学年湖北省十堰市高二下学期第一次月考英语试题Word版文档格式.docx

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学年湖北省十堰市高二下学期第一次月考英语试题Word版文档格式.docx

4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)(略)

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:

每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Peoplehavebeenactinglikepeople—inotherwords,they’vebeenmakingtools,creatingceremonies,andsharingfood—foralongtime.That’stheconclusionofarecentstudyfromSouthAfrica’ssoutherncoast.

There,inacavelyingabovethesea,researchersfromArizonaStateUniversityhavefoundevidencethathumanswerebehavinginsurprisinglycomplexwaysasearlyas164,000yearsago.Ourspecies,Homosapiens,appearedanestimated200,000yearsago.

ThecaveheldthreeimportantcluesaboutthebehavioroftheseStoneAgepeople.

First,theresearchersfoundtheremainsofallkindsofshellfish.Thepeoplewholivedinthecaveprobablycollectedthesecreaturesfromrockyshoresandtidepoolsandbroughtthemtothecavetoeat.

TheresearchersproposetheearlyAfricansmovedtotheSouthAfricancoastbetween195,000and130,000yearsago.Aroundthattime,theclimateinlandturnedrelativelycoldanddry.Therefore,therewerefewerplantsandanimalstoeatawayfromthecoast.

Whentheseancientpeoplemovedtothecoast,theyprobablyexperiencedamajorculturalshift,theresearcherssuspect.That’sbecauseobservationsofmodernhuntergatherersocietiessuggestthatmenaremorelikelytohuntforbiganimalswhenpeopleliveinland.Onthecoast,womenplayamoreimportantroleinprovidingfoodbygatheringplantsandshellfish.

Asforthesecondclue,theresearchersunearthed57piecesofreddishpigment(颜料).Theresearchersthinkthatthecavehabitantsusedthepaintforcoloringtheirbodiesorforotherceremonies.Symbolicbehaviorisaclearlyhumanfeature.

Finally,thesearchdiscoveredover1,800stonetools,includingwellcraftedblades(刀片).Thesebladescameinvarioussizes.Thesmallestwerejustlessthanahalfinchwide.Ancientpeoplemayhaveattachedthesebladestotheendofasticktomakespearsorothertools.

21.WhydidtheearlyAfricansmovetotheSouthAfricancoastaccordingtothetext?

A.Toavoidcoldanddryweather.

B.Tolookforenoughfoodtoeat.

C.Toseektheculturaldevelopment.

D.Tocollectmoreshellfishtomaketools.

22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unearthed”inParagraph7mean?

A.Introduced.B.ProducedC.Used.D.Found.

23.Accordingtothetext,wecanlearnthatthecavehabitants.

A.mightmaketoolswithkindsofblades

B.couldhuntforfishintheseabyship

C.madealivingmainlybyeatingshellfish

D.knewhowtousecolorsforpaintinghouses

B

TheInternationalDayofDisabledPersons,aninternationalobservancedeclaredbytheUnitedNationssince1992,isobservedonDecember3,aimingtopromoteanunderstandingofdisabilityissuesandgetsupportfortherightsofpeoplewithdisabilities.Thedaytakesplaceannuallyandfocusesonadifferentissueeachyear.InSouthAfrica,December3alsomarksthebeginningoftheDisabilityAwarenessMonth.

Sincethefirstcelebration,peoplewithdisabilitieshavegainedrecognitionoftheirrightsbystatesacrosstheglobeandoftheirrightfulplaceinsociety.Butthereisstillmuchworkaheadofustoturnthoselegalrightsintoatruerevolution,inwhichdiversityisfullyacceptedandlived.

Theestimatedonebillionpeoplelivingwithdisabilitiesworldwidefacemanyobstructionsofinclusioninmanykeyaspectsofsociety.Asaresult,peoplewithdisabilitiescan'

tenjoytheequalrightsasnormalpeople,whichincludeemployment,educationaswellassocialandpoliticalparticipation.Therighttoparticipateinpubliclifeisessentialtocreatestabledemocracies(民主国家),activecitizenshipandreduceinequalitiesinsociety.

Inmanycases,peoplewithdisabilitiesmustbeabletofulfilltheirroleinsociety.Itisimportanttofocusontheabilityandnotonthedisabilityofanindividual.Itisimportanttonotethatdisabilityispartofthehumancondition,andthatallofuseitherareorwillbecomedisabledtoonedegreeoranotherduringthecourseofourlives.

Bypromotingempowerment(授权),realopportunitiesfordisabledpeoplearecreated.Thissupportstheminsettingtheirownpriorities.Empowermentinvolvesinvestinginthem—injobs,health,nutrition,education,andsocialprotection.Whendisabledpeopleareempowered,theyarebetterpreparedtotakeadvantageofopportunities,andtheycanmorereadilyaccepttheircivicresponsibilities.

24.WhatistheInternationalDayofDisabledPersonsmeantfor?

A.Toraisemoneyforthedisabled.

B.Tostressthevalueofthedisabled.

C.Tomakeaninternationalcelebration.

D.Tomakeable-bodiedpeoplecareaboutthedisabled.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obstructions”inParagraph3mean?

A.Chances.B.Barriers.C.Types.D.Regrets.

