新概念二语法点总结Word下载.docx
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(黄金重点,所有考试都不放过它!
)
例如:
.I'
lltellherwhenshecomestomorrow.
.Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,I'
llmeetyou.
.Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-headed.(不错的句型,背下!
!
.I'
llberightherewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.(很感人的句型!
B.按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件,用一般现在时表达将来时概念。
.Theplaybeginsat6:
30thisevening.
.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?
.Heleavesforthatcitynextweek.
.Accordingtothetimetable,theexpresstraintoShanghaistartsatnineinthemorning.
(按照时刻表,开往上海的特快列车早上7点出发。
【测试精编】
1.TheBrowns anicecarandBrown'
sbrother anicejeep.
A.have/haveB.has/hasC.have/hasD.has/have
2.Iftheirhouse notlikeours,what itlooklike?
A.is/isB.is/doesC.does/doesD.does/is
3.- youthinkhewillcome?
-Ifit tomorrow,hewillnotcome.
A.Do/rainsB.Are/rainsC.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain
4.Thelittlechild notevenknowthatthemoon aroundtheearth.
A.do/moveB.do/movesC.does/movesD.did/moved
5.Manyastudent fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom
tothecinema
A.are/goesB.is/goesC.are/goD.is/go
【练习答案】
1.C2.B3.A4.C5.B
二.现在进行时:
is/am/are+现在分
词
1.表示现在正在进行的动作。
如
.Thekettleisboiling.ShallImaketea?
.Don'
tyouthinkyoueattoomuch?
You'
reputtingonweight(体重增加)。
.Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.2.表现阶段正进行的动作。
.Heistakingphysicsthissemester(本学期)。
.Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.
3.go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。
.Look!
Thebusiscoming.看!
车来了!
.Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying.
.AliceisleavingforBeijingwithhermother.
4.与always,forever,continually,constantly等副词连用,表示说话人带有感
*彩:
赞赏或厌恶。
.Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.(他总是想着别人。
.Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.(这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。
.Theteacherisconstantly(always)criticizingherforbeinglate.(老师一直在批评她迟到。
5.下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。
(此条戒律请背10遍!
believe(相信),doubt(怀疑),see(看见),hear(听见),know(知道),understand
(理解),belong(属于),think(认为),consider(认为),feel(觉得),look(看起来),
seem(看上去),show(显示),mind(介意),have(有),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),
require(要求),possess(拥有),care(关心),like(喜欢),hate(讨厌),love(喜爱),
detest(憎恨),desire(意欲)
【简单记忆】
●永远不要说I'
mbelieving...或Heisseeingahouse.再简单一点说,这些动词后面不要随意加-ing.
●可怕的是:
我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错!
●注意:
haveaparty/thinkabout可以用进行时,因为这里have意为“举行”;
think意为“考虑”。
1.Howcanyou Ifyouarenot ?
A.listening/hearingB.hear/listening
C.belistening/heardD.behearing/listeningto
2.Thegirlevenwon'
thaveherlunchbeforeshe herhomework.
A.willfinishB.isfinishing
C.hadfinishedD.finishes
3.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepost(职位) intheoffice.(此题超
前)
A.arebeinginterviewedB.areinterviewing
C.interviewingD.tobeinterviewing
4.Theoldscientist todomoreforthecountry.
A.iswishingB.hasbeenwishing
C.wishesD.hasbeenwished
5.Ifhe ,don'
twakehimup.
A.stillsleepsB.isstillsleeping
C.stillhasbeensleepingD.willbesleepingstill
【练习答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B
三.一般过去时
1.表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。
.Wevisitedtheschoollastspring.
.IwenttoschoolbybikewhenIwasinmiddleschool.
.Chinawasfoundedin1949.
2.在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。
.Shetoldmethatshewouldnotgowithusifitrainedthenextday.
.Theywouldnotleaveuntilshecameback.
.Myfriendpromisedtomarrymeonceshemadeherfinaldecision.
3.一般过去时,现在时和过去时的几组差异:
(别以为这很简单,下面的差异你不一定明白。
●Herbrotherwasachemist.(已去世)
●Herbrotherisachemist.(尚健在)
●That'
sallIhadtosay.(话已说完)
sallIhavetosay.(言之未尽)
●Itwassonicetoseeyou.(离别时用)
●Itissonicetoseeyou.(见面时用)
●Janedidalotofworkthismorning.(已是当天下午或晚上)
●Janehasdonealotofworkthismorning.(仍是上午)[本句现在完成时,此乃后话!
]
测试精编I:
(用所给动词的正确进态填空)。
1.YesterdayI (think)thatyouwerenotinBeijing.
2.Aliceusually (sit)inthefrontoftheclassroom,butshe
(sit)atthebackthismorning.
3.He (tell)thenewstousthreedaysago.
4.He (begin)toteachChinesein1990.
5.shewouldnottelephonemeifshe (have)notime.
测试精编II:
1.They thetripuntiltherainstopped.
A.continuedB.didn'
tcontinue
C.hadn'
tcontinuedD.wouldcontinue
2.Thelocalpeasantsgavethesoldiersclothesandfoodwithoutwhichthey
ofhungerandcold.(without在这里表条件,你知道吗?
A.woulddieB.willdieC.wouldbedeadD.wouldhavedied
3.ItwasnotuntilthenthatIcametoknowthattheearth aroundthesun.
