哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学期末考试试题.docx
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哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学期末考试试题
哈尔滨医科大学2001级组织学与胚胎学期末考试试题
哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学试题题签
01级基础七年制
一、Selectsubject.Eachitemisfollowedbyfiveanswers.
Pleaseselectthebestoneanswer.(30×0.7=21分)
(答案请写在多选题答题卡上)
1.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutepitheliaisFALSE?
(A)Theyarepolarized
(B)Theyarevascular
(C)Theyareseparatedfromunderlyingconnectivetissuebyabasallamina
(D)Theycontainonlyasmallamountofintercellularsubstance
(E)Theylinethelumenofbloodvessels
2.AllofthefollowingcellsarisefromcellsarisefromundifferentiatedmesenchymalcellswithinconnectivetissueandremaintherepermanentlyEXCEPT?
(A)pericytes
(B)eosinophils
(C)fibrolasts
(D)osteoblasts
(E)adipocytes
3.Whichoneofthefollowingcellsarisesfrommonocytes?
(A)Plasmacell
(B)Fibroblasts
(C)Lymphocytes
(D)Macrophages
(E)Mastcell
4.Energyproductioninmatureerythrocytesisaccomplishedbywhichoneofthefollowing?
(A)Glycolyticpathway
(B)Mitochondria
(C)Electrontransportsystem
(D)Citricacidcycle(Krebscycle)
(E)Golgicomplex
5.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsregardingosteocytesisFALSE?
(A)Theycommunicatewitheachotherviahaversiancanals
(B)Theyliveforalongtime
(C)Theypossesslongcytoplasmicprocesses
(D)Theyarehousedintheirownlacunae
(E)Osteocytescommunicatewitheachothervianarrowcytoplasmicprocessesthatextendthroughcanaliculi.
6.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsregardingcartilageisFALSE?
(A)Itsgrowthrateisincreasedbytestosteroneandthyroxine
(B)Itsgrowthrateisdecreasedbycortisoneandestradiol
(C)Fibrocartilageisthecartilagemodelinendochondralboneformation
(D)Thematrixofelasticcartilageisidenticaltothatofhyalinecartilageexceptthatitcontainselasticfibers
(E)Hyalinecartilageisthecartilagemodelassociatedwithendochondralboneformation.
7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningmatureskeletalmuscleisFALSE?
(A)Thecellsaremultinucleated
(B)AsarcomereistheregionbetweentwosuccessiveZdisks
(C)Thenucleiarecentrallylocated
(D)Myofidrilsdisplayacharacteristiccrossbandingpattern
(E)Actin,myosin,troponin,andtropomyosinarepresent
8.Theaxonhillockcontains
(A)roughendoplasmicreticulum
(B)ribosomes
(C)microtubules
(D)Golgicomplex
(E)synapticvesicles
9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheepicardiumisTRUE?
(A)Itiscontinuouswiththeendocardium
(B)Itisthevisceralpericardium
(C)Itpossessesmodifiedcardiacmusclecells
(D)Itfunctionstoincreaseintraventricularpressure
(E)Itpossessescardiacmusclecells
10.Whichofthefollowingcelltypesispresentinthegastricglandsofthepyloricstomach?
(A)Gobletcells
(B)Mucousneckcells
(C)Panethcells
(D)Basalcells
(E)Chiefcells
11.AllofthefollowingmaterialcanbeabsorbeddirectlybythesurfaceabsorptivecelloftheintestinesEXCEPT
(A)water
(B)monosaccharide
(C)freefattyacids
(D)ions
(E)smallpeptides
12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthepancreasisFALSE?
(A)ItpossessesisletsofLangerhans
(B)Itpossessserousdemilunes
(C)Itcontainsmorebetacellsthanalphacells
(D)Itexhibitslarge,electron-lucentgranulesinitsScells.
(E)Itsacinarcellscontainaroundnucleus
13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningliversinusoidsisTRUE?
(A)Theyarecontinuouswithbilecanaliculi
(B)Theyaresurroundedbyawelldevelopedbasallamina
(C)Theyarelinedbynonfenestratedendothelialcells
(D)Theydeliverbloodtothecentralvein
(E)Theydeliverbloodtoportalvein
14.Circulatingantibodiesaresynthesizedandsecretedbywhichofthefollowingcells?
