高考英语阅读理解抓分训练61.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分训练61
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练(61)及答案
阅读理解
TheQueen’sEnglishisnowsoundin
glessupper-class,ascientificstudyoftheQueen’sChristmasbroadcastshadfound.ResearchershavestudiedeachofhermessagestotheCommonwealthcountriessince1952tofindoutthechangeinherpronunciationfromthenobleUpperReceivedtotheStandardReceived.
JonathanHarrington,aprofessoratGermany’sUniversityofMunich,wantedtodiscoverwhetheraccent(口音)changersrecordedoverthepasthalfcenturywouldtakeplacewithinoneperson.“AsfarasIkno
w,therejustisnobodyelseforwhomthereisthissortofbroadcastrecords,”hesaid.
Hesaidthenoblewayofpronouncingvowels(元音)hadgraduallylostgroundasthenobleupper-classaccentoverthepastyears.“Heraccentsoundsslightlylessnoblethanitdid50yearsago.Butthesearevery,verysmallandslowchangesthatwedon’tnoticefromyeartoyear.”
“Wemaybeabletorelateittochangesinthesocialclasses,”hetoldTheDailyTelegraph,aBritishnewspaper.“In1952shewouldhavebeenheardsaying‘thetmeninthebleckhet’.Nowitwouldbe‘thatmanintheblackhat’.And‘hame’ratherthan‘home’.Inthe1950sshewouldhavebeen‘lorst’,butbythe1970s‘lost’.”
TheQueen’sbroadcastisapersonalmessagetotheCommonwealthcountries.EachChristmas,the10-minutebroadcastisputonTVat3pminBritainasmanyfamiliesarerecoveringfromtheirtraditionalturkeylunch.(传统火鸡午餐).
Theresultswerepublished(发表)intheJournalofPhonetics.
46.TheQueen’sbroadcastswerechosenforthestudymainlybecause______.
A.shehasbeenQueenformanyyears
B.shehasalessupper-classaccentnow
C.herspeechesarefamiliartomanypeople
D.herspeecheshavebeenrecordedfor50years
47.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofalessnobleaccentinEnglish?
A.“duaty” B.“citee” C.“hame” D.“lorst”
48.WemayinferfromthetextthattheJournalofPhoneticsisamagazineon_________.
A.speechsounds B.Christmascustoms
C.TVbroadcasting D.personalmessages
49.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Therelationshipbetweenaccentsandsocialclasses.
B.TheQueen’sChristmasspeechesonTV.
C.Thechangesinaperson’saccent.
D.Therecentdevelopmento
ftheEnglis
hlanguage.
参考答案------46-5—49、DBAC
(2011·新课标卷,C)
CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby:
Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpoundstoo;soit'sawinwinsituationallaround.”
TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy(经济),havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,Tex.,someofthegardenshaveathreeyearwaitinglist.
GeorgeC.BallJr,ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplantsareupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseofhigheroilprices.Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.
本文讲述了由于生活费用增高,加上经济下降,越来越多的人开始自己种菜,并且现在人们开车少了,旅游少了,有更多的时间来种菜,减少生活费用。
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“residents”inParagraph1probablyreferto?
A.chickensB.tomatoes
C.gardensD.people
答案:
A。
词义猜测题。
由上文的achickenhouse(鸡舍)可知,它的居民应该是小鸡,故A项正确。
10.Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?
A.MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.B.Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.
C.There'sagrowingneedforfruits.D.Thecostoflivingisontherise.
答案:
D。
细节理解题。
由短文第二段第一句话可知,由于生活费增高,经济下降,越来越多的人们开始自己种菜。
故D项正确。
11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.FamilyFoodPlanningB.BankingonGardening
C.ABelttighteningMoveD.GardeningasaHobby
答案:
B。
主旨大意题。
本文主要讲述了由于生活费用增高,经济下降,迫使人们自己种菜来减少开支。
A项意为:
家庭食物计划;B项:
依靠种菜;C项:
紧缩腰带运动;D项:
把种菜当做爱好。
Therewasastorymanyyearsagoofaschoolteacher---Mrs.Thompson.Shetoldthechildrenonthefirstdaythatshelovedthemallthesame.Butthatwasalie.ThereinthefrontrowwasalittleboynamedTeddyStoddard.Hedidn’tplaywellwiththeotherchildrenandhealwaysneededabath.Shedidnotlikehim.
