英语本科毕业论文-浅析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧根源Word文件下载.docx

英语本科毕业论文-浅析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧根源Word文件下载.docx

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root;

tragedy;

socialhistorical;

patriarchy;

twistedmentality

浅析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧根源

摘要：

威廉.福克纳的作品大多数以南方的社会历史和人物的内心世界的描写为题材。

描述南方社会历史衰落后的境况，贵族们对南方复杂社会变化趋势的逃避。

他的代表作《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》深刻的体现出这样一种历史。

《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》全面而又深刻地诠释了艾米丽的悲剧根源。

以他自己所在的社会为背景，在作品中，他描述了三种不同的悲剧根源。

这三种不同的悲剧根源和南方的社会背景和历史息息相关。

此篇论文中将着重讨论这三种。

分别阐述为：

复杂的南方情结和社会历史条件，父权制的压迫，艾米丽的扭曲变态心理。

从这三种悲剧根源中，读者能够更深刻的了解到福克纳对此篇小说的独特的写作技巧。

关键词：

根源；

悲剧；

社会历史；

父权制；

扭曲心理

1. 

Introduction

WilliamFaulkner’beingaprominentwriterin20thcentury’sAmericanliterature,gainshisworldpopularityfortheuniquestyleofhisnovel,havingapositiveandprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentofAmericanliterature.Faulkner’sstatusinmodernAmericacanbecomparedwithShakespeare’s 

status. 

wecanseeFaulkner’sliteraryachievementandsocialreputation.HismoststoriessetintheimaginaryYoknapatawphaCounty,therearelotsoffamousworksofWilliamFaulkneras 

TheSoundandtheFury（1929），LightinAugust（1932），and 

Absalom,Absalom（1936）andsoon.

ARoseforEmily,Faulkner’sfirstshortstory,whichwaspublishedin1930,issetinthetownwithnameJeffersoninYoknopatawpha.Theauthor,WilliamFaulknerseemstosetthestoryinaplacethat 

resemblestheplace 

helivedin,namelyOxford.Mississippicorrelates 

tothelifeontheauthor.InaRoseforEmily,themaincharacterMissEmilyisdescribedinthebeginningofthestoryasanelderlywomanthatoncepartofhighsocialstatusandnowpartofthebitterdecayofthetown.WilliamFaulkner’sARoseforEmilydrawsavividpictureofthesouthoftheUnitedStates.Fromthenovel,weknowthatitwastheperiod,theoldsouthfades 

andthesouthbegantodecaygraduallyaftertheCivilWar.Thestoryprovidesdescriptionofthedecadenceoftheoldsouth.TheprogressofthedecayingisthesamewiththedeathofEmilyandherfather,aswellasvalue,traditionandlifestylewhichhavegraduallywentoutofthelifeofpeopleinthesouth.

AsamasterpieceinAmericanliterature, 

ARoseforEmily 

hasbeenattachedgreatimportancebyavarietyofscholars.Thestoryhasbeenanalyzedfromvariousanglesassymbolism,feminism,religion,GothicLiteratureandsoon.Fromthepointofview,thefeminismofLi 

Rongrui,thestoryreflectsatragedyofEmilywhichisindicatedinthemurderofherlover.ThewholelifeofEmilywascaughtbythecageofoldtradition,Emilyhasneverescapedfromit.Emilycanbevictimofthepatriarchalcodes.Thisthesiscontainsfivechapters.ThefirstchapterisIntroduction.Inthischapter,theauthor 

introducesWilliamFaulkner，ARoseforEmily’sbackgroundandthestructureofthisthesisbasically.Inchaptertwo,theauthorintroducessomebriefinformationofstory,whichisusedtoanalyzethenovel.ChapterthreeanalyzesARoseforEmilyofthecharactersEmily,Emily’sfatherandNegroHomerBarreninthenovel.ChapterfourfocusontheoriginofEmily’sTragedy.Inthis,theauthormainlyinterpretsthethemeoftheoriginofEmily’stragedy.Thelastchapterisconclusion,whichinthischaptertheauthorconcludesthatARoseforEmilyimbuesthenovelwithhistoricalandrealisticmeanings,andenhancesitsreadabilityandprofundity,whichhelpstoexplainwhythisnovelhasstoodoutasamasterpieceamongtheinnumerousworks.

2.ABriefIntroductionto 

2.1WilliamFaulkner

Faulknerisproductivewriter,producingagreatvarietyofmarvelousshortstories.Weknowheisoneofthemostinfluentialwritersinthe20thcentury,aleadingpersoninthecenturyinAmericanliterary.In1949,WilliamFaulknerwonNobelPrizeofliterature.In1995and1963healsowonhisdoublePulitzers.WilliamFaulknerisfamousorhisnovelsandshortstories.Thisawardwinningauthorhasbeenpraisedbymanycriticsforhisabilityanduniquestyleofwriting.Healsoshoeshiswritingtalentinpoetryandscreenplay.Therearemarksofhishometown–Mississippiinhisworksasthesenseofhumorandblank,andwhitetragicposition,hisdescriptionofthesouthernfeaturesandthemainthemesandsoon.ThemostfamousplaceinhisworksasYoknapatawphasagaisimportanttoAmericanliterary.TherearelotsoffamousworksofWilliamFaulkneras 

TheSoundandtheFury 

（1929）, 

LightinAugust 

（1932）,and 

Absalom,Absalom（1936）andsoon.Themostfamouswriteralsoisaprolificwriterofshortstories.Hisfirstshortstoriescollectionwaspublishedin1931namedasthese13.Inthiscollection,itconsistsof 

ARoseforEmily,Redleavesandotherhighlyacclaimedshortstories.Theauthorwillprovidedetailstudyonthestory 

ARoseforEmily.Thearticle 

ischosenfromhisshortstoriescollection.

