现代大学英语unit4课后练习答案.docx

现代大学英语unit4课后练习答案.docx

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现代大学英语unit4课后练习答案

KeytoExercises

Preview

第一大题

1.ThisarticlewaswritteninpraiseoftheheroesandtheheroismdemonstratedduringanaircrashwhichtookplaceinWashingtonD.C.intheyear1982.

2.TheterriblecrashoccurredincoldwinterwhenajetplanefromWashingtonNationalAirporthitthebridgeoverthePotomacriver.Theplanedroppedintotheriverandsoonsank/wentunder,bringmanypassengersdownwithit.Thosewhomanagedtogetoutoftheplanefoundthemselvesinicy-coldwater.

3.Disastersarealwaysterriblebecausetheymeangreatdamageandlossoflife.Asdisastersgo,thisaircrashwasnothingveryspecial.Butbecauseofthefourheroes,itbroughtmillionstotearsorattention.Threeofthemformedapolicehelicopterteam,andtheyriskedtheirlivesagainandagainastheytriedtopickupsurvivors.Butthegreatestherowasamanknownas“themaninthewater”becausehisnamewasneverfound.Hewasseenclingingtothetailoftheplanewithfiveotherpassengers.Buteverytimealifelineorflotationringwasdroppedtohim,hepasseditontoanotherofthepassengers.Thosepassengerssurvived.Butthemandidnot.

4.Theemotionalimpactofthisdisplayofcourageandnoblecharacterwastremendous,becauseitshowedhumannatureatitsbest.Thismaninthewatermusthavebeenanordinaryperson.Beforetheaircrash,hewouldneverhaveguessedwhataheroicdeedhewasgoingtoperformthatday,butwhenthegreattestcame,herosetotheoccasion.

5.Theauthorbelievesthatthisdisasterfilledpeoplewithasenseofprideratherthansadness,becauseinthecontestbetweenindifferentnaturalforcesandthemoralpowerofhumanbeings,humanbeingshavewon.Themanwentdownintheriver,butheactuallyrosetoimmortality.

第二大题

1.Theunusualelementisthebridge,becausenormally,aircrashesdonotinvolveabridge.

Note:

Theword“element”meansafactororabasicpartofsomethingcomplicated.

2.“Acityofformandrules”meansacitythatisshapelyorbeautifulandorderly,butitsuddenlyturnedintoitsoppositeandbecamechaotic,turningintoastateofcompletedisorderandconfusion.

Thetwometalsherereferstothebridgeandtheplane,bothofwhicharemadeofmetal,ormorespecifically,ironandsteel钢铁.

3.Fromthepointofviewofartisticbeauty,therewasalsoaclashorconflict,becausetheplanewaspaintedintoblueandgreen,theriverandblack,andthechunksoficeweregrey.Mixtureofdifferenttypesofcolorwouldmaketheviewersuncomfortable,sotheywouldregardthissceneas“aestheticclash”.

4.Perhapspeopledidnotregardthisairclashasafailureatall.Theyallsawthetriumphofhumannatureovertheelements.

5.Herehumannatureandnaturalpowersareinconflict/clash.

“Gropingandstruggling”referstothefactthatnormallyitishumaninstinct本能；天性togropeforsomethingtohangonto（=toholdon;tosurvive）andtostruggleforlife.

6.Risetotheoccasion:

todealsuccessfullywithaproblemorsituationthatisespeciallydifficult.

7.Thesentencemeans“Threeoutofthefouracknowledgedheroes...areabletoaccountfortheirbehavior”.

Accountfor:

togiveasatisfactoryexplanation.

8.Inthelineofduty:

whileworking;whileonduty

9.Skutnicaddedthatsomebodyhadtogointhewatersayingwhateveryherowouldsayunderthecircumstances,butalthoughtheremarkhasbeenrepeatedbymanyheroes,itisstilladmirable.