ThenMrs.ThompsongottoknowthatTeddywasactuallyaverygoodboybeforethedeathofhismother.Mrs.Th
ompsonwasashamedofherself.Shefeltevenworsewhen,likeallherotherstudents,TeddybroughtheraChristmaspresenttoo.Itwashismother’sperfume(香水)。
Teddysaid,“Mrs.Thompson,todayyousmelljustlikemyMomusedto.”Afterthechildrenleftshecriedforatleastanhour.Onthatveryday,shestoppedteachingreading,writingandmath.Instead,shebegantoteachchildren.
Mrs.ThompsonpaidparticularattentiontoTeddy.Theboy’smindseemedtocomealive.Themoresheencouragehim,thefasterheimproved.Bytheendofthesixthgrade,Teddyhadbecomeoneofthesmartestchildrenintheclass.
SixyearswentbybeforeshegotanotefromTeddy.Hewrotet
hathehadfinishedhighschool,thirdinhisclass,andshewasstillthebestteacherheeverhadinhiswholelift.Hewenttocollege.Mrs.Thompsongottwomorelettersfromhimwiththelastonesigned,TheodoreF
.Stoddard,M.D.(医学博士).
Thestorydoesn’tendthere.Onhisweddingday,Dr.StoddardwhisperedinMrs.Thompson’sear,“Thankyou,Mrs.Thompson,forbelievinginme.YoumademefeelimportantandshowedmethatIcouldmakeadifference.”
Mrs.Thompson,withtearsinhereyes,whisperedback,“Teddy,youhaveitallwrong.YouweretheonewhotaughtmethatIcouldmakeadifference.Ididn’tknowhowtoteachuntilImetyou.”
50.WhatdidMrs.Thompsondoonthefirstdayofschool?
A.ShemadeTeddyfeelashamed
B.SheaskedthechildrentoplaywithTeddy.
C.ShechangedTeddy’sseattothefrontrow.
D.Shetoldtheclasssomethinguntrueaboutherself.
51.WhatdidMrs.ThompsonfindoutaboutTeddy?
A.Heoftentoldlies.
B.Hewasgoodatmat
h.
C.Heneededmotherlycare.
D.Heenjoyedplayingwithothers.
52.InwhatwaydidMrs.Thompsonchange?
A.Shetaughtfewerschoolsubjects.
B.Shebecamestricterwithherstudents.
C.Shenolongerlikedherjobasateacher.
D.Shecaredmoreabouteducatingstudents.
53.WhydidTeddythankMrs.Thompsonathiswedding?
A.Shehadkeptintouchwithhim.
B.Shehadgivenhimencouragement.
C.ShehadsenthimChristmaspresents.
D.Shehadtaughthimhowtojudgepeople.
参考答案-------50---53、DCDB
(2011·山东卷,D)
Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.
Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated(展示)asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.
Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.
“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord(脊髓)tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”
Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.
Prof.Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:
communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”
Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.
本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法,从而帮助残疾人。
大脑与电脑连接技术,可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置,如轮椅。
12.BCIisatechnologythatcan________.
A.helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputers
C.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlaperson'sthoughts
答案:
B。
细节理解题。
根据短文第一段可知,科学家寻找把人的大脑与电脑连接起来的方法,这一方法也即:
大脑与电脑连接技术,帮助残疾人向机器发送信号,由此可知B项正确。
13.HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?
A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.Bytalkingtothemachine.
C.Bymovinghishand.D.Byusinghismind.
答案:
D。
细节理解题。
根据短文第三段可知,Tavella通过思考来推动轮椅,用思想来指导轮椅,故D项正确。
14.Whichofthefollowingshowsthepathoft