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itisnotoutoftheway.Itisintheway.”
III.CulturalNotes:
1.Amazon(river):
riverinnorthernSouthAmerica,largelyinBrazil,rankedasthelargestintheworldintermsofwatershedarea,numberoftributaries,andvolumeofwaterdischarged.Measuring6,400km(4,000mi)fromsourcetomouth,itissecondinlengthonlytotheNileamongtheriversoftheworld.Withitshundredsoftributaries,theAmazondrainsaterritoryofmorethan6millionsqkm(2.3millionsqmi),roughlyhalfofwhichisinBrazil;
therestisinPeru,Ecuador,Bolivia,andVenezuela.ItisestimatedthattheAmazondischargesbetween34millionand121millionliters(9millionand32milliongalleons)ofwaterpersecondanddepositsadailyaverageof3milliontonsofsedimentnearitsmouth.Theannualoutflowfromtheriveraccountsforone-fifthofallthefreshwaterthatdrainsintotheoceansoftheworld.TheoutpouringofwaterandsedimentissovastthatthesaltcontentandcoloroftheAtlanticOceanarealteredforadistanceofabout320km(about200mi)fromthemouthoftheriver.
2.Ecuador:
republicinnorthwesternSouthAmerica,boundedbyColombiaonthenorth,byPeruontheeastandsouth,andbythePacificOceanonthewest.ThecountryalsoincludestheGalapagosIslandsinthePacific,about965km(about600mi)westofthemainland.Ecuadorstraddlestheequatorandhasanareaof272,045sqkm(105,037sqmi).Quitoisthecountry’scapital.
EcuadorhasadiversepopulationcomposedofpeopleofEuropean,NativeAmerican,andAfricandescent.ThemajorityareMestizos,individualsofmixedEuropeanandNativeAmericanancestry.MostoftheNativeAmericansliveinpovertyinthehighlandsregion,whereasmalleliteofEuropeandescentcontrolsmostofthelandandwealth.
EcuadorwasaSpanishcolonyuntil1822,whenindependenceforceswonadecisivevictoryoverSpain.Ecuadorhashadademocraticallyelectedgovernmentsince1979,buthistoricallythegovernmenthasalternatedbetweencivilianruleandmilitarydictatorship.Mostpoliticalconflictsinvolvedsquabblesamonggroupswithintheupperclasseswhocontrolledthenation’swealth.
3.Andes:
theprincipalmountainsofSouthAmericaandoneofthegreatestmountainsystemsoftheworld.TheAndesincludesomeoftheworld’shighestpeaks.Morethan50ofthemsoarhigherthan6,100mabovesealevel.OnlytheHimalayasofsouthcentralAsiaarehigher.TheloftyplateausandhighmountainvalleysoftheAndescontainsomeofthehighestpermanenthumansettlementsintheworld.TheAndesarethelongestsystemofhighmountainrangesonearth.Theyextendformorethan8000kminanarrowbeltalongthewesternedgeoftheSouthAmericancontinent,fromthecoastoftheCaribbeanSeainthenorthtotheislandofTierradelFuegointheextremesouth.Alongalmostitsentirelength,theAndesriseabruptlyfromthePacificcoast.Themountainsreachintosevencountries.Venezuela,Colombia,Ecuador,Peru,Bolivia,ChileandArgentina.
IV.LanguageStudy:
1.intheheartof
inthecenterof在…中心
e.g.Apartmentsintheheartofthecityaretooexpensive.
Themetropolitanmuseumislocatedintheheartofthecity.
2.hush
vi.beorbecomesilent安静下来,变得安静
e.g.Havingcriedforhalfanhour,thelittleboyhushed.
Hush,you’llwakeupthebaby.
3.illumine
vt.shinelighton照亮,照明
e.g.Theskywasilluminedbyflashesfromthevolcano.
Myballoonwasilluminedbythesunthatwasjustrising.
4.now...now...
atonetime...atanothertime...忽而…忽而…
e.g.Thejuniorofficerwhocameintotheroomlookednervous;
hiseyesswiveledquickly,nowthisway,nowthat,asifhewerescanningtheroomfordanger.
Nowsoft,nowloud,nowcheerful,nowsorrowful,thevoiceofUncleTomtoldasmuchofthetaleashiswordsdid.
5.
in(all)silence
with(complete)absenceofsoundornoise(完全)不出声地
e.g.Thekidswerelisteningtothemusicintheclassroom,incompletesilence.
Thesoldiersstoodintheglaringsinastheminutestickedaway,inallsilence.
6.
tangle
vt.catchinorasinanet,trap;
mixtogetherorintertwineinaconfusedmass使卷入,使陷入;
e.g.Ihavethesortofhairthattangleseasily.
