学年湖北省十堰市高二下学期第一次月考英语试题Word版文档格式.docx

学年湖北省十堰市高二下学期第一次月考英语试题Word版文档格式.docx

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4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Peoplehavebeenactinglikepeople—inotherwords，they’vebeenmakingtools，creatingceremonies，andsharingfood—foralongtime.That’stheconclusionofarecentstudyfromSouthAfrica’ssoutherncoast.

There，inacavelyingabovethesea，researchersfromArizonaStateUniversityhavefoundevidencethathumanswerebehavinginsurprisinglycomplexwaysasearlyas164,000yearsago.Ourspecies，Homosapiens，appearedanestimated200,000yearsago.

ThecaveheldthreeimportantcluesaboutthebehavioroftheseStoneAgepeople.

First，theresearchersfoundtheremainsofallkindsofshellfish.Thepeoplewholivedinthecaveprobablycollectedthesecreaturesfromrockyshoresandtidepoolsandbroughtthemtothecavetoeat.

TheresearchersproposetheearlyAfricansmovedtotheSouthAfricancoastbetween195,000and130,000yearsago.Aroundthattime，theclimateinlandturnedrelativelycoldanddry.Therefore，therewerefewerplantsandanimalstoeatawayfromthecoast.

Whentheseancientpeoplemovedtothecoast，theyprobablyexperiencedamajorculturalshift，theresearcherssuspect.That’sbecauseobservationsofmodernhuntergatherersocietiessuggestthatmenaremorelikelytohuntforbiganimalswhenpeopleliveinland.Onthecoast，womenplayamoreimportantroleinprovidingfoodbygatheringplantsandshellfish.

Asforthesecondclue，theresearchersunearthed57piecesofreddishpigment（颜料）．Theresearchersthinkthatthecavehabitantsusedthepaintforcoloringtheirbodiesorforotherceremonies.Symbolicbehaviorisaclearlyhumanfeature.

Finally，thesearchdiscoveredover1,800stonetools，includingwellcraftedblades（刀片）．Thesebladescameinvarioussizes.Thesmallestwerejustlessthanahalfinchwide.Ancientpeoplemayhaveattachedthesebladestotheendofasticktomakespearsorothertools.

21．WhydidtheearlyAfricansmovetotheSouthAfricancoastaccordingtothetext?

A．Toavoidcoldanddryweather.

B．Tolookforenoughfoodtoeat.

C．Toseektheculturaldevelopment.

D．Tocollectmoreshellfishtomaketools.

22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unearthed”inParagraph7mean?

A．Introduced.B．ProducedC．Used.D．Found.

23．Accordingtothetext，wecanlearnthatthecavehabitants.

A．mightmaketoolswithkindsofblades

B．couldhuntforfishintheseabyship

C．madealivingmainlybyeatingshellfish

D．knewhowtousecolorsforpaintinghouses

B

TheInternationalDayofDisabledPersons，aninternationalobservancedeclaredbytheUnitedNationssince1992，isobservedonDecember3，aimingtopromoteanunderstandingofdisabilityissuesandgetsupportfortherightsofpeoplewithdisabilities.Thedaytakesplaceannuallyandfocusesonadifferentissueeachyear.InSouthAfrica，December3alsomarksthebeginningoftheDisabilityAwarenessMonth.

Sincethefirstcelebration，peoplewithdisabilitieshavegainedrecognitionoftheirrightsbystatesacrosstheglobeandoftheirrightfulplaceinsociety.Butthereisstillmuchworkaheadofustoturnthoselegalrightsintoatruerevolution,inwhichdiversityisfullyacceptedandlived.

Theestimatedonebillionpeoplelivingwithdisabilitiesworldwidefacemanyobstructionsofinclusioninmanykeyaspectsofsociety.Asaresult，peoplewithdisabilitiescan'

tenjoytheequalrightsasnormalpeople,whichincludeemployment,educationaswellassocialandpoliticalparticipation.Therighttoparticipateinpubliclifeisessentialtocreatestabledemocracies（民主国家），activecitizenshipandreduceinequalitiesinsociety.

Inmanycases，peoplewithdisabilitiesmustbeabletofulfilltheirroleinsociety.Itisimportanttofocusontheabilityandnotonthedisabilityofanindividual.Itisimportanttonotethatdisabilityispartofthehumancondition，andthatallofuseitherareorwillbecomedisabledtoonedegreeoranotherduringthecourseofourlives.

Bypromotingempowerment（授权），realopportunitiesfordisabledpeoplearecreated.Thissupportstheminsettingtheirownpriorities.Empowermentinvolvesinvestinginthem—injobs，health，nutrition，education,andsocialprotection.Whendisabledpeopleareempowered,theyarebetterpreparedtotakeadvantageofopportunities，andtheycanmorereadilyaccepttheircivicresponsibilities.

24.WhatistheInternationalDayofDisabledPersonsmeantfor?

A．Toraisemoneyforthedisabled.

B．Tostressthevalueofthedisabled.

C．Tomakeaninternationalcelebration.

D．Tomakeable－bodiedpeoplecareaboutthedisabled.

25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obstructions”inParagraph3mean?

A．Chances.B．Barriers.C．Types.D．Regrets.