10.Itmeansthemainreasonfortheemotionalimpact,orthepersonwhocausedthegreatemotionalimpact.

11.Masscasualty:

agreatnumberofpeopleinjuredandkilledinanaccidentorbattle.Theword“mass”hereisanadjective,meaningaffectingalotofpeople.Cf:

massmurder;masskilling;massdestruction;masshysteria;massprotest;massmovement;massunemployment;themassmedia;themassmarket;mass-producev;mass-producedadj.;massproduction.Derivation:

massacre;massive

Commitment:

asenseofdutyandresponsibilityandadeterminationtoworkhardatit.

12.Ashisnameremainedunknown,itmadehimasortofsymbol,asymbolofwhathumanbeingscandowhentheyareattheirbest.

13.“listeningto...”isaparticiplephraseusedasanadverbialofmanner,modifyingthepredicateofthemainclause“sitting”;“tell...”and“saying...”arebothpartofthecomplexobjectof“listeningto”;and“tofasten...”ispartofthecomplexobjectof“tell”.

14.Intheessential,classiccircumstance:

inthemostsignificant/crucial/decisiveandtypicalcircumstance

15.Theage-oldbattlebetweenhumanbeingsandnature

16.Goateachother:

tofighteachotherviolently

Actonprinciples:

toactaccordingtothedistinctionbetweengoodandevil;toactaccordingtomoralprinciples

17.Itmeansthatwhenthemaninthewatergavealifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,inthesamewayheseemedtobealsosavingthelivesofthosewhowatchedhim,makingthemunderstandlife’struemeaning.

18.Holdittoastandoff:

makenatureunabletowinthebattleimmediately（迫使自然接受在和人的斗争中的僵持局面，使它不能马上得逞）

Vocabulary

第一大题

第一小题

1.Incompetence

2.Immoral

3.Impossible

4.Incomplete

5.Impersonal

6.Incredible

7.Indirect

8.Immovable

9.Immortal

10.Impolite

11.Informal

12.Improper

13.Impartial

14.Impatient

15.Incorrect

16.Incapable

17.Insignificant

18.Impractical

19.Imperfect

20.Insensitive

21.Impermissible

22.Impenetrable

23.Indifferent

24.Immovable

25.Invisible

26.Immodest

27.Immature

28.Invaluable

29.Invariable

30.immeasurable

第二小题

（1）-ee:

noun.Onewhoreceives

（2）-eer:

noun.Doer;devicefor

（3）-ess:

noun.female

第三小题

1.经济起飞

2.欢送会

3.梦想复辟

4.可耻的出卖

5.后续讨论

6.产品用后就扔的现代经济

7.使用过多的化妆品

8.严重的精神崩溃

9.给了个表示许可的信号

10.怀疑这是有意掩盖真相

11.我们叫个外卖吧

12.在军事接管之后

13.给学生一些讲义

14.改革的好处、红利

15.联盟最后的破裂

16.中途退学的人

17.第二天清晨仍能感觉到的酒后头昏

18.出来参加投票的人不多vote

第二大题

1.Employer

2.Unfasten

3.Bad/evil

4.Unidentified

5.Concerned/caring/considerate/interested/sympathetic

6.Immovable

7.Impersonal

8.Irresponsible

9.Selfishness

10.Individual/personal/specific/private/unique

Oneandonly

11.Shallow

12.Undress

13.Slightly/somewhat/inpart/partiallyimpartial

14.Denydenial

15.（bride）Groom

第三大题

1.Aircrashes/aircollisionandothernaturaldisasters

2.Humannatureandcharacter

3.Thetailsectionofajetplane

4.Hugechunksofice;ahugechunkofice

5.Aflotationring

6.Fastentheseatbelt

7.Culture/Culturalconflict/clash/collision/shock

8.Flight911

9.Mechanicalfailure

10.Humantragedy

11.Harshremarks

12.Makeadistinctionbetweengoodandevil

13.Presidentialmonuments

14.Typical/classic/representativecircumstance

15.Universalcharacter/characteristic/feature

16.Apublichero

17.Emotionalimpact

18.Amomentofhigh/heavytraffic;rushhour;trafficpeak

19.Enduring/lastingwonder

20.AirFlorida

21.CongressionalBudgetOffice/Bureau/

22.Masscasualties

第四大题

1.Referto;knownas

2.Inreality;asever;responsiblefor

Note:

