小升初英语冠词专项.doc
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冠词
1、定义
冠词是用在名词前面,说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。
2、分类
冠词分为不定冠词a,an和定冠词the
I.不定冠词a/an的用法:
1
指一类人或事,相当于akindof
Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.
Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.
2
第一次提及某人某物,非特指
Aboyiswaitingforyou.
3
表示“每一”相当于every,one
Westudyeighthoursaday.
4
表示“相同”相当于thesame
Wearenearlyofanage.
5
用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout
ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.
6
用于quite,half,what,such之后
Thisroomisratherabigone.
Suchalovelygirl!
Whatalovelyboy!
7
固定词组
acoupleof,abit,alittle,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,alotof
haveagoodtime,havearest,apairof,apieceof,catchacold
注:
表示一个要用a/an,如果单词音标是以元音因素开始用an,辅音因素开始用a
常考跟a/an的单词或字母
apple/orange/ant/umbrella/elephant‘u’
hour/honestboy
eight-year-oldboy/eleven-year-oldgirluniform
anEnglishman/Australian/Americana
oldman/orangehatusefulbook
‘m’‘n’‘h’‘f’‘l’‘s’‘x’
interestingstory/excitingmovieuniversitystudent
II.定冠词the的用法:
1
表示特指某些人或事物
Thegirlinredismysister
2
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
themoon,thesun,theearth,thesky,thesea
3
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?
Thisisanorange.Theorangeisorange.
4
用于乐器前面
playtheviolin/guitar/flute/drums/trumpet/erhu/piano
5
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
therich,theliving,theold
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
theGreens,theWangs
7
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.
ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.
Sundayisthefirstdayofaweek.
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前
theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench
theUnitedKingdom,theYellowRiver
9
指世纪的某个年代
inthe1990’s
10
用于方位名词
ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.
11
习惯用法
inthemorning/afternoon/evening,ontheleft/right
theSpringFestival,inthesun
定冠词用法口诀:
特指重提和唯一,岛屿海峡和海湾。
海洋党派最高级,沙漠河流和群山。
方位顺序和乐器,年代团体和机关。
姓氏复数国全名,千万别忘用定冠。
III.零冠词的用法:
1
某些专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前
BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air
2
名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制
Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?
3
季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前
March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring
4
表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前
LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.
5
学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前
Helikesplayingfootball/chess.
6
与by连用表示交通工具的名词前
bytrain,byair,byland
7
以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight
8
表示泛指的复数名词前
Horsesareusefulanimals.
9
习惯用语
fromMondaytoFriday,dayandnight,inbed,onfoot,onduty,
Atnight/noon,inclass,atdinner
零冠词用法口诀:
下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词。
专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭。
复数名词有泛指,两节假期月份前。
颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
IV.看上去相似,但在意义上有区别的介词短语
attable在进餐,在桌旁吃饭
(1)atthetable在桌旁,在桌子边=besidethetable
infrontofthebus在汽车前(外)
(2)inthefrontofthebus在汽车的前(内)
inclass在课上
(3)intheclass在这个班
inbed卧床,在睡觉
(7)inthebed在床上
inhospital住院(指病人)
(8)inthehospital(因事)在医院
实战演练
一、判断正误。
(√,×)
astory()aapple()apaper()aorange()
aprettywoman()anschool()anusefulbook()
二、用正确的a和an填空。
1、()catcancatchmice.
2、Theantis()insect.
3、Lucyspends()hourdoingherhomeworkeveryday.
4、Bob'sfatheris()engineer.
5、Johnis()honestboy
三、在空格内填上a或an
1._____ear 2.______actor 3._____hen 4.______toy
5.______university6.______elephant 7.______hat 8.______umbrella
9.______rabbit 10.______idea11.______hour 12_______honestboy
13.______interestingbook 14.______easyquestion15.______orangedress
四,单项选择。
()1.It’sorange,orangeisorange.
A.a,theB.an,TheC.an,a
()2.What’syourfavouritesports?
highjump.
A.AB.TheC./
()3.Isbasketballyours?
A.aB.theC./
()4.Lookategg.It’sbigegg.
A.an,aB.the,aC.the,an
()5.IwanttobuyEnglishbook
A.anB.aC.the
()6.Look,studentsarecleaningclassroom.
A.a,aB.the,theC.the,an
()7.Turnleftatthirdcrossing.Thehotelisonright.
A.the,theB.a,theC.the,a
()8.Doyouwantorangecoat.