2.2 

ARoseforEmily,Faulkner’sfirstshortstory,whichwaspublishedin1930,issetthetownwithnameJeffersoninYoknopatawpha.TheauthorWilliamFaulknerseemstosetthestoryinaplacethatresembleshisown.In 

ARoseforEmily,themaincharacterMissEmilyisdescribedinthebeginningofthestoryasan 

elderlywomanthatwasoncepartofhighsocialstatesandisnowpartofthebitterdecayofthetown.Asasolesurvivorofasouthernfamily,EmilyGreisensmaintainsanaloofdignityfromher 

neighbors,refusingeventopaytaxes.Laterwhensheisjiltedbyaloverandbecomesarecluse,thepeopleofJeffersonareforgivingandprotectiveofher.ButwhenEmilydies,thetownspeoplelearnthehorrifyingtruthaboutthetown’slastbelle.Actually,thewholestorylineismadeupofthreeparts.First:

themainreasonthatthewomenofJeffersongotoMissEmily’sfuneralistohonoragreatlady 

and 

seeher 

home. 

Theywantto 

assure 

herwho 

thatsheisreallydead.AfterMissEmily’sfatherdies,ColonelSartoriuscancelsEmily’staxes,sheistoomuchofaladytobebotheredwithtaxes,herfatheronceloanedthetownmoney,andnowthetownisrepayingitsdebts,theGreisenshouseissorun-down,itisnotworthpayingtaxeson.Whenofficialslatertrytopaytaxes,sherespondsbygettingTubetochaseawaytheofficials,threateningtheofficialswithblackmail,sayingshehasnotaxesinJefferson.Second:

thirtyyearsearlier,officialshadgonetoMissEmilyhousetosprinklelinearoundherpropertytodestroyanawfulodor,questionTubeaboutkillingratsandsnakes,thequestionsofEmilyisaboutthedisappearanceofHomerBarron.WhenthetownspeoplerealizethatMissEmilyhasnomoneyandwillnevermarry,theybegintoofferhercharity,pokegentlefunather.Afterherfather’sdeath,MissEmilygraciouslywelcomesherfriendsandneighborstoawake,atfirstrefusestoreleasehisbodyforburial,planstoleaveJeffersonforgood.Third:

MissEmilybuysarsenicfromthedruggist,shetellshimthatshewantsittokillrates,refusestotellhimthereasonforthepurchase 

explainsthathermanservantwantsitforagardeningcompound.ThetownspeopleareconvincedthatHomerBarronandMissEmilyaremarriedwhensheordersamonogrammedsilvertoiletsetfromthelocaljeweler,purchasetworailwaytickets,one-waytoNEWYORKCITY,disappearsforsixmonths.Atlast,townspeoplediscoverthatMissEmilyhadhoardedgold,silver,andvaluablestocks,madeashrinetohonorherheadfatherandotherrelatives,killedHomerBarronandkepthisbodyonherbrailbed.

2.3Gothic

“Gothic”novelisoneofthedirectsourcesofcontemporarywesternhorrormovies 

whichispopularinEuropearound18th 

century.ThetermofGothic（Goth）originallycamefromthenameofGothicTeutonictribal,andlateritwasusedrefertoamedieval

Architecturalstyleandusedforchurchesandcastles,whichischaracterizedbytoweringspiers,thickstonewalls,darkandgloomyinsidetunnelandsoon.ThosethinkersadvocatingancientGreekcivilization,becauseoftheconstructionofsuchresentmentputtheword“Gothic”evolvedintosynonymouswordssuchasbarbarism,horror,mysteryanddarkness.In18th 

century,therecameoutanovelstyle,itoftenputakindofhorrorandmysteryasthekeynote,andalmostoccurinthedestroyedcastles,havingbeengiventhename“Gothic”novel.Suchnoveloftensetcastle,wilderness,ruinsandotherenvironmentasbackground,filledwithdark,mysterious,suspenseandbrimmedwithviolence,revenge,anddeathplot.Gothicnovel’sstructuralmodelreflectsinthestoryscenes,charactersparadigms,themesandotheraspectsofaseriesofinnovativeawareness.Oneofthebiggesthighlightsisthattherearenotonly“gothiccastle”,butalso“surrealhorror.”Thesocalled“surrealterror”,itreferstothepeopleintheworkssubjectingtosomeformofghosts,ghosts,monstersorsomethingunknowable.Sothattheyoftenmanifestafeelingofhighanxietysuchasfearofdeathorinsanity.Becauseoftheextremeexaggerationandrendering,thefeelingofthefearaboutcharactersisnotonly“imminent”,butalsothebodyisset.Infact,this