英语语言学试卷精粹10套题附答案Word格式.docx

英语语言学试卷精粹10套题附答案Word格式.docx

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television"

isa（n）___.

A、boundmorpheme

B、boundform

C、inflectionalmorpheme

D、freemorpheme 

4、A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat

introducestheembeddedclause.

A、coordinator

B、particle

C、preposition

D、subordinator主从连词 

5、"

CanIborrowyourbike?

"

___"

Youhaveabike."

A、issynonymouswith

B、isinconsistentwith

C、entails

D、presupposes 

6、Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencesthewayspeakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.

A、semantics

B、pragmatics

C、sociolinguistics

D、psycholinguistics

7、Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,whichare___orgeneralization泛化.

A、elaboration

B、simplification精简

C、externalborrowing

D、internalborrowing

8、___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.

A、Linguafranca通用语

B、Creole

C、Pidgin

D、Standardlanguage标准语言

9、Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,inadditiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulationofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,namely,___.

A、Broca'

sarea,Wernicke'

sareaandtheangulargyrus角回

B、Broca'

sareaandcerebralcortex

C、Broca'

sareaandneurons

D、Broca'

sareaandExner'

sarea

10、AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.

A、learning

B、competence

C、performance

D、acquisition

第二部分 

非选择题

II.Directions:

Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethe

lettergiven.（1%×

10=10%）

11、Chomskydefines"

competence"

astheidealuser'

sk 

oftherulesofhislanguage.

12、Thefoursounds/p/,/b/,/m/and/w/haveonefeatureincommon,i.e,theyareallb 

.

13、Misabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.

14、As 

isastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesanumberofwordstoformacompletestatement,questionorcommand.

15、Synonymsthataremutuallysubstitutableunderallcircumstancesarecalledc 

synonyms.

16、Theillocutionarypointofristocommitthespeakerto

something'

sbeingthecase,tothetruthofwhathasbeensaid.

17、Wordsarecreatedoutrighttofitsomepurpose.Suchamethodofenlargingthevocabularyisknownaswordc 

18、Whereverthestandardlanguagecanuseacontraction（he+is→he'

s）,BlackEnglishcand 

theformof"

be"

.

19、Thebasicessentialsofthefirstlanguageareacquiredintheshortperiodfromaboutagetwotopuberty,whichiscalledthec 

periodforfirstlanguageacquisition.

20、Asatypeoflinguisticsystemin12learning,i 

isaproductofL2training,mothertongueintereference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.

III.Directions:

Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueor

false.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeach

statement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyou

thinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%×

（）21、Inmodernlinguisticstudies,thewrittenformoflanguageisgivenmoreemphasisthanthespokenformforanumberofreasons.

（）22、Voicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginboth

ChineseandEnglish.

（）23、Thecompoundword"

bookstore"

istheplacewherebooksaresold.This

indicatesthatthemeaningofacompoundisthesumtotalofthemeanings

ofitscomponents.

（）24、Syntacticcategoriesrefertosentences（S）andclauses（C）only. 

（）25、Dialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialects

suchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefoundwithin

thevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmerican

English.

（）26、OnlywhenamaximunderCooperativePrincipleisblatantlyviolated

andthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversational

implicaturesarise.

（）27、TheterritoryinwhichtheIndo-Europeanlanguagesaremainlyspoken

todayalsoincludeslanguagesthatarenotIndo-European.

（）28、Inmostbilingualcommunities,twolanguageshavethesameinspeech

situationsknownasdomains.

（）29、AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,

speakers'

perceptionsdeterminelanguageandpatterntheirwayoflife.

（）30、Allnormalchildrenhaveequalabilitytoacquiretheirfirst

language.

IV.Directions:

Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesfor

illustration.（3%×

10=30%）

31、duality

32、diachroniclinguistics

33、broadtranscription

34、morphologicalrules

35、phrasestructurerule

36、relationalopposites

37、componentialanalysis

38、context

39、euphemism

40、brainlateralization

V.Answerthefollowingquestions.（10%×

2=20%）

41、Explainhowtheinventoryofsoundscanchange,givingsomeexamplesin

Englishforillustration.

42、Brieflydiscusstheindividualfactorswhichaffecttheacquisitionof

asecondlanguage.

英语语言学试题

（2）

一、单项选择题（在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题2分，共20分）

1.Thepairofwords“lend”and“borrow”are___.（ 

）

A.gradableopposites 

B.relationalopposites

C.co-hyponyms 

D.synonyms

2.ThediscoveryofIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkoftheBritishscholar 

.（ 

A.JacobGrimm 

B.RasmusRask

C.FranzBopp 

D.SirWilliamJones

3.Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas__.（ 

A.unusual 

B.somethingtobefeared

C.abnormal 

D.natural

4.__producefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.（ 

A.Broca'

saphasic 

B.Thelinguisticdeprivation

C.Thedamageontheangulargyrus 

D.Wernicke'

saphasic

5.SomeSouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay“night”as“light”.Thisshows:

A.Theycannotpronounce/n/ 

B.Interlangueinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongue

C.Theteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethod

D.Theydonotliketopronouncenasalsounds

6.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled__word.（ 

A.apolysemous 

B.asynonymous 

C.anabnormal 

D.amultiple

7.Thefunctionofthesentence“Aniceday,isn'

tit?

”is__.（ 

A.informative 

B.phatic 

C.directive 

D.performative

8.ThemostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharein__andvocabulary.（ 

A.usage 

B.grammar 

C.pronunciation 

D.structure

9.__dealswiththewayinwhichalanguagevariesthroughgeographicalspace.（ 

A.Linguisticgeography 

B.Lexicology

C.Lexicography 

D.Sociolinguistics

10.Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbeexpressedas__.（ 

A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult

B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult

C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult

D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult

二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）

11.Asentenceisastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesanumberofw________toformacompletestatement,q________orcommand.

12.Insociolinguisticstudies,speakersaretreatedasmembersofs__g________.

13.Utteranceisbasedon________ 

________;

itis 

therealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunication,orsimplyinacontext.

14.Tomanypeople,alinguististhesameasa________,onewhocanspeakseverallanguagesfluently.

15.Consonantsoundscanbeeither 

v________orv__,whileallvowelsoundsarev________.

三、判断说明题（判断下列各小题，正确的在题后括号内写“T”，错的写“F”，并说明理由。

16.Allwordsmaybesaidtocontainarootmorpheme.（ 

17.Tenseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.（ 

18.Linguisticsisthecourseoflanguage.（ 

19.Thepartofasentencewhichcompriesecomprisesaninfiniteverboraverbphraseisgrammaticallycalledpredicate.（ 

20.Historicallinguisticsequalstothestudyofsynchronicstudy.（ 

21.Thetermdialect,asatechnicalterminlinguistics,carriesvaluejudgementandnotsimplyreferstoadistinctformoflanguage.（ 

22.Morphologyistranslatedas形态学。

（ 

23.Theword“photographically”ismadeupof4morphemes.（ 

24.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageisallomorph.（ 

25.Semanticsisthemainpartoflinguistics.（ 

四、名词解释（每小题3分，共30分）

26.generallinguistics

27.suprasegmentalfeatures

28.rootandstem

29.hierarchicalstructure

30.namingtheoryandconceptualistview

31.maximsofqualityandmanner

32.blending

33.sociolect

34.subvocalspeech

35.contrastiveanalysis

五、论述题（每小题10分，共2