(A)Tmemorycells
(B)Bmemorycells
(C)Thelpercells
(D)Plasmacells
(E)Tcytotoxiccells
15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningadrenalparenchymalcellsisTRUE?
(A)Thoseofthezonafasciculateproduceandrogens
(B)Thoseoftheadrenalmedullaproduceepinephrineandnorepinephrine
(C)Thoseofthezonaglomerulosaproduceglucocorticoids
(D)Thoseofthecortexcontainnumeroussecretorygranules
(E)Thoseoftheadrenalmedullaproduceglucocorticoids
16.Theblood-gasbarrierinalveolimayincludeeachofthefollowingEXCEPT?
(A)cytoplasmofatype Ⅱpneumocyte
(B)basallaminaoftype Ⅰalveolarcells
(C)cytoplasmofatype Ⅰpneumocyte
(D)endotheliumofacontinuouscapillary
(E)basallaminaofanendothelialcell
17.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutLangerhans’cellsisTRUE?
(A)Theycommonlyarefoundinthedermis
(B)Theyfunctionassensorymechanoreceptors
(C)Theyfunctionasreceptorsforcold
(D)Theyplayanimmunologicroleintheskin
(E)Theyareofepithelialorigin
18.RenalfiltrationbarrierconsistsofallofthefollowingcomponentsEXCEPT
(A)Thefenestratedendotheliumoftheglomerularcapillaries
(B)Thebasallamina
(C)Thefiltrationslitswithdiaphragmsbetweenpedicels
(D)Medullaryrays
(E)Renalcapsule
19.AnephronincludesallofthefollowingcomponentsEXCEPT
(A)Arenalcorpuscle
(B)Adistalconvolutedtubule
(C)AthinlimboftheloopofHenle
(D)Acollectingtubule
(E)Parsrectaoftheproximaltubule
20.AllofthefollowingcelltypesarefoundinthebrainEXCEPT
(A)Purkinjecells
(B)Stellatecells
(C)Schwanncells
(D)Smallgranulecells
(E)Pyramidalcells
21.SeminiferoustubulescontainallofthefollowingcomponentsEXCEPT
(A)Sertolicells
(B)Spermatocytes
(C)Afibrousconnectivetissuetunic
(D)Skeletalmuscleintheirtunicapropria
(E)Agerminalepithelium
22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningsecondaryovarianfolliclesisTRUE?
(A)Theylackliquorfolliculi
(B)Theycontainasecondaryoocyte
(C)TheircontinuedmaturationrequiresFSH
(D)Theylackathecaexterna
(E)Theyhaveasinglelayerofcuboidalfollicularcellssurroundingtheoocyte
23.Prolactinissynthesizedandsecretedbywhichofthefollowingcells?
(A)Acidophilsintheparsdistails
(B)Basophilsintheparstuberalis
(C)Somatotrophsintheparsdistalis
(D)Basophilsintheparsintermedia
(E)Chiefcell
24.Inwhichofthefollowingsitesdolymphocytesbecomeimmunocompetent?
(A)Germinalcenterofsecondarylymphoidnodules
(B)Whitepulpofthespleen
(C)Thymuscortex
(D)Redpulpofthespleen
(E)Paracortexoflymphnodes
25.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtheprocessofthetissuepreparation?
(A)Fixation
(B)Dehydration
(C)Embedment
(D)Coverslip
(E)Microscope
26.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutstratifiedsquamousepitheliumisFALSE?
(A)Thesurfacelayerofcellsmaybekeratinized
(B)Thecellsinitsmostsuperficiallayerarecuboidal
(C)Itissupportedbyabasallamina
(D)Itscellspossessdesmosomes
(E)Stratifiedsquamousepitheliumischaracterizedbyflattenedcellsinitssuperficiallayer.
27.Ofthefollowingcelltypesfoundinconnectivetissue,whichismostoftenpresentalongcapillariesandresemblesfibroblasts?
(A)Plasmacell
(B)Lymphocyte
(C)Macrophage
(D)Pericyte
(E)Mastcells
28.WhichofthefollowingarepresentinelasticarteriesbutareNOTseeninmusculararteries?
(A)Elasticfibers
(B)Factor Ⅷ
(C)Fenestratedmembranes
(D)Externalelasticlamina
(E)Basementmembrane
29.Adrenocorticotropichormone(ACTH)isproducedbywhichofthefollowingcells?
