竞争力，逐步在40-200m范围内占主要地位，如1962年在委内瑞拉的卡尼罗河上，用张拉设备顶推法修建的6跨连续箱梁桥是顶推法的代表作，主跨为96m。

　　无论是城市桥梁、高架道路、山谷高架找桥，还是跨越宽广河流的大桥，预应力锚具棍凝土连续梁都发挥了它的上风，往往取代其它体系而成为中选的优越方案。

　　主跨大于100m的国外预应力混凝土连续梁的建造情况。

其中突出桥例，如联邦德国科娇塔尔（Kochertal）桥，桥墩高183m的高架多跨连续梁桥，跨径布置为81十7x138+81m，桥面宽31m，仅用8.6-宽单箱截面，箱外挑出长悬臂，每隔7.66-有一斜撑支承悬臂桥面板。

另一个桥例为英国的奥韦尔（orwell）桥，总长

　　1286m，主跨190m的18跨连续梁（46+5x59+72+106+190+106+72+6x59+46m）。

它说明了连续梁的连续长跨已超过1000m，它对行车非常有利。

在70年代至80年代间，对二百余座主跨大于100m的预应力混凝土梁式桥作过统计，连续梁占总数的50%。

　　5、本课题预计达到的目标

　　通过这次毕业设计，应学会拟定和比较桥型方案，并能对选定的方案进行施工图设计，必须达到和具备以下几方面的能力：

（1）调查研究、收集资料及阅读一定的中外文文献的能力；

（2）方案、综合技术及经济分析比较能力；

　　（3）结构理论分析与设计计算能力；

　　（4）对数据分析处理的能力；

　　（5）工程制图及编写说明书的能力；

　　6、关键理论和技术

　　6.1桥梁设计的方案比选

　　对于一定的建桥条件，可能作出的基本满足要求的多种不同的设计方案，为了获得经济、安全、适用和美观的桥梁设计，只有通过景观、技术、经济等多方面的综合比较，才能科学地得出最优的设计。

方法及步骤如下：

　　a．桥梁孔跨布置和拟定主要结构尺寸，选择几个（通常2～4个）构思好，各具优点的图式，作为进一步详细研究而进行比较的方案；

　　b．编制方案，提供各图式的技术经济指标，便于科学地选定最佳方案。

这些指标包括：

主要材料用量、劳动力数量、全桥总造价、工期、养护费用、运营条件、施工技术可行性、是否需要特种机具、景观效果等；

　　c．技术经济比较和最优方案的选定。

一般选择造价低、材料省、美观适用、技术可行的为最优方案，但须考虑养护难度，环境协调及其他方面的因素。

　　6.2预应力连续梁桥设计及分析

　　连续箱梁桥结构具有变形小、刚度好、行车平顺舒适、伸缩缝小、抗震能力强等优点。

但近些年在一些较大的已建桥梁中也出现了较多的病害，主要表现为：

腹板斜裂缝较多、墩顶段横隔板开裂、悬臂版纵向裂缝、中跨跨中下挠过大、墩身局部裂缝等现象。

　　对于上述病害，在桥梁设计中药充分注意，采用合理的构造尺寸，并进行必要的受力分析，以最大限度的减少病害发生，确保桥梁的安全使用。

一般从以下几个方面采取措施：

（1）首先要保证主梁有足够的梁高，增加主梁刚度，主梁根部高跨比建议采用1/17到1/16；

　　篇二：

桥梁毕业设计

　　目录

　　一、中英文摘要及关键词·····························································································1二、桥梁初步设计说明·································································································1

　　1、工程概况···········································································································12、设计规范···········································································································13、技术标准···········································································································14、水文地质概况···································································································25、大桥设计方案···································································································2

　　5.1大桥方案总体构思··················································································25.2方案一：

******桥··················································································35.3方案二：

******桥················································································105.4方案三：

*****桥··················································································195.5桥型方案比选························································································286、推荐方案主要材料·························································································297、推荐方案施工方案·························································································30二、预应力混泥土简支梁桥（推荐方案）结构设计···············································31

　　2.1工程概况········································································································312.2设计规范········································································································312.3技术标准········································································································322.4主桥设计········································································································32

　　2.4.1总体布置·····························································································322.4.2上部结构设计·····················································································322.4.3下部结构设计·····················································································332.4.4主梁节段划分及施工步骤·································································332.5建立分析的有限元模型················································································332.6主要材料······························································································（:

桥梁毕业设计总结）··········342.7各种作用的取值····························································································34

　　2.8施工节段划分·······························································································352.9主要计算结果·······························································································41

　　2.9.1施工阶段的内力、应力图································································422.9.2成桥阶段的内力、应力分析结果····················································602.9.3承载能力极限状态验算····································································632.9.4正常使用极限状态验算····································································642.9.5持久状况构件应力计算····································································682.10结论·············································································································70设计总结······················································································································71致谢······················································································································72参考文献······················································································································73附录AcLcb2基本组合主梁内力值表···························································74附录b正截面抗弯验算结果············································································78附录c斜截面抗剪验算结果············································································87附录D使用阶段正截面抗裂验算····································································94附录e使用阶段斜截面抗裂验算····································································98附录F施工阶段正截面法向应力验算··························································102附录g使用阶段正截面压应力验算·····························································109附录h使用阶段斜截面主压应力验算·························································111附录I受拉区钢筋拉应力验算………….………………………………………………..112

