美丽中国全集英语字幕文稿Word格式.doc

美丽中国全集英语字幕文稿Word格式.doc

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shighestmountains,vastdesertsrangingfromsearinghottomind-numbingcold.

Steamingforestsharboringrarecreatures.

Grassyplainsbeneathvasthorizons.

Andrichtropicalseas.

Nowforthefirsttimeever,wecanexplorethewholeofthisgreatcountry,meetsomeofthesurprisingandexoticcreaturesthatlivehereandconsidertherelationshipofthepeopleandwildlifeofChinatotheremarkablelandscapeinwhichtheylive.

ThisiswildChina.

OurexplorationofChinabeginsinthewarm,subtropicalsouth.

OntheLiRiver,fishermenandbirdsperchonbamboorafts,apartnershipthatgoesbackmorethanathousandyears.

Thissceneryisknownthroughouttheworld,arecurringmotifinChinesepaintings.

Andamajortouristattraction.ThesouthofChinaisavastarea,eighttimeslargerthantheUK.

salandscapeofhillsbutalsoofwater.

Itrainshereforuptodaysayear,andstandingwateriseverywhere.

InthefloodplainoftheYangtzeRiver,black-tailedgodwitsprobethemudinsearchofworms.

Butisn'

tjustwildlifethatthrivesinthisenvironment.Theswampygroundprovidesidealconditionsforaremarkablememberofthegrassfamily.Rice.

TheChinesehavebeencultivatingriceforatleast,years.

Ithastransformedthelandscape.

LatewinterinsouthernYunnanisabusytimeforlocalfarmersastheypreparetheage-oldpaddyfieldsreadyforthecomingspring.

ThesehillslopesoftheYuanyangCountyplungenearly,metrestotheflooroftheRedRivervalley.Eachcontainsliterallythousandsofstackedterracescarvedoutbyhandusingbasicdiggingtools.Yunnan'

sriceterracesareamongtheoldesthumanstructuresinChina.

Stillploughed,astheyalwayshavebeen,bydomesticatedwaterbuffaloes,whoseancestorsoriginatedintheseveryvalleys.

Thisman-madelandscapeisoneofthemostamazingengineeringfeatsofpre-industrialChina.

Itseemsasifeverysquareinchoflandhasbeenpressedintocultivation.

Aseveningapproaches,anage-oldritualunfolds.

sthematingseasonandmalepaddyfrogsarecompetingfortheattentionofthefemales.

Butitdoesn'

talwayspaytodrawtoomuchattentiontoyourself.

TheChinesepondheronisapitilesspredator.

Eveninthemiddleofaploughedpaddyfield,natureisredinbeakandclaw.

Thismaylooklikeaslaughterbutaseachheroncanswallowonlyonefrogatatime,thevastmajoritywillescapetocroakanotherday.

TerracedpaddieslikethoseoftheYuanyangCountyarefoundacrossmuchofsouthernChina.

Thiswholevastlandscapeisdominatedbyricecultivation.

InhillyGuizhouProvince,theMiaominorityhavedevelopedaremarkablericeculture.

Witheveryinchoffertilelandgivenovertoricecultivation,theMiaobuildtheirwoodenhousesonthesteepestandleastproductivehillsides.

InChineserurallife,everythinghasause.

Driedinthesun,manurefromthecowshedswillbeusedascookingfuel.

smidday,andtheSongfamilyaretuckingintoalunchofriceandvegetables.

Oblivioustothedomesticchit-chat,GranddadGuYongXiuhasseriousmattersonhismind.

Springisthestartofthericegrowingseason.

Thesuccessofthecropwilldeterminehowwellthefamilywilleatnextyear,soplantingattherighttimeiscritical.

Theidealdatedependsonwhattheweatherwilldothisyear,nevereasytopredict.

Butthereissomesurprisinghelpathand.

OntheceilingoftheSongs'

livingroom,apairofred-rumpedswallows,newlyarrivedfromtheirwintermigration,isbusyfixinguplastyear'

snest.

InChina,animalsarevaluedasmuchfortheirsymbolicmeaningasforanygoodtheymaydo.

Miaopeoplebelievethatswallowpairsremainfaithfulforlife,sotheirpresenceisafavourandablessing,bringinghappinesstoamarriageandgoodlucktoahome.

LikemostMiaodwellings,theSongs'

livingroomwindowsIookoutoverthepaddyfields.

Fromearlyspring,oneofthesewindowsisalwaysleftopentolettheswallowscomeandgofreely.

Eachyear,granddadGunotestheexactdaytheswallowsreturn.

Miaopeoplebelievethebirds'

arrivalpredictsthetimingoftheseasonahead.

Thisyear,theywerelate.

SoGuandtheothercommunityeldershaveagreedthatriceplantingshouldbedelayedaccordingly.

AstheMiaopreparetheirfieldsforplanting,theswallowscollectmudtorepairtheirnestsandchaseafterinsectsacrossthenewlyploughedpaddies.Finally,afterweeksofpreparation,theordainedtimeforplantinghasarrived.