(A)Chromophobesintheparsdistalis
(B)Neurosecretorycellsinthemedianeminence
(C)Acidophilsintheparsdistalis
(D)Neuronsoftheparaventricularnucleusinthehypothalamus
(E)Noneoftheabove
30.WhihofthefollowingstatementsregardingthecerebrospinalfluidisFALSE?
(A)Itissecretedbythechoroidsplexus
(B)Itbathesandnourishesthebrainandspinalcord
(C)Itiscomposedmostlyofproteinwithlittlesodiumandpotassium
(D)Itisresorbedbyarachnoidvilli
(E)Blockageofitspathwayleadstohydrocephalus
二、填空题(10×0.5=5分)
1、 毛细血管在电镜下分为( )、( )、( ),其三个基本功能是( )、( )、( )。
2、 气血屏障由( )、( )、( )和( )构成。
三、论述题(24分)
1. 食入的蛋白质在小肠内分解为氨基酸后经小肠哪些结构进入血液,然后经何途径入肝?
入肝后又经过哪些结构进入肝细胞?
(5分)
2. 试述化学突触的结构(包括超微结构)。
(5分)
3. 何为子宫内膜的月经周期?
分泌期子宫内膜内基质细胞是如何分化的?
(4分)
4. 试述粗、细肌丝的分子结构特点。
(5分)
5. 试述淋巴结的结构与功能。
(5分)
四、胚胎题(10分)
1.填图(Filltheblankofembryonicpicture)(5×0.5=2.5分)
2. 解释下列胚层来源(5×0.5=2.5分)
毛—— 心肌—— 输精管——
食管上皮—— 小脑——
3. 解释畸形(5分)
(1)腭裂(cleftlip)(1分)
(2)马蹄肾(horseshoekidney) (1分)
(3)隐睾(cryptorchidism)(1分)
(4)房间隔缺损(atrialseptaldefect) (2分)
窗体底端
哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学试题答案
01级基础七年制
一、选择题
1.B 2.B 3.D 4. A 5. A
6.C 7.C 8.C 9. B 10. B
11. C 12.B 13. D 14. D 15. B
16. A 17. D 18. D 19. D 20. C
21. D 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. E
26. B 27. D 28. D 29. E 30. C
二、填空题(10×0.5=5分)
1.毛细血管在电镜下分为(连续毛细血管)、(有孔毛细血管)、(血窦),其三个基本功能是(选择性通透与物质交换)、(合成和代谢活动)、(抗血栓形成)。
2.气血屏障由(肺泡表面液泡层)、(I型肺泡细胞与基膜)、(薄层结缔组织)和(毛细血管基膜与内皮)构成。
三、论述题(24分)
1.食入的蛋白质在小肠内分解为氨基酸后经小肠哪些结构进入血液,然后经何途径入肝?
入肝后又经过哪些结构进入肝细胞?
(5分)
食物中的蛋白质在小肠内分解为氨基酸后,经小肠绒毛吸收细胞游离缘的微绒毛入吸收细胞内,经细胞侧面的细胞膜入细胞间隙经基膜入固有层,经有孔毛细血管内皮外基膜,经有孔内皮入毛细血管内血液中。
然后经门脉进入肝脏。
入肝后经小叶间静脉入终末门微静脉,再进入肝血窦。
经内皮细胞孔或细胞间隙进入窦周隙,最后经肝细胞的绒毛进入肝细胞。
2.试述化学突触的结构(包括超微结构)。
(5分)
由突触前膜(突触小泡)、突触间隙和突触后膜(受体)组成。
突触是神经冲动定向传导的重要结构。
突触小泡是位于突触前结构(一般为轴突末梢,或称扣结)内的膜包小泡,电镜下方可看到,是辨认突触的标志性结构。
小泡多为圆形,也有扁平状的,有的清亮,有的有致密核芯。
小泡内含有神经递质或神经调质、表面附有突触小泡相关蛋白(突触素I),使小泡集合并附在细胞骨架上。
当神经冲动沿轴膜传至轴突终末时,细胞外Ca2+进入突触前成分,在ATP的参与下使突触素I发生磷酸化,使突触小泡移附在突触前膜上,以出胞作用释放神经递质到突触间隙内,影响突触后神经元或非神经细胞的活动。