26.Whatisthemainproblemfordisabledpeople?

A.Thenumberofthemistoolarge.

B.Fewofthemseeklegalrights.

C.Theycan'

tbefullyacceptedbysociety.

D.Theythinkpoorlyoftheirroleinsociety.

27.Whatisindicatedinthelastparagraph?

A.Theauthorisworriedaboutthedisabled.

B.Thedisabledwillhaveabrighterfuture.

C.Whatsocietyhasdoneisfarfromenough.

D.Thedisabledmustfighthardfortheirrights.

C

WhenIfirststartedtakingphotographsofthenightsky,IneverthoughtI’dendupdoingitforaliving.I’dalwaysbeeninterestedinphotography.IusedtodrivemyfamilyandfriendscrazybecauseIwasalwaystakingphotographsofthem.ThenonedayIsawaposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.Posterslikethatwerereallypopularinthe1970s.Ihadseenlotsofthem,buttherewassomethingdifferentaboutthisone.Itattractedmeanditendedupchangingmylife!

Ithasn’talwaysbeeneasythough.IremembertryingtotakeapictureoftheHaleBoppCometforaphotographycompetitionin1997.Icheckedwiththeexpertsatthelocalweatherstationtomakesuretheyweren’texpectingcloudsorstrongwinds.At3:

30amIsetthecameraonatripod(三脚架)inmygarden,andthenIbeganthecountdownto4:

00am,whenthecometwasscheduledtoappear.Irecallthinking,“Ifeverythinggoesasplanned,thephotowillshowthecometasalineoflightmovingacrossabackgroundofstars.”Butsuddenlyeverythingwasterriblywrong!

At3:

59a.m.,justasIwasmakingthefinaladjustments,outthebushescameastreak(条纹)ofblackheadingstraightformyfeet,andbeforeIknewit,thecamera,thetripodandIwereontheground!

Thestreakofblackwasmyneighbour’scatTiddlesoutforhislate-nightexercise,andhehadruinedtheonlychanceIhadforthenext2,000yearsoftakingphotographsofthespectacular(壮观的)comet!

Butmissedphotoopportunitiesaside,astrophotographyisagreatjob,anditcanalsobeanenjoyablehobby.Surprisingenough,youdon’tneedanyspecialequipment:

justa35mmcamera,atripodandsomeslow-speedfilm.Butyoumustremembertotakecareofyourequipment.

28.Inthetexttheauthormainlydescribes  . 

A.howhewastrainedtobeaweatherexpert

B.howhetookphotographsforposters

C.howhetookphotographsofpeople

D.howhebecameanastrophotographer

29.Whatchangedtheauthorcompletely?

A.Takingfamilyphotographsforaliving.

B.Takingupastrophotographyasahobby.

C.AnattractiveposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.

D.Apopularphotographofthecomet.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Theauthorwantedtotakeapictureofthecometforacompetition.

B.Theauthorshowedpeoplehowthecometmovedacrossthesky.

C.Thecometwasexpectedtoappearat3:

30am.

D.Thecometonceappearedintheyearof2000.

31.Whatdestroyedtheauthor’slastopportunitytotakethepictureofthecomet?

A.Unexpectedclouds.B.Alineoflight.

C.Aneighbour’scat.D.Strongwinds.

D

LargecloudsofdustblowingofftheSaharadesertcaneasilybeseenfromspace.

JosephProsperoiswiththeUniversityofMiamiintheUnitedStates.HehasstudiedAfricandustformanyyears.“AtmosphericdustAfricandustisoneofthemostprominent(显著的)atmosphericfeatures,secondonlytoclouds,”hesaid.

Inthe1970s,JosephProsperofoundthatalargeamountofdustcanblowallthewayacrosstheAtlanticOcean.“Itisobviousthatthereisalotofdust.WhenitrainsinBarbadosorevenhereinMiamiduringthesummermonths,youactuallygetalayerofmudinthebottomofabucket(桶).”

Africanduststormscanharmairqualityacrosstheocean.Butnewresearchshowsthatthestormsalsocandosomegood.ScientistsobservedSaharandustbysatelliteasitblewacrosstheAtlantic.

HongbinYuisanatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofMaryland.Hefoundthatanaverageof28millionmetrictonsofdustfallinSouthAmerica’sAmazonRiverbasineachyear.“Yes,itissurprisingbecauseofthehugeamountofdustandphosphorus(磷).”Phosphorusisafertilizerthatplantsneedtogrow.HongbinYufoundthattheAmazonreceivesabout22thousandmetrictonsofSaharandusteachyear.Hesaysthedustisanimportantprovideroffertilizer.“Thesoilhaslimitedphosphorusanditalsocanbewashedoutbyrainandflooding.”

Infact,thephosphorusfallingfromtheskyisaboutthesameastheamountthatriverscarryawayeachyear.Thethickrainforestandthedesertdustarejoinedtogetherononesmallplanet. 

32.AccordingtoJosephProspero,atmosphericdust  . 

A.issimilartoclouds

B.canbeeasilynoticed

C.iscarriedbyrainwater

D.isactuallycalledAfricandust

33.WhatcanwelearnaboutSaharandust?

A.Itpollutestheair

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