航海英语听力与会话 11规则英语评估712章标准答案.docx
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航海英语听力与会话11规则英语评估712章标准答案
Task4:
Describeadvantagesofvarioustoolsortechnologiesforproperlookout.
a)Thefeaturesofradarobservation.
b)Theadvantagesofvisuallookout.
c)Thecorrectusesofvarioustoolsortechnologies.
a.)Ifradarisfittedandoperational,includinglong-rangescanning,wecanobtainearlywarningofriskofcollisionandradarplottingorequivalentsystematicobservationofdetectedobjects.Thoughitisveryefficient,itdoeshavesuchlimitationsas:
1)theconstraintsimposedbytheradarrangescaleinuse;2)thepossibilitythatsmallvessels,iceandotherfloatingobjectsmaynotbedetected;3)theeffectonradarofseastate,weatherandothersourcesofinterference,etc.
b.)Thevisuallookouthasthefollowingadvantages:
Itisreliableandsensitivetocolor.Itiseasytoassessheadingusinghumanbrain.Itiseasytoidentifysmalltargets.Thevisuallookoutisabletoseelightconfigurations,figureouttypesofship,identifyflashinglights,seechangingweatherpatterns,seeeffectofseaonvessel,affectedbyblindsector(ifobservermovesaccordingtotheobservingposition).
c.)Properuseofradar,ARPARandothertechnologiesshouldbemadeduringwatch-keeping.TheworkingofRadarorotherapparatusdoesnotrelievethewatchofficersofhisdutytomaintainaproperlookoutatalltime.Marinerscannotdependonmachinestoomuch.Lookout(bridgewatch)isalwaysveryimportant,especiallyinsomepassages,insidetheportandinsomedangeroussailingareas.Delayedactionswillpossiblygiverisetobigaccidents.
Unit7CommunicationatSea
Warming-up
1.Whatdoescommunicationatseamean?
Communicationbetweenvesselsandcoast-stations,intershipcommunicationandintrashipcommunication.
2.Canyoulistsomemeansofcommunicationatsea?
RadioTelephony,Satellite,DSCandRadio-Telex.
3.Doyouknowwhat“priorities”meansinthecontextofcommunicationatsea?
Categoriesofmessages,includingdistress,urgency,afetyandroutinemessages.
ReadingAloud
1.WhenisVHFused?
Itisusedtobridgeshortdistances.
2.Whatdoes“simplex”meanhere?
Speakingandlisteningcannotbedonesimultaneously.
3.WhatarethedisadvantagesofVHFasmentionedinthepassage?
Reception.ofradiosignalswillnotalwaysbeofhighquality,andcoveragewillnotalwaysextendtothedesiredareas.
Speaking
PartAListening—BasedSpeakingTasks
Task1:
Listentothedialogueandanswerthequestionsbelow:
1.Whosentthemaydaymessage?
BlueWhale.
2.Howmanycrewmembersareseriouslyinjured?
Onecrewmember.
3.WhatdoesMVBlueWhalerequire?
Aboat.
4.Wherewilltheymeet?
Inposition50N,04W.
5.Whenwilltheboatexpecttoarrive?
1315UTC.
6.WhatdoesMAYDAYcallingmeaninmarinecommunications?
WhataboutPAN-PANandSECURITE?
MAYDAYcallingmeansthereisseriousandimmediatedangerforvessel,crewandpassengers.
PAN-PANcallingmeansthereisseriousdangerforvessel,crewandpassengers.
SECURITEcallingmeansthereisimminnentriskfornavigation.
Task2:
Listenagainanddiscusswithyourpartnerthefollowingtopics:
Whatcanyoufindfromthedialogueaboutthewaystotransmitdistressalerts?
Andwhatelsedoyouknowabout?
----RadioTelephony.
----Satellite,DSCandRadio-Telex.
PartBWork-placeCommunicationTask
MAYDAY,MAYDAY,MAYDAY,thisisBlueWhale,BlueWhale,BlueWhale,WXCP,WXCP,WXCP.I’minposition4704’N,5008’W.I’monfireafterexpolosiomintheengineroom.Irequirefire-fightingassiatance.Over.
PartCTopicPresentationTasks
Task1:
Describetheproceduresofsearchandrescueoperations.
a)Thewaystotransmitdistressalerts.
b)Theproceduresforemergensyresponding.
c)ThepatternsofsearchandthewaystoimplementaSARmission.
Thereareseveralwaysforvesselindistresstotransmitdistressalerts.ThevesselindistressmaytransmitdistressalertsbyradioequipmentsorthroughINMARSATAorC,orbyEPIRB.
Whenreceivingadistressalertfromothervessel,myvesselshoulddolikethefollowing:
TransmitmessageofacknowledgementandMaydayrelay.
Advisethevesselindistressoftheintentofmyvessel.
KeepalisteningwatchoncommunicationfrequencyVHFchannel16.
Maintainaproperlookoutbysightandhearingaswellasbyallotheravailablemeansappropriatetotheprevailingcircumstances.
Generallyspeaking,therearefourpatternsofsearch.Theyare:
expandingsquaresearch,sectorsearch,parallelsearchandship/aircraftcoordinatedsearch.Whichpatternshouldbechosendependsonthesituation.
Task2:
DescribebrieflytheGMDSS.
a)MainobjectivesofGMDSS.
b)ThecompotentsofGMDSS.
c)MainfunctionsofGMDSS.
GMDSSistheshortformforGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem.Itsmainobjectivesare:
Tosatisfytheneedofsearchandrescueandtosatisfytheneedofcommunicationatsea.