Asmall,isolatedgrouporarea:

therewerepocketsofdisaffection不满；背叛inpartsofthecountry

MOREEXAMPLESENTENCES

Itiscallingforanewapproachtonatureconservation,focusingonwholelandscapesratherthanisolatedpockets.偏远区域

Famineisbitingdeepinisolatedpocketsalloverthecountry.

Therearecoalitions,butthey'reinseparatepocketsaroundthecountry,itisnotanationalcoalition.

ADJECTIVE[ATTRIBUTIVE]

Ofasuitablesizeforcarryinginapocket:

apocketGermandictionary

Picksb’spocket

Pickpocketn.thief/theft/thieve

3.Brought;totears;sticks

Ifyoudosomethingsingle-handed（ly）,youdoitonyourown,withouthelpfromanyoneelse.单独地

Ibroughtupmysevenchildrensingle-handed.

我独自带大了7个孩子。

YoucanprobablyblameNicolasSarkozyforthat,hehassingle-handedlychangedtheperception/viewofhowtheworldseesFrenchmen.

你可以怪尼古拉•萨科奇。

仅因为他一个人的不足，就改变了全世界对法国男人的看法。

4.Worth;referto;Ontheotherhand;makeacarefuldistinction

5.Cametotheconclusion;for

Settlement:

Ourobjectivemustbetosecureapeace（ful）settlement.

我们的目标必须是确保达成一个和平协议。

Sheacceptedanout-of-courtsettlementof$40,000.

她接受了4万美元庭外和解。

...waystodelaythesettlementofdebts.

…拖延债务清偿的办法。

Payoff

Thevillageisasettlementofjustfiftyhouses.

这个村子是个仅有50家住户的定居地。

reputation

6.Takesoff;onbehalfof

7.Tobesure;careabout;risetotheoccasion

8.Responsiblefor;accountfor

第五大题

1.To;as

2.On;to

3.To;of

4.On;in;under

5.Accordingto;over

6.With;at;at

7.Against;for;to

8.On;to

9.On;to

10.Outof/In/Owingto/Becauseof/Dueto;of

第六大题

1.Thefactthathewasabletoavoidtheseeminglyinevitable/unavoidablecrashmadehimanationalhero.

2.Ofthefourstudentswhoriskedtheirlivestotrytodragthedrowningchildrentoshore,twoneverreturned.

3.TheJapaneseareknownfortheirlonglifespan.Theybelievetheyowethistotheireatinghabits/thecompositionoftheirdiet,whichcontainsalotoffishproducts.

HIVvirushasaundeterminedlifespanoutsidethehumanbody,rangingfromseveralminutestoseveralhours.SodonotturnpalewhenHIVismentioned.

Istudiedwithhiminthesameschoolforaspanoffouryears.

ZhaoYazhi’sperformingcareerspannedmorethanfourdecades.

4.IknowHarris.Icouldn’timagineamanlikehimmakingsuchstupidremarks.

5.Aftertestingherloyaltymanytimes,hewasnowgoingtogiveherthemostdangeroustask.

6.IheardthatLincolnhaddeliveredanextremelypowerfulspeechonthatoccasion.Whateverdidheactuallysay?

7.Thatthistimetheymustbereadytochallenge/defydeathwascleartoeverybody.Butnooneregrettedthismove/action/measure.

8.Asaccidentsgo/Asfarasaccidentsareconcerned,therewasnothingunusual/outofth