Butfirsttheseedlingsmustbeuprootedfromthenurserybedsandbundledupreadytobetransportedtotheirnewpaddyhigherupthehillside.

AlltheSongs'

neighbourshaveturnedouttohelpwiththetransplanting.

showthecommunityhasalwaysworked.Whenthetimecomes,theSongswillreturnthefavour.

Whilethefarmersarebusyinthefields,theswallowsflybackandforthwithmaterialfortheirnest.

Manyhandsmakelightwork.Plantingthenewpaddytakeslittlemorethananhour.

Jobdone,thevillagerscanrelax,atleastuntiltomorrow.

Butforthenestingswallows,theworkofraisingafamilyhasonlyjustbegun.

Inthenewlyplantedfields,littleegretshuntforfood.Thericepaddiesharbourtadpoles,fishandinsectsandtheegretshavechickstofeed.

ThiscolonyinChongqingProvincewasestablishedin,whenafewdozenbirdsbuiltnestsinthebamboogrovebehindYangGuangvillage.Believingtheywereasignofluck,Iocalpeopleinitiallyprotectedtheegretsandthecolonygrew.

Buttheirattitudechangedwhentheheadofthevillagefellill.

Theyblamedthebirdsandwereallsettodestroytheirnests,whenthelocalgovernmentsteppedintoprotectthem.

Bendybamboomaynotbethesafestnestingplace,butatleastthisyoungsterwon'

tendupassomeone'

sdinner.

Thesechickshavejusthadaneeldeliveredbytheirmum,quiteachallengeforlittlebeaks.

Providingtheircoloniesareprotected,wadingbirdslikeegretsareamongthefewwildcreatureswhichbenefitdirectlyfromintensivericecultivation.Growingriceneedslotsofwater.

Butevenintherainysouth,therearelandscapeswherewaterissurprisinglyscarce.

ThisvastareaofsouthwestChina,thesizeofFranceandSpaincombined,isfamousforitsclustersofconicalhills,Iikegiantupturnedeggcartons,separatedbydryemptyvalleys.

Thisisthekarst,alimestoneterrainwhichhasbecomethedefiningimageofsouthernChina.

Karstlandscapesareoftenstuddedwithrockyoutcrops,forcinglocalfarmerstocultivatetinyfields.

ThepeoplewholivehereareamongthepoorestinChina.

InneighbouringYunnanProvince,Iimestonerockshavetakenoverentirely.

ThisisthefamousStoneForest,theproductofcountlessyearsoferosion,producingamazeofdeepgulliesandsharp-edgedpinnacles.

Limestonehasthestrangepropertythatitdissolvesinrainwater.

Overmanythousandsofyearswaterhascorrodeditswaydeepintotheheartofthebedrockitself.

Thisnaturalwonderisafamoustouristspot,receivingclosetotwomillionvisitorseachyear.

TheChinesearefondofcuriously-shapedrocksandmanyhavebeengivenfancifulnames.

Noprizesforguessingwhatthisoneiscalled!

Butthere'

smoretothislandscapethanmeetstheeye.

Chinahasliterallythousandsofmysteriouscavernsconcealedbeneaththevisiblelandscapeofthekarst.Muchofthishiddenworldhasneverbeenseenbyhumaneyesandisonlyjustnowbeingexplored.ForagrowingbandofintrepidyoungChineseexplorers,cavesrepresenttheultimateadventure.

Exploringacaveisliketakingajourneythroughtime.Ajourneywhichendlessraindropswillhavefollowedovercountlesscenturies.

Fedbycountlessdripsandtrickles,thesubterraneanrivercarveseverdeeperintotherock.

Thecaveriver'

scourseischannelledbythebedsoflimestone.

Aweaknessintherockcanallowtherivertoincreaseitsgradientandflow-rate,providingarealchallengeforthecaveexplorers.

Thedownwardrushishaltedwhenthewatertableisreached.

Heretheslow-flowingrivercarvestunnelswithamoreroundedprofile.

Thistranquilworldishometospecialisedcavefishes,liketheeyelessgoldenbarb.

Chinamayhavemoreuniquekindsofcave-evolvedfishesthananywhereelseonearth.

Abovethewatertable,ancientcavernsabandonedbytheriverslowlyfillupwithstalactitesandstalagmites.Stalactitesformastricklingwaterdepositstinyquantitiesofrockoverhundredsorthousandsofyears.Stalagmitesgrowupwherelime-ladendripshitthecavefloor.

Oi!

Whoo-hoo!

Sofar,onlyafractionofChina'

scaveshavebeenthoroughlyprospectedandcaversareconstantlydiscoveringnewsubterraneanmarvels,manyofwhicharesubsequentlydevelopedintocommercialshowcaves.

Finallyescapingthedarkness,thecaveriveranditshumanexplorersemergeinavalleyfarfromwheretheirjourneybegan.

Fornow,theadventureisover.Riverswhichissuefromcavesarethekeytosurvivalinthekarstcountry.ThisverticalgorgeinGuizhouProvinceisafocal