GMDSSincludesNAVTEX,EPIRB,DSC,NBDP,INMARSATA,B,C,Fandotherequipment.
ThemainfunctionofGMDSSistoprovideemergencyandsafetycommunicationandtobroadcastsafetyinformationatsea.
Task3:
DescribebrieflytheDSCdistressalert.
a)ThefunctionofDSC.
b)Theformatofadistressalert.
c)Summary.
DSCisshortformofdigitalselectivecalling.Itisusedtocarryoutdistressalertanddistresswatch.Ittakestheplaceofthefunctionof500KHZand2182KHZdistressalertanddistresswatch.Anditincreasesthepossibilityofdistressalertbeingreceivedsuccessfully.
TheDSCequipmentisequippedwithVHFCH70,DSCwatchingmachineandMF/HFaccordingtovessel’ssailingarea.TheDSCwatchingmachineiskeepinga24hourswatch.
TheDSCdistressalertcancarryoutdistressalertfromshiptoship,shiptoshoreandshoretoshipatanyseaarea.
Unit8DealingwithPiracyandArmedAttackatSea
Warming-up
1.Areshipsandhercrewsubjecttomarineaccidents?
Yes,sometimes.
2.Whatarethemajorcausesofthemarineaccidents?
Humanfactorsandnaturaldisasters.
3.Canyoulistsomecommenmarineaccidentsorseaperils?
Yes,Ican.Suchasfire,grounding,crewinjuryordeath,collision,oilpollution,pirates,terrorism,etc.
4.Whatshouldbedonetominimizethoseaccidentsorperils?
Navigatingwithcaution,keepingproperlookout,keepingcommunicationswithauthoritiesconcerned,etc.
5.Describethefollowingpicturesbriefly.
Thefirstpictureshowstheterrorism.
Thesecondpictureshowspiratesboardingonship.
Thethirdpictureshowsavesselonfire.
Thefourthpictureshowsoilpollution.
6.Accordingtotediagram1,thepirateinfestedwaterscanbedividedintofiveareas:
thehighestthreatareasisEastAfrica,thenSouthChinaSeaandIndianOcean,theotherareasareArabianSeaandWestAfrica.
Accordingtotediagram2,thepartsoftheshipraidedbypiracyorarmedrobberyinSouthChinaSeacanbedividedintofiveareas:
themostraidedpartisstormrooms,thenaccommodationarea,thelastengineroom.19%oftheshipisnotboardedand19%isnotstated.
ReadingAloud
Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassageyou’veread.
1.Whatisthispassageabout?
PiracyoffthecoastofSomaliahasbeenathreattointernationalshipping.
2.WhatnegativeeffectsdotheSomaliapiratesbringforth?
TheSomaliapirateshasimpededthedeliveryofshipmentsandincreasedshippingexpenses,costinganestimated10billionpoundsayearinglobaltrade..
3.Canyoulistanexampleofthehijackedvesselsbythepirates?
Yes,Ican.SuchasPanegaandSamhoJewelry.
Speaking
PartA
Task1:
Listentothepassageandanswerthequestionsbelow:
1.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?
Themeasurementsforcounter-piracy.
2.Whatpercentageofthevesselstransitingpirateinfestedwatersisadequatelypreparedforpiracy?
About25%.
3.Whatcounter-piracymeasuresarementionedinthepassage?
Havingasecurearea,adequatetraining,reportingtheirpositionregularly,ensuringreceiptofup-to-dateintelligence,convoyingusingextralookouts,evasivemaneuveringandpiracyresistanceequipment.
Task2:
1.Doyouthinkimprovedplanningortrainingisveryeffectiveindealingwiththethreatsofpiracy?
Why?
Yes,itiseffective.Becausesomevesselsandcrewssurvivedpiracyattackssuccessfully.
2.Whatcanbedoneduringthestageofplanning?
Reportingregularlyship’spositiontoconcernedauthoritiesandensuringreceiptofup-to-dateintelligenceaboutpirateactivity.
3.Whatothergoodpracticecanyouthinkabouttofightagainstpiracy?
Wecanincreasespeedtoamaximumandstartfirepumpstofightagainstpiracy.
PartBWork-placeCommunicationtask.
Table1:
S1:
Couldyoutellmeyourship’sname,type,flag,grosstonnage,IMOnumber?
S2:
Myship’nameisSILVAPLANA,atanker,theflagstateisGreece,withagrosstonnageof62216tons,andtheIMOnumberis8261325.
S1:
Whatdidithappenexactly?
S2:
At00:
30LT,onthe24thofJune,2011.
S1:
What’sthepositionoftheincident?
S2:
Inposition06°08.59’N002°28.26’E,WestAfricaaround12NMoffCotonouBenin.
S1:
Canyoutellthedetailsabouttheincident?
S2:
Sure.Fourrobbersinaspeedboatboardedtheshipduringship-to-shipoperations.
S1:
Whatdidthepiratesdototheship?
S2:
Themasterand2ndengineertakenhostageandbeaten.Ship’sandcrew’spersonalbelongingsstolen.
S1:
Whatactiondidyoutake?
S2:
Themastergaveuphimselftotherobberstoprotectthelifeof2ndengineer.Thecrewhidthemselvesinthecitadel.
S1:
Wastheincidentreportedtothecoastalauthorities?
Whichone?
S2:
Yes,PortcontrolandBeninNavy.
Table2
S1:
Couldyoutellmeyourship’sname,type,flag,grosstonnage,IMOnumber?
S2:
Myship’nameisTAISHUNHAI,a