21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解.docx

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21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解

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最新最全的学术论文期刊文献年终总结年终报告工作总结个人总结述职报告实习报告单位总结演讲稿

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程第9课内容详解

  导语:

在美国圣诞节,圣诞节一直以一堆礼物和豪华派对为特色。

不久前,一群人呼吁市民放弃奢侈的圣诞庆祝活动,度过假期。

下面是一篇题为保卫简单的圣诞节的英语课文,欢迎大家阅读。

 

  Text

 

  IntheU.SA.,Christmashaslongbeencharacterizedbypilesofpresentsandlavishparties.Notlongago,agroupofpeopleurgedthepublictogiveupextravagantChristmascelebrationsandspendtheholidaysimply.

  InDefenseofaSimpleChristmas

  BillMcKibben

  IknowwhatIwillbedoingonChristmasEve.Mywife,my4-year-olddaughter,mydad,mybrotherandIwillsnowshoeoutintothewoodsinthelateafternoon,chooseasuitabletreeandsawitdown.Ihavehadmyeyeonthreeorfourlikelycandidatesallyear.

  Wewillbringithome,shakeoffthesnow,decorateitandthenheadforchurch,wheretheSundayschoolclassIhelpteachwillperformthisyear

#39;spageant.Andthenitishometohangstockings,stokethefireandgotobed.OurChristmascelebrationisastraditionalasitgets,exceptthatthereisnosprawlingpileofpresentsunderthetree.

  Severalyearsago,afewofusinnorthernNewYorkstartedacampaignfor

quot;$100holidays.

quot;Wedecidedtourgepeoplenottospendmorethan$100perfamilyonpresentsandtorelyinsteadonsimplehomemadegifts.Thatfirstyear,Imadewalkingsticksforeveryone.Lastyear,Imadespicychickensausage.Mymotherhasembracedtheideabymakingcalendarsillustratedwithsnapshotsshehastaken.

  The$100figurewasawaytoexplaintochildrenwhytheyweren

#39;tgettingeverythingontheirlist.Sofar,ourdaughter,Sophie,doesfineatChristmas.Herstockingisexcitingtoher.Thetreeisexciting.Skatingonthepondisexciting.Itisworthmentioning,however,thatwedon

#39;thaveatelevision,soshemaynotunderstandthedegreeofherimpoverishment.

  Thisholidayideamaysoundmodest.Itismodest.Andyetatthesametime,itisprettyradical.Christmas,itturnsout,isabulwarkofthenation

#39;seconomy.ManybusinessesdoathirdoftheirvolumeinthemonthsjustbeforeDec.25.Andsoithitsanervetoquestionwhetherweshouldcelebratethebirthofamanwhosaidweshouldgiveallthatwehavetothepoorbyshoweringoneanotherwithmotorizedtieracks.

  Whenwebeganthe$100campaign,merchantswritingtothelocalnewspapersmadeitcleartouswhatathreateningideaitwas.Newspapercolumniststhoughtitwasprettyextreme,too.Onesaidthatwhileourmessagehadmerit,itwoulddotoomuchdamagetobusiness.

  Andhewasright,oratleastnotwrong.IfweallbackedoutofChristmasexcess,wewouldsinkmanyagiftshop.Ifwethrewlesslavishofficeparties,catererswouldsuffer—andfloristsandliquorwholesalersandsoondownthefeedingchain.Butwehavetostartsomewhereifwearetoclimbdownfromtheunsustainableheightswehavereached,andChristmasmightaswellbeit.

  WhenwebegantospreadourideaaboutcelebratingChristmasinanewway,wewereearnestandsober.Big-timeChristmaswasanenvironmentaldisgrace—allthatwrappingpaperandallthosebatteries.Themoneycouldbesomuchbetterspent:

Thepriceofonesilknecktiecouldfeedavillageforaday.AndstrugglingtocreateaproperChristmasdrivespoorfamiliesintodebt.HereinNewYork,JanuaryfindsmanypeoplecuttingbackonheattopayofftheirChristmasbills.

  Thosewereallgoodreasonstoscaleback.Butaswecontinuedourcampaign,wefoundwereallyweren

#39;tinterestedinchangingChristmasbecausewewantedfewerbatteries.Wewantedmorejoy.WefeltcheatedbytheChristmaseswewerehaving—sorushed,sobusyandsofullofhypethatwecouldn

#39;trelaxandenjoytheseason.

  YoumaybetoolateforthisChristmas.Youalreadymayhaveboughtyourpileofstuff.Infact,turningthefocusofChristmasbacktoChristisalongandpatienteffort.Buttojudgefromourfamily

#39;sholidaysinrecentyears,itiswellworththeeffort.