　　一、中英文摘要及关键字

　　【摘要】桥梁一般是交通的咽喉，桥梁建设在国民生产生活中占据着非常重要的地位。

　　钢筋混凝土简支梁桥由于其结构内力受地基变形等因素的影响不大，故可以用于地质条件较差

　　的桥位，其受力明确、构造简单、施工方便等优点使其在我国广大地区，尤其是平原地区中的小跨径桥梁中得到广泛应用。

　　本文主要内容是完成茶洞至吉首段跨柳州河桥的设计工作。

首先依据地质、地形条件通过结构选型，拟定全桥方案，然后确定全桥各部结构尺寸，完成梁、墩、墩柱基础的设计，最后绘制全桥设计图。

通过本次设计使我们熟悉公路桥梁设计的基本步骤和方法，综合运用所学的课程，理论联系实际，拓宽、加深所学专业知识，提高自己的综合素质，同时为以后从事桥梁事业打下坚实的基础。

　　【关键字】钢筋混凝土梁桥内力计算及组合配筋计算变形计算

　　【Abstract】bridgeisusuallythethroatoftrafficandbridge-buildingoccupiedaveryimportantpositioninnationalproductionandlife.simplysupportedreinforcedconcretegirderbridgeduetoithaslittleinfluencesbyinternalforceanddeformationoffoundation,thereforecanbeusedingeologicalpoorconditionsofthebridgesitethemeritofitsmechanicalclear,simplestructureandeasyconstructionmakesitwidelyusedinlargeareasofchina,especiallyinthesmallspanbridgeinplainareas.

　　ThemaincontentofthisstudyiscompletethedesignofYangheRiverbridge.Firstly,developmentoffull-bridgeprogramthroughstructuralselectionwhichbasedongeology,topography,Thendeterminethesizeoffull-bridgestructureofministries,completebeam,pier,pierfoundationreinforcementandcalculationofthedesign,andfinallydrawfull-bridgedesigns.Throughthisdesignsothatweknowthebasicstepsofhighwaybridgedesignandmethods,integrateduseofthecourses,theorywithpractice,broadenanddeepentheprofessionalknowledgetoimproveouroverallquality,andlayasolidfoundationfortheworkofbridgeinthefuture.【Keywords】ReinforcedconcretebridgecalculationandcombinationofinternalforcescalculatofinstallsteelwareDeformationcalculation

　　二、桥梁初步设计说明

　　1、工程概况

　　设计桥梁名称为柳州阳和大桥，桥梁起止里程：

K5+140至K5+330，计算全长190m；起始

　　点路面标高：

283.15m，，终止点路面标高：

283.15m。

桥梁全宽24m，采用双幅桥型设计。

　　2、计算规范

　　1）《公路桥涵设计通用规范》（JTgD60—20XX）

　　2）《公路工程技术标准》（JTgb01—20XX）

　　3）《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》（JTgD62—20XX）

　　4）《公路圬工桥涵设计规范》（JTgD61-20XX）。

5）《公路勘测规范》（JTgc10-20XX）

　　6）《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》（JTgD63-20XX）7）《公路桥梁抗震设计细则》（JTg/Tb02-01-20XX）8）《公路桥涵施工技术规范》（JTgTF50-20XX）9）《公路斜拉桥设计细则》（JTg/TD65-01-20XX）

　　10）《公路桥涵设计手册—梁桥》徐光辉胡明义主编人民交通出版社11）《公路桥涵设计手册—拱桥（上册）》顾懋清石绍甫主编人民交通出版社12）《公路桥涵设计手册—拱桥（下册）》顾安邦孙国柱主编人民交通出版社13）《公路桥涵设计手册—墩台与基础》江祖铭王崇礼主编人民交通出版社14）《桥梁计算示例集混凝土简支梁（板）桥》易建国主编人民交通出版社15）《桥梁计算示例--拱桥》王国鼎主编人民交通出版社16）《桥梁工程》邵旭东主编人民交通出版社17）《桥梁工程》周先雁，王解军主编北京大学出版社

　　3技术标准

（1）道路等级：

双向四车道高速公路；

（2）计算行车速度：

80km/h；（3）设计荷载：

公路Ⅱ级；

　　（4）桥面宽度：

24m[中央分隔带2.0m+左侧路缘带2×0.5+行车道2×7.5+右侧路肩宽度（含右侧路缘带）2×2.5+右侧防撞护栏2×0.5]；

　　（5）地震动参数：

设计重现期100年，超越概率10%的地震动峰值加速度为0.05g；（6）桥梁最大纵坡:

4%桥面横坡2%（7）设计寿命：

100年4水文地质概况

　　1、设计洪水频率：

1/300；设计洪水位：

262.00；假设壅水、浪高、波浪壅高等因素总和为1.0m高；

　　2、通航等级：

Ⅶ

（2）；最高通航水位：

260.00m

　　3、由桥位工程地质剖面图可得出如下地质情况：

　　桥位附近河道基本顺直，河床稳定，整座桥跨位置处地质较好，主要为页岩，岩质较坚硬。

　　5.1大桥方案总体信息

　　5.2方案一预应力混泥土简支梁桥5.2.1主桥设计

　　1．方案简述

　　本设计方案采用主桥30+3×40+30，双幅5跨预应力混凝土简支梁桥，桥面采用五片预制T梁通过纵向湿接缝连接形成连续桥面。

　　2．桥梁分孔及标高的确定

　　桥梁孔径划分的大小，不仅影响到使用效果和施工难易等，而且在很大程度上影响到桥梁的总造价，在满足适用和技术要求的前提下，通常采用最经济的分孔方式。

目前国内简支梁桥施工技术已非常成熟，且国家有标准跨径的设计及施工模板。

故本方案