A.theB.anC.a
()9.SometimeswewatchTVinevening.
A.aB.theC./
()10.Wouldyoulikeglassofmilk?
A.theB.anC.a
()11.Whatisladydoing?
She’sreadinginsun.
A.the,aB.the,theC.a,the
()12.That’snicepicture.MayIhavelook?
A.the,aB.the,theC.a,a
()13.Wecanseesuninafternoon.
A.the,theB.a,/C.the,/
()14.Thereissomebreadonplate.
A.anB.aC.the
()15.Haveyougotclock?
A.aB.anC.the
()16.Lookatgirl.She’seatingbigapple.
A.a,theB.the,aC.the,an
()17.Oneofstudentsismyfriend.
A.aB.theC.an
()18.Theseclothesaresame.
A.aB.theC.an
()19.yellowsweaterismine.
A.AB.TheC.An
()20.Sheswimsfor_____houreverymorning.
A.aB.theC.an
()21.Myfatheris_____officeworker.
A.aB.anC.the
()22.Sundayis____firstdayofaweek.
A.aB.theC.an
()23.Thereis___emptyboxontheplate.
A.aB.theC.an
()24.There’s______oldmanunderthetree._____manismygrandfather.
A.anTheB./TheC.aA
()25.Canyouplay______violin?
A./B.theC.a
()26.MissWhiteisfrom______USA.Sheis_____American.
A.the/B.theanC.thea
()27.Isthere_____“e”intheword“meat”?
A.aB.theC.an
()28.MrsBrownhasnot_______longhair
A./B.aC,the
()29.DoesMeihualiveon______thirdfloor?
A,anB.theC.a
()30.Whichis______fifthdayofaweek?
A.theB./C.an
()31.Doyoulikelistento______radioandlistento______music?
A./theB.thetheC.the,/
()32.Janethastwofriends.OneisAmerican,_____otherisAustralian.
A./B.theC..a
()33.Arethetrousers_______sameor_____differernt?
A.thetheB./theC.the/
()34.Pleasedon’ttalkin______class.
A.theB./C.a
()35.Kate,don’treadin______bedandin________sun.
A./theB.the/C.thethe
()36.Isthat_______toyanimal?
Yes,_____animalismine.
A.atheB.antheC.athe
()37._______youngladyisourmathsteacher.
A.AB.TheC./
()38.Look!
somebirdsareflyingin________sky.
A./B.aC.the
()39.That’s_________bigapple.________appleismine.
A.anTheB.aTheC./an
()40.Whichisyourfather?
______maninbrown.
A.AB.TheC./
()41.Wearein________samegrade,butin________differentclasses.
A.thetheB.the/C./the
()42.She’s______Chinese,herfriendis_________Americangirl.
A./anB./,/C.aan
()43.Let’smeetateightin________.morning
A.thisB.theC./
()44.Shallwegothereby______bike?
Sorry,Ican’tride______bikes.
A.the/B./theC.//
()45.Canyousee_____orangebox?
Sorry,Icanonlysee_____emptyyellowboxes.
A.theanB.ananC.an/
()46.IsMrSmith_______artteacherofyourschool?
A.anB.aC.the
()47.Kate’sgrandmotheris_____oldworker.
A.aB.anC.the
()48.Jackis_____Australianboy.
A.aB.anC.the
()49._______sunisinthesky.
A.AB.AnC.The
()50.Takeout_______”e”fromegg.
A.aB.anC.the
()51.WhichisMrBlack?
_____tallone.
A.aB.anC.the
()52.What’s_____nameofthisdog?
Brown.
A.aB.anC.the
()53.Hegoesfishingfor________houreveryday.
A.aB.anC.the
()54.Turnon_______TV,please.
A.aB.anC.the
()55.Don’ttalkin______class.
A./B.anC.the
()56.Mybrotherlikessinging______lot.
A.aB.anC.the
()57.Thereis_____pieceofpaperonthedesk.
A.aB.anC.the
()58.Thanks____lot.
A.aB.anC.the
()59.Let’sgotoschoolby______bike.
A./B.anC.the
()60.Pleaseplay____pianoonceagain.
A.aB.anC.the
()61.Welikeplay____footballverymuch.
A./B.anC.the
()62.Theblackcaris______Englishcar.
A.aB.anC.the
()63.Kateis_______eleven—year—oldgirl?
A.anB.aC.the
()64.oldmanismyuncle.
A.aB./C.the
()65.It’stimetogotoschool.
A.aB./C.the