 

  NewWords

 

  defense

  n.theactorprocessofdefending维护,保卫;辩护

  snowshoe

  vi.穿雪鞋行走

  n.(用于在雪地上行走的)雪鞋

  saw

  v.锯,锯开

  candidate

  n.候选者;候选人

  decorate

  v.addsth.to(anobjectorplace),esp.inordertomakeitmoreattractive装饰

  pageant

  n.ashoworceremony,usu.outofdoors,inwhichtherearepeoplewearingrichdressorinwhichhistoricalscenesareacted盛大的庆曲;(露天演出的)历史剧

  stocking

  n.长袜,袜子

  stoke

  v.stirupandfeedfuelto(afire,etc.)添加燃料拨旺(炉火)

  celebration

  n.theactofcelebrating庆祝

  sprawl

  vi.spreadoutirregularlyoveralargearea(杂乱无章地)蔓生,蔓延,扩展

  campaign

  n.aplannedsetofactionsintendedtorealizeaparticulargoal运动

  urge

  vt.tryveryhardtoadviseorask(sb.)todoaparticularthing力劝;敦促

  per

  prep.foreach每,每一

  rely

  vi.(on)dependonsb.orsth.依靠

  homemade

  a.madeathome,locallyorattheplacebought自制的

  spicy

  a.havingorproducingapleasantlystrongtasteandsmell有香(料)味的;辛辣的

  sausage

  n.香肠;腊肠

  embrace

  vt.(fml)accepteagerly[正式]欣然接受

  vt.

amp;vi.takeandhold(sb.oreachother)inthearms(互相)拥抱

  calendar

  n.日历

  illustrate

  vt.1.addpicturesto(abook,etc.)给(书等)加插图

  2.makeclearbyexamples(用例子)说明;表明

  snapshot

  n.aninformalphoto,usu.takenwithasimplecamera(简易照相机拍的)快照

  figure

  n.1.anamount,esp.ofmoney(钱等的)数目

  2.anyofthenumbersigns数字符号

  pond

  n.anareaofwatersmallerthanalake池塘

  mention

  vt.speakabout(sth.)inafewwords提及,谈起

  impoverishment

  n.poverty贫穷

  modest

  a.1.notlargeinamount,size,value,etc.适度的,不过分的

  2.havingaloweropinionofone

#39;sownabilitythanisprobablydeserved谦虚的

  radical

  a.extreme;thoroughgoing激进的;彻底的

  bulwark

  n.anyprotectionagainstdanger,injury,etc.保障;支柱

  economy

  n.thesystembywhichacountry

#39;swealthisproducedthroughtrade,industry,etc.经济体制,经济情况

  volume

  n.thenumberoramountofsth.份量,量;额

  nerve

  n.1.神经

  2.courage;determination勇敢;决心

  shower

  vt.sendorgive(sth.)(tosb.)ingreatnumbers大量地给予

  motorized

  a.equippedwithamotor机动化的;摩托化的

  rack

  n.架子,挂架,搁架

  merchant

  n.apersonwhobuysandsellsgoodsforprofit商人

  threaten

  v.expressathreatagainst威胁

  columnist

  n.apersonwhowritesanewspaperormagazinecolumn专栏作家

  merit

  n.thequalityofbeinggood优点,长处

  damage

  n.injuryorharmtoapersonorthing破坏,损害

  vt.dodamageto破坏,损害

  excess

  n.immoderateindulgence,asineating,drinking,etc.(饮食烟酒等的)无节制,无度

  lavish

  a.verywastefulingivingorusing非常浪费的

  caterer

  n.apersonorcompanythatprovidesfoodforlargesocialevents酒席承办人

  florist

  n.apersonorcompanythatownsorworksinashopwhichsellscutlowersandplants花商;花店工作人员

  liquor

  n.酒,含酒精饮料

  wholesaler

  n.abusinessmanwhosellsgoodsinlargequantitiesandusu.atlowprices批发商

  unsustainable

  a.unabletobecontinuedinitspresentform无法支撑(或维持)的

  earnest

  a.serious;notjoking;sincere认真的;真诚的

  *sober

  a.serious;thoughtful严肃的;审慎的

  environmental

  a.环境的

  disgrace

  n.shameorlossofotherpeople

#39;srespect;apersonorthingthatbringsshame,dishonor,etc.丢脸,耻辱;丢脸的人(或事)

  wrap

  v.coverorenclosewithinacovering包裹

  battery

  n.电池

  necktie

  n.(esp.AmE)tie(尤美)领带;领结

  debt

  n.moneyorotherthingsowedtosb.else欠债,债务

  scale

  vt.increaseorreduce,esp.byafixedrate(按比例)调节

  n.asetofnumbersorstandardsusedtomeasureorcompare(测量或比较的)标准;等级

  cheat

  v.deceive欺骗

  hype

  n.天花乱坠的宣传

  PhrasesandExpressions

  indefenseof

  supporting维护;为-----辩护

  shakeoff

  getridof抖落;摆脱

  relyon

  dependon依靠,依赖

  sofar

  uptothepresent到目前为止

  turnout

  befoundorknowntobe结果(是);原来(是);证明(是)

  hit/touchanerve

  refertoasubjectthatcausessb.pain,anger,etc.触及要害;触到痛处

  dodamageto

  损害,破坏

  backout

  withdraw退出,撒手不干

  manya

  (fml)many[正式]许多

  climbdown

  1.往下爬

  2.admitthatyouarewrong认错;退让

  mightaswell

  还是-----为好,不妨

  drive...into

  force(sb.)intoausu.unpleasantcondition迫使,逼使

  cutbackon

  reduce缩减,削减

  payoff

  pay(adebt)infull还清

  scaleback

  reduce(sth.)byafixedrate按比例缩减

 

  ProperNames

 

  BillMcKibben

middot;默基本(人名)

  Sophie

  索菲(女子名)

  Christ

 

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