度考研英语一真题与答案解析Word下载.docx

度考研英语一真题与答案解析Word下载.docx

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1.[A]bywayof 

[B]aswellas 

[C]onbehalfof 

[D]withregardto

2.[A]adaptto 

[B]providefor 

[C]competewith 

[D]decideon

3.[A]close 

[B]renew 

[C]arrange 

[D]postpone

4.[A]Intheory 

[B]Aboveall 

[C]Intime 

[D]Forexample

5.[A]Although 

[B]Lest 

[C]After 

[D]Unless

6.[A]into 

[B]within 

[C]from 

[D]through

7.[A]sine 

[B]or 

[C]but 

[D]so

8.[A]test 

[B]copy 

[C]recite 

[D]create

9.[A]folding 

[B]piling 

[C]wrapping 

[D]tying

10.[A]lighting 

[B]passing 

[C]hiding 

[D]serving

11.[A]meeting 

[B]association 

[C]collection 

[D]union

12.[A]grow 

[B]part 

[C]deal 

[D]live

13.[A]whereas 

[B]until 

[C]for 

[D]if

14.[A]obtain 

[B]follow 

[C]challenge 

[D]avoid

15.[A]isolated 

[B]persuaded 

[C]viewed 

[D]exposed

16.[A]wherever 

[B]however 

[C]whenever 

[D]whatever

17.[A]changed 

[B]brought 

[C]shaped 

[D]pushed

18.[A]divided 

[B]invested 

[C]donated 

[D]withdrawn

19.[A]clears 

[B]warms 

[C]shows 

[D]breaks

20.[A]while 

[B]sowhat 

[C]once 

[D]inthat

SectionII 

ReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

　　France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwoman.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.

　　Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

　　Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupwithimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarringthemselvestohealth–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmovetakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape–measuretheymustuseto 

determinetheirindividualworth.

　　Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowoman（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbeorbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosinezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

　　TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymesscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

　　Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardformodelsandfashionimagesthererelymoreonpearpressureforenforcement.

　　IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalcharterclearlystates,weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.Thecharter’smaintollofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagen.Fashionweek,whichismenbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

　　Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

　[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined

　[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed

　[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive

　[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline

22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2Para2）isclosestinmeaningto

　[A]heighteningthevalueof

　[B]indicatingthestateof

　[C]losingfaithin

　[D]doingharmto

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry

　[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed

　[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark

　[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure

　[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

　[A]settingperfectphysicalconditions

　[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character

　[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

　[D]pursuingahighagethresholdformodels

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

　[A]AchallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

　[B]ADilemmaforthestarvingmodelsinFrance

　[C]JustAnotherRoundofstruggleforbeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

　　Forthefirsttimeinthehistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily.ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService（NHS）aswhatmakethemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

　　AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”.Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair”.Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

　　Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,

　　evenauthorizing“off–plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilentonlyu 

sensingitschance,hassideswiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItscampaigntoprotectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties. 

　　Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhousesfactoriesandofficesiswherepeopleareincitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroyedrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfofmillionhousesintheLandonareaalonewithnointrusionongreenbelts.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthemunderlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?

　　Developmentshouldbeplanned,notlettrip,AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenableittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.

26.Britain’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

　[A]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics

　[B]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily

　[C]didn’tstartfil