Thebushesweretangleswithvines.
7.trail
vi.extendoverasurface蔓延,伸展
e.g.Rosestrailingoverthewallsmadehergardensobeautiful.
Thestrawberryisatrailingplantbelongingtotherosefamily.
8.loop
vt.formorbendintoaloop使成环状
e.g.Sheloopedthescarfroundherneckandwentoutintothecoldnightair.
Themanloopedtheropeoverthewoodenpole.
9.
mute
vt.reduceorstopthesoundof减弱(或停止)…的声音
e.g.Atthesightoftheirteacherwalkingintotheclassroom,theymutedtheirvoices.
Thestringsaremutedthroughouttheclosingbarsofthesymphony.
10.dissolve
v.fadeaway,disappear消散,消失
e.g.Thecharacteristicsofgasesvarywidely.Somegasesaretransparent,somedissolveinwater,andsomehaveastrongsmell.
Thepandaatethebamboorapidlyandthendissolvedintotheshadows.
11.loose
vt.untie,release解开,放开
e.g.Thehunterloosedthearrowwithoutwarning.
It’snotahealthyhabittolooseyourbeltwhenyouarefull.
12.slump
vi.sitorfalldownheavily重重地坐下(或倒下)
e.g.Kennedyhadbeenhitandslumpedtotheflooroftheautomobile.
Heslumpedintoachair,completelyexhausted.
13.
bedyingtodosth./forsth.
desire(todo)sth.eagerly非常想做某事(或得到某物)
e.g.Shewasdyingtotellthemthegoodnewsthatshehadwonfirstprizeinthespeechcontest.
Havingworkedinthesunforfourhours,Iwasdyingforacupoftea.
14.getone'
shandson
catchholdof,findorget(sth.)抓到,得到
e.g.IwishIcouldgetmyhandsonacopyofHarryPotter.
Thebook’sheresomewhere,butIdon’tseemtobeabletogetmyhandsonitjustnow.
15.takeapart
separateintoitsdifferentparts拆开,分开
e.g.WhenIwasyoung,myparentsneverblamedmefortakingmytoysapart.
Whenmycomputerbrokedown,Itookitapart,foundwhatwaswrong,andputthewholethingtogetheragain.
16.spectacular
a.extraordinary;
veryattractiveorimpressive与众不同的;
引人入胜的,壮观的
e.g.TheBritishMuseum,oneofthemostspectacularmuseumsintheworld,isrenownedforitsextensiveanddiversecollection.
TheSun’smovementcanproducespectacularsunrisesandsunsetsundertherightatmosphericconditions.
17.fringe
n.theouteredgeorlimitofsth.边缘,边界
e.g.NeartheouterfringesofthesolarsystemliesdarkblueNeptune,agasgiantthatprobablyhasnotruesurface.
Withthenewsuburbsspringinguponthefringesofthecity,theurbanlifehaschangedcompletely.
18.
indetail
withspecifics详细地
e.g.Thepoliceaskedthevictimoftherobberytodescribewhathappenedtohimindetail.
Tomaintaintheirplaceinthemediaworld,newspaperstryhardtocovernewseventsingreaterdetailthantelevisionandradiodo.
19.opaque
n.notclearenoughtoallowlightthrough不透光的,不透明的
e.g.Milkisoftenstoredinopaquecontainerstopreventvitaminsfrombeingdestroyedbylight.
Usuallytransparent,glasscannonethelessalsobeopaque.
20.smear
vt.make(sth.)dirty;
spread(athickliquid,etc.)overasurface弄脏;
涂抹
e.g.Don'
tsmeartheglasses;
I'
vejustpolishedthem.
Mysistersmearedherselfwithsuntanoilasshesatbytheswimmingpool.
21.flock
n.agroupofcertainanimals(动物)群
inflocksa.ingroups成群地
e.g.Penguinsaregregariousbirdsandarefoundinflocksevenatsea.
Manysmallbirdsfeedinflocks.
22.dart
vi.movesuddenlyandrapidly迅疾地飞(奔)
e.g.Theboydartedbehindthesofaashisfatherstormedintothelivingroom.
Thelizarddartedoutitstongueatafly.
23.repute
vt.believe,consider认为,称为
e.g.Sheiswidelyreputedtobe25yearsyoungerthanherhusband.
Maradonaisreputedtoearnovertwomillionpoundsayear.
24.
strip
n.alongnarrowregionoflandorbodyofwater;
alongnarrowpiece狭长的地域(或水域);
条,带
e.g.About30millionpeoplelivealongtheCaliforniancoastalstrip.
Ourpayslipsusedtobeprintedonlongstripsofpaper.
25.pa