A.movedB.hasmovedC.willmoveD.moves
4.Whenallthosepresent(到场者) hebeganhislecture.(重点题)
A.sitB.setC.seatedD.wereseated
5.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavewrittentoyou.ButinfactI
not.
A.haveB.wouldhaveC.hadD.hadhad
练习答案:
I
1.thought2.sits,sat3.told4.began5.hadII
1.B2.D3.D4.D5.C
四.过去进行时
1.表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。
.Iwasplayingchessat8yesterdayevening.
.WhenIarrived,theywerewatchingTV.
.Theyweredoinghouseworkthistimelastweek.
2.用于条件状语从句中表示过去将来进行的动作。
.Shetoldmetowakehimupifshewassleeping.
.IaskedmyfriendtowarnmeaboutitaslongasIwasdrivingtoofast.
3.过去某时将发生的事。
可参考—2(4).TheytoldmethattheywereleavingforNewYork.
.HewasgoingoutwhenIarrived.
练习题:
1.Mybrother whilehe hisbicycleandhurthimself.
A.fell/wasridingB.feel/wereriding
C.hadfallen/rodeD.hadfallen/wasriding
2.He hislegashe inafootballmatch.
A.broke/playedB.wasbreaking/wasplaying
C.broke/wasplayingD.wasbreaking/played
3.-Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow.-Ithoughtthathe today.
A.wascorningB.iscoming
C.willcomeD.comes
4.Jackwasgoingoutoftheshopwhenhecollidedwithanoldwomanwho
in.
A.comeB.wascomingC.hadbeencomingD.hadcome
5.Michikecouldn'
tcometothetelephonewhenMr.Smithcalledherbecauseshe inthelab.
A.hadbeenworkingB.hasbeenworking
C.wasworkingD.worked
1.A2.C3.A4.B5.C
五.现在完成时
1.表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
常与
yet,just,before,recently,lately(最近),ever,never等表时间的副词搭配使用。
●Hehasn'
tseenherlately.
●Ihaven'
tfinishedthebookyet.
2.表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
如:
sofar(迄今为止),uptillnow(直到现在),since,foralongtime(很长时间),uptopresent(直到现在),inthepast/inthelastfew
years(在过去的几年里),thesedays(目前)……
.Hehasworkedherefor15years.
.IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.
.TheforeignerhasbeenawayfromChinaforalongtime.
.Sofar,Ihaven'
treceivedasingleletterfrommybrother.
3.某些非延续性动词(即:
动作开始便终止的动词),在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。
黄金要点:
I.常见的非延续动词:
die,arrive(到达),join(加入),
leave(离开),go,refuse(拒绝),fail(失败),finish,buy,marry,divorce(离婚),
awake(醒),buy,borrow,lend...(背三遍!
II.这类动词并非不能用现在完成时,而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。
III.但若是用在否定句中,非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
●Shehasgoneawayforamonth.(误)
●Shehasbeenawayforamonth(正)
●Themanhasdiedfortwoyears.(误)
●Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.(正)
●Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?
(误)
●Howlonghaveyougotthebook.(正)
4.注意since的用法:
.Theyhaven'
thadanytroublesincetheycamehere.
.Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.
.Hehasbeenheresince1980.
.Hehasbeenheresincetenyearsago.5.几组对比:
HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。
HehasbeentoShanghai.他去过上海。
Shehasgone.她已走了。
Sheisgone.她缺席了。
(or她死了。
Thedoorhasbeenclosed.门关上了。
(动作)Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。
(状态)
练习题
1.Theprices goingupallthetimeinthepastfewyears.
A.keepB.keptC.havekeptD.arekeeping
2.Forthewholeperiodoftwomonths,there noraininthisarea.
A.isB.willbeC.hasbeenD.havebeen
3.TodayisJane'
sweddingday.She John.
A.havejustmarriedwithB.wasjustmarriedto
C.hasjustbeenmarriedtoD.justhasbeenmarriedto
4.Nowondertheflowerhavewithered,they
A.hadn'
tB.haven'
tC.haven'
thadD.hadn'
thad
anywaterforages.
5.Nowadayscomputer awideapplicationwiththedevelopmentofproductionandscience.
A.foundB.hasfoundC.findsD.hadfound
1.C2.C3.C4.C5.B
六.精要:
五种基本句型
1.主+谓(不及物动词)
Mancanthink.Thefireisburning.
不可忽视:
常用不及物动词有break,breathe,burn,smoke,swim,skate,appear,disappear,work,thinketc.
2.主+谓+表语(系动词)
Hebecameascientist.
Sheisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.
常用系动词:
be,get,turn,feel,seem,appear,looktaste,sound,smell,become,go,proveetc.
3.主+谓+宾(及物动词)
Welovepeace.
Theywillpaintthedoor.
常用动词有:
see,watch,need,love,like,study,answer,carry,etc.
4.主+谓+宾+宾补
Weelectedhimpresident.Theypaintedthedoorwhite.
Iadvisedthestudentstorecitethetexts.
王牌重点:
常用作宾补的形式:
(请将每个例句大声朗读一遍)
(1)名词:
ThecouplenamedtheirbabyJohnson.
(2)形容词:
Ikeepthedooropen.
(3)副词:
Thenaughtyboyknockedthebottleover.
(4)不定式:
Heorderedhismentofire.
(5)分词:
Heh