26．Whatisthemainproblemfordisabledpeople?

A．Thenumberofthemistoolarge.

B．Fewofthemseeklegalrights.

C．Theycan'

tbefullyacceptedbysociety.

D．Theythinkpoorlyoftheirroleinsociety.

27．Whatisindicatedinthelastparagraph?

A．Theauthorisworriedaboutthedisabled.

B．Thedisabledwillhaveabrighterfuture.

C．Whatsocietyhasdoneisfarfromenough.

D．Thedisabledmustfighthardfortheirrights.

C

WhenIfirststartedtakingphotographsofthenightsky,IneverthoughtI’dendupdoingitforaliving.I’dalwaysbeeninterestedinphotography.IusedtodrivemyfamilyandfriendscrazybecauseIwasalwaystakingphotographsofthem.ThenonedayIsawaposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.Posterslikethatwerereallypopularinthe1970s.Ihadseenlotsofthem,buttherewassomethingdifferentaboutthisone.Itattractedmeanditendedupchangingmylife!

Ithasn’talwaysbeeneasythough.IremembertryingtotakeapictureoftheHaleBoppCometforaphotographycompetitionin1997.Icheckedwiththeexpertsatthelocalweatherstationtomakesuretheyweren’texpectingcloudsorstrongwinds.At3:

30amIsetthecameraonatripod（三脚架）inmygarden,andthenIbeganthecountdownto4:

00am,whenthecometwasscheduledtoappear.Irecallthinking,“Ifeverythinggoesasplanned,thephotowillshowthecometasalineoflightmovingacrossabackgroundofstars.”Butsuddenlyeverythingwasterriblywrong!

At3:

59a.m.,justasIwasmakingthefinaladjustments,outthebushescameastreak（条纹）ofblackheadingstraightformyfeet,andbeforeIknewit,thecamera,thetripodandIwereontheground!

Thestreakofblackwasmyneighbour’scatTiddlesoutforhislate-nightexercise,andhehadruinedtheonlychanceIhadforthenext2,000yearsoftakingphotographsofthespectacular（壮观的）comet!

Butmissedphotoopportunitiesaside,astrophotographyisagreatjob,anditcanalsobeanenjoyablehobby.Surprisingenough,youdon’tneedanyspecialequipment:

justa35mmcamera,atripodandsomeslow-speedfilm.Butyoumustremembertotakecareofyourequipment.

28.Inthetexttheauthormainlydescribes　　. 

A.howhewastrainedtobeaweatherexpert

B.howhetookphotographsforposters

C.howhetookphotographsofpeople

D.howhebecameanastrophotographer

29.Whatchangedtheauthorcompletely?

A.Takingfamilyphotographsforaliving.

B.Takingupastrophotographyasahobby.

C.AnattractiveposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.

D.Apopularphotographofthecomet.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Theauthorwantedtotakeapictureofthecometforacompetition.

B.Theauthorshowedpeoplehowthecometmovedacrossthesky.

C.Thecometwasexpectedtoappearat3:

30am.

D.Thecometonceappearedintheyearof2000.

31.Whatdestroyedtheauthor’slastopportunitytotakethepictureofthecomet?

A.Unexpectedclouds.B.Alineoflight.

C.Aneighbour’scat.D.Strongwinds.

D

LargecloudsofdustblowingofftheSaharadesertcaneasilybeseenfromspace.

JosephProsperoiswiththeUniversityofMiamiintheUnitedStates.HehasstudiedAfricandustformanyyears.“AtmosphericdustAfricandustisoneofthemostprominent（显著的）atmosphericfeatures,secondonlytoclouds,”hesaid.

Inthe1970s,JosephProsperofoundthatalargeamountofdustcanblowallthewayacrosstheAtlanticOcean.“Itisobviousthatthereisalotofdust.WhenitrainsinBarbadosorevenhereinMiamiduringthesummermonths,youactuallygetalayerofmudinthebottomofabucket（桶）.”

Africanduststormscanharmairqualityacrosstheocean.Butnewresearchshowsthatthestormsalsocandosomegood.ScientistsobservedSaharandustbysatelliteasitblewacrosstheAtlantic.

HongbinYuisanatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofMaryland.Hefoundthatanaverageof28millionmetrictonsofdustfallinSouthAmerica’sAmazonRiverbasineachyear.“Yes,itissurprisingbecauseofthehugeamountofdustandphosphorus（磷）.”Phosphorusisafertilizerthatplantsneedtogrow.HongbinYufoundthattheAmazonreceivesabout22thousandmetrictonsofSaharandusteachyear.Hesaysthedustisanimportantprovideroffertilizer.“Thesoilhaslimitedphosphorusanditalsocanbewashedoutbyrainandflooding.”

Infact,thephosphorusfallingfromtheskyisaboutthesameastheamountthatriverscarryawayeachyear.Thethickrainforestandthedesertdustarejoinedtogetherononesmallplanet. 

32.AccordingtoJosephProspero,atmosphericdust　　. 

A.issimilartoclouds

B.canbeeasilynoticed

C.iscarriedbyrainwater

D.isactuallycalledAfricandust

33.WhatcanwelearnaboutSaharandust?

A